Abstract Rhodiola (Crassulaceae) comprises about 70 species and shows a high level of morphological diversity. The genus is mainly distributed in alpine areas cold regions the Northern Hemisphere with Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau as its center phylogenetic relationships within remain poorly understood largely because difficulties collecting samples specimens. In present study, 51 species/varieties from representing all sections were analyzed using sequences nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the immune cell-mediated progressive destruction of pancreatic -cells. High-mobility group box protein (HMGB1) has been recognized as a potential mediator to enhance development T1D. So we speculated that HMGB1 inhibitors could have anti-diabetic effect. Sodium butyrate short fatty acid derivative possessing anti-inflammatory activity inhibiting HMGB1. In current study, evaluated effects sodium in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced...

DNA barcoding, the identification of species using one or a few short standardized sequences, is an important complement to traditional taxonomy. However, there are particular challenges for barcoding plants, especially with complex evolutionary histories. We herein evaluated utility five candidate sequences — rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, trnL-F and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) Rhodiola species, group high-altitude plants frequently used as adaptogens, hemostatics tonics in Tibetan medicine....

Abstract Ginseng is a perennial herb that contains various medicinal substances. The major active constituents of ginseng are ginsenosides, which have multifarious biological activities. Some pharmacological activities closely dependent on the stereoisomers derived from configuration at C20. In this study, in vitro anti-inflammatory activity C20 epimeric ocotillol-type triterpenes (2, 3, 9, and 10) protopanaxadiol [20(S/R)-protopanaxadiol] were investigated. Epimers 2 3 prepared starting...

Abstract Crassulaceae is a mid‐sized family of angiosperms, most species which are herbaceous succulents, usually with 5‐merous flowers and one or two whorls stamens. Although previous phylogenetic studies revealed seven major “clades” in greatly improved our understanding the evolutionary history family, relationships among clades still contentious. In addition, biogeographic origin evolution important morphological characters delimiting infrafamilial taxa have not been subject to formal...

A phosphate-solubilizing bacterium, designated CPCC 100624T, was isolated from a freshwater reservoir in south-west China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison of strain 100624T with the available sequences GenBank database showed that isolate closely related to members genus Spirosoma . In phylogenetic tree based on sequences, formed stable subclade soli MIMBbqt12T within , which indicated could be identified as member grew at 10–40 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 6.5–8.0 7.0–7.5) and presence 0–5...

Abstract Our knowledge of species diversity in biodiversity hotspots remains incomplete. The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) and the mountainous region southwestern China have long been regarded as hotspots. However, despite considerable efforts, numerous plant may still elude formal description. Rhodiola L. (Crassulaceae) encompasses ca . 58 perennial herb species, which used an important traditional medicinal for centuries. Rampant exploitation has put some at risk extinction. also recognized...

Budding speciation is a process wherein new species arises from small, isolated population within or at the margin of an ancestral species. Well-documented cases budding are rare, and roles various evolutionary factors in this remain controversial. Based on whole-genome resequencing data 272 individuals across 27 populations, we reconstructed history Rhodiola sect. Trifida explored relative contributions natural selection, genetic drift, chromosomal rearrangements as drivers lineage...

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterised mainly by reduced mass, microstructure degradation, and loss of mechanical properties. As the world population ages, more than 200 million people worldwide suffer from pain caused osteoporosis every year, which severely affects their quality life. Moreover, prevalence continues to increase. The pathogenesis highly complex closely related apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, ferroptosis. PI3K/Akt/mTOR...

Histone methyltransferase KMT2D plays a critical role as human oncogene in prostate cancer (PCa). Dysregulated inflammatory responses and cytokine signaling are implicated progression. Furthermore, interleukin 6 (IL-6) is pleiotropic that contributes to PCa progression; however, the association between IL-6 remains unclear. cell proliferative potential, migratory apoptosis vitro were determined using counting kit-8 (CCK-8), EdU incorporation, wound healing, assays. Proliferation potential...

The evolution and current distribution of the Sino-Tibetan flora have been greatly affected by historical geological events, such as uplift Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), Quaternary climatic oscillations. Rhodiola kirilowii, a perennial herb with its ranging from southeastern QTP Hengduan Mountains (HM) to adjacent northern China central Asia, provides an excellent model examine disentangle effect both orogeny oscillation on evolutionary history species patterns. We here conducted...

Abstract Staphyleaceae traditionally comprises three genera of temperate and tropical trees shrubs: Euscaphis Siebold & Zucc., Staphylea L., Tuprinia Vent. These are clearly supported by morphology, but a recent classification based on four chloroplast genes nuclear ITS treats , New World Turpinia in s.l. Old Dalrympelea Roxb. In this study, our objectives were to (1) resolve the phylogenetic relationships within using two six markers, (2) explore morphological synapomorphies that...

Quaternary climate oscillations and geographical heterogeneity play important roles in determining species genetic diversity distribution patterns, but how these factors affect the migration differentiation of East Asian plants at population level remains poorly understood. The Aquilegia ecalcarata complex, a group that originated Late Tertiary is widely distributed throughout Asia, displays high variation suitable for studying elaborate phylogeographic patterns demographic history related...

SUMMARY Rhodiola L. is a genus that has undergone rapid radiation in the mid‐Miocene and may represent typic case of adaptive radiation. Many species have also been widely used as an important adaptogen traditional medicines for centuries. However, lack high‐quality chromosome‐level genomes hinders in‐depth study its evolution biosynthetic pathway secondary metabolites. Here, we assembled two with different chromosome number sexual system. The genome size R. chrysanthemifolia (2 n = 14;...

An essential component of biodiversity research and conservation is to accurately delimit species. Traditional morphology‐based taxonomy has faced great challenges in complex taxa. In the last few years, focus species delimitations shifted from defining using different concepts integrating multiple lines evidence characterize aspects speciation process. This study employs an integrative taxonomic method revise limits Rhodiola sect. Trifida , based on multi‐locus sequence data...

Quaternary climatic oscillations had tremendous effects on the current distribution of species. Here, we aim to elucidate glacial history Rhodiola crenulata, a perennial herb almost exclusively restricted rock crevices mountain peaks, and test whether nunatak or massif de refuge hypotheses could explain its pattern.Six haplotypes six ribotypes were detected in cpDNA data set ITS set, respectively. The divergence R. crenulata closest relatives was dated have occurred ca. 0.65 Mya, during...