Originating with the Newark, NJ, foot patrol experiment, research has found police patrols improve community perception of and reduce fear crime, but they are generally unable to incidence crime. Previous tests have, however, suffered from statistical measurement issues have not fully explored potential dynamics deterrence within microspatial settings. In this article, we report on efforts more than 200 officers during summer 2009 in Philadelphia. Geographic information systems (GIS)...

Public Closed Circuit TeleVision (CCTV) initiatives have been utilized as methods of monitoring public space for over two decades. Evaluations these efforts to reduce crime mixed. Furthermore, there has a paucity rigorous evaluations cameras located in the USA. In this analysis, viewshed publicly funded CCTV Philadelphia, PA, is examined using evaluation techniques: hierarchical linear modeling and weighted displacement quotients. An analysis that incorporates controls long‐term trends...

Gang set space is defined as ‘‘the actual area within the neighborhood where gang members come together a gang’’ (Tita, Cohen, and Engberg 2005:280). The current article examines one subarea of space: gangs maintain street corner-centered open-air drug markets. Two types corners—corner markets dominated by corner with multiple gangs—were contrasted another non-gang, non-dealing corners. Functional corporate perspectives on would both predict single to have lower violent property crime than...

The extent to which social bonds and turning points influence criminal activity has been the focus of much empirical research. However, there have few studies exploring offending for those who experienced emerging adulthood, a recently identified stage life course. Using data from National Longitudinal Study Adolescent Health we examined if indicators were predictors offending. Several included in these analyses found decreases cohort adults. We extend previous research by examining on...

There is a debate over whether police attention focused on an illegal drug market causes dealers to spatially displace their activities "around the corner" therefore having no positive impact aggregate level of sales in city. The alternative perspective that lowers rate Recent research Jersey City, New has demonstrated does not simply move dealing around corner. present analysis explains why this finding likely be common other cities using economic theory "agglomeration economies."...

The internship program in the Department of Criminal Justice, Temple University, is designed to help students: determine their career interests, learn factual and procedural information from practitioners, build relationships that facilitate opportunities, smooth school-work transition. current study an evaluation this aimed whether increased preparedness. Surveys students involved were conducted at beginning end program. Students other non-internship criminal justice courses completed a...

Stress experienced by law enforcement officers is often extreme and in many ways unique among professions. Although past research on officer stress informative, it limited, most studies measure using self-report questionnaires or observational that have limited generalizability. We know of no attempted to track direct physiological responses high fidelity, especially within an operational police setting. The outcome this project will impact both practitioners policing researchers. To do so,...

Developed in 2006, the veil of darkness approach is one most widely accepted methods for assessing impact driver race on traffic stops. Building original methodology, we innovate three important ways to enhance approach: (a) invoke generalized linear mixed models account lack independence among observations stop data sets, (b) decompose relationship between daylight and consider role sex, (c) assess variability racial disproportionality across law enforcement units. Nearly 20,000 stops are...

Police departments that emphasise certain strategic models (e.g. community-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing) may adopt specific types of technology to better achieve their core missions. A contrasting theory is police agencies do not invest strategically in technology; rather, they a 'black box' without larger plan for how particular fits within the agency's guiding philosophy or operational goals. Despite importance this discourse, very little research has been conducted address...

Abstract Law enforcement agencies are struggling to meet recruitment goals and rarely representative of the communities they serve. In particular, women make up just 12% sworn officers despite fact that act in ways more consistent with community-oriented policing use less force. Despite this, there few evidence-based strategies can improve outreach messaging efforts focussed on improving candidate diversity. The current study experimentally explored effectiveness job advertisements formatted...

The space-time risk window associated with near-repeat burglary patterns would seem to present a natural opportunity for prevention efforts. However, constraints the reporting of, police response to, and patterning of burglaries can reduce crime potential such To better estimate focusing on burglaries, we studied in 10 U.S. cities. Descriptive aspatial spatial statistics were used answer research questions. Significant clustering does not necessarily indicate an actionable problem. Police...

This study examines the relationship between police-community racial asymmetry and use of surveillance technology by local law enforcement. The data come from a nationally representative survey enforcement agencies, with supplementary information provided Law Enforcement Management Administrative Statistics Survey, Census, Uniform Crime Reports. Results indicate that police departments underrepresent African Americans in community are more likely to or plan implement technology, controlling...

Law enforcement agencies across the country are struggling to recruit qualified candidates and this problem is pronounced when recruiting demographically diverse officers. Women demonstrate competencies important for effective policing: restoring trust in police, obtaining high case clearance rates, using less force. The goal of study was understand how use online materials women We assessed frequency text, images, videos depicting racially ethnically individuals, content related hiring job...

Klinger's (Criminology 35(2): 277–306, 1997) ecological theory of policing addresses the intersection environment and police organizational structure on patrol practices. The current study following question: 'Is response to calls for service influenced by level serious violent crime or officer staffing?' This question was addressed using crime, incident, staffing data supplied Philadelphia Police Department. dependent variable number unfounded events per month, district, from 2004 2008....

The concept of Eco-efficiency, coupling with the stimulation services and effort environmental load reductions, is beneficial to indicate state IT-products, where developments are extremely rapid. This paper shows two comprehensive case studies, mobile phones scanners, especially focusing on how quantify service values. As a result, value increases 2.50 in one half years, Eco-efficiency factor as 2.07. Also, scanners goes up 2.47, Factor 2.13 years. In addition, utilizing core hardware...