Pietro Curone
A5083667845- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
University of Chile
2025
University of Milan
2022-2024
Abstract Planet formation is a hugely dynamic process requiring the transport, concentration, and assimilation of gas dust to form first planetesimals cores. With access observations with extremely high spatial spectral resolution at unprecedented sensitivities, it now possible probe planet-forming environment in detail. To this end, exoALMA Large Program targeted 15 large protoplanetary disks, ranging between ∼1 ″ ∼7 radius, mapped distributions. 12 CO J = 3–2, 13 CS 7–6 molecular emission...
Abstract An analysis of the gaseous component in protoplanetary disks can inform us about their thermal and physical structure, chemical composition, kinematic properties, all which are crucial for understanding various processes within disks. By exploiting asymmetry line emission, or via profile analysis, we locate emitting surfaces. Here, present emission surfaces exoALMA sources 12 CO J = 3–2, 13 CS 7–6. We find that traces upper disk atmosphere, with mean 〈 z / r 〉 values ≈0.28, while...
Abstract The bulk motion of the gas in protoplanetary disks around newborn stars is nearly Keplerian. By leveraging high angular and spectral resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), we can detect small-scale velocity perturbations molecular line observations caused by local pressure variations disk, possibly induced embedded protoplanets. This Letter presents azimuthally averaged rotational its deviations from Keplerian rotation ( δυ ϕ ) for exoALMA sample, as...
Abstract The exoALMA large program offers a unique opportunity to investigate the fundamental properties of protoplanetary disks, such as their masses and sizes, providing important insights into mechanism responsible for transport angular momentum. In this work, we model rotation curves CO isotopologues 12 13 10 sources within sample, constrain stellar mass, disk density scale radius through precise characterization pressure gradient self-gravity. We obtain dynamical our sample by measuring...
Abstract The exoALMA Large Program was designed to search for subtle kinematic deviations from Keplerian motion, indicative of embedded planets, in high-angular-resolution and high-spectral-resolution Band 7 observations 12 CO, 13 CS emission protoplanetary disks. This Letter summarizes the calibration imaging pipelines used by collaboration. With sources ranging diameter <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mover accent="true">...
Abstract The exoALMA Large Program targeted a sample of 15 disks to study gas dynamics within these systems, and observations simultaneously produced continuum data at 0.9 mm (331.6 GHz) with exceptional surface brightness sensitivity high angular resolution. To provide robust characterization the observed substructures, we performed visibility space analysis emission from data, characterizing axisymmetric substructures nonaxisymmetric residuals obtained by subtracting an model data. We...
Abstract We analyze the 12 CO J = 3–2 data cubes of disks in exoALMA program. 13/15 reveal a variety kinematic substructures individual channels: large-scale arcs or spiral arms, localized velocity kinks, and/or multiple faints that appear like filamentary structures on disk surface. find signatures are consistent with planet wakes six disks: AA Tau, SY Cha, J1842, J1615, LkCa 15, and HD 143006. Comparison hydrodynamical radiative transfer simulations suggests planets orbital radii between...
Abstract The gas masses of protoplanetary disks are important but elusive quantities. In this work we present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations N 2 H + (3–2) for 11 exoALMA disks. is a molecule sensitive to CO freeze-out and has recently been shown significantly improve the accuracy estimated from line emission. We combine these with archival isotopologue measure 19 disks, predominantly large program. For 15 mass also measured using rotation curves. show...
Abstract Gas surface density is one of the most relevant physical quantities in protoplanetary disks. However, its precise measurement remains highly challenging due to lack a direct tracer. In this study, we report spatially resolved detection pressure-broadened line wings CO J = 3–2 RX J1604.3−2130 A transition disk as part exoALMA large program. Since are sensitive total gas volume density, robustly constrain radial dependence and midplane pressure region located 50–110 au from central...
Abstract Extracting robust inferences on physical quantities from disk kinematics measured Doppler-shifted molecular line emission is challenging due to the data’s size and complexity. In this paper, we develop a flexible linear model of intensity distribution in each frequency channel, accounting for spatial correlations point-spread function. The analytic form model’s posterior enables probabilistic data products through sampling. Our method debiases peak intensity, velocity, width maps,...
Abstract The planet-hunting Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) large program exoALMA observed 15 protoplanetary disks at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mo>∼</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mover accent="true"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>.</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>″</mml:mi> </mml:mover> <mml:mn>15</mml:mn> </mml:math> angular resolution and ∼100 m s −1 spectral resolution, characterizing disk structures kinematics in enough...
Abstract In the past decade, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has revealed a plethora of substructures in disks surrounding young stars. These have several proposed formation mechanisms, with one leading theory being interaction between disk and newly formed planets. this Letter, we present high angular resolution ALMA observations LkCa 15’s that reveal striking difference dust CO emission morphology. The continuum shows ringlike structure characterized by dust-depleted...
Abstract The ALMA large program exoALMA offers a unique window into the three-dimensional physical and dynamical properties of 15 circumstellar disks where planets may be actively forming. Here, we present an analysis methodology to map gas disk structure substructure encoded in 12 CO, 13 CS line emission from our targets. To model characterize probed by optically thin species, such as and, some cases, introduce composite profile kernel that accounts for increased intensities caused...
Abstract Forward modeling is often used to interpret substructures observed in protoplanetary disks. To ensure the robustness and consistency of current forward-modeling approach from community, we conducted a systematic comparison various hydrodynamics radiative transfer codes. Using four grid-based codes ( FARGO3D , Idefix Athena++ PLUTO ) smoothed-particle code Phantom ), simulated disk with an embedded giant planet. We then two mcfost RADMC-3D calculate temperatures create synthetic 12...
The last decade has witnessed remarkable advances in the characterization of (sub-)millimeter emission from planet-forming disks. Conversely, study (sub-)centimeter made more limited progress, to point that only a few exceptional disk-bearing objects have been characterized centimeter regime. This work takes broad view large sample with Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations is selected previous Atacama (sub-)Millimeter (ALMA) surveys representative disks brightness and extent ....
Abstract Dust traps are the most promising mechanisms to explain observed substructures in protoplanetary discs. In this work, we present high-angular resolution (∼60 mas, 9.4 au) and high-sensitivity Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) observations at 3 mm of transitional disc around LkCa15. The new data, combined with previous high-resolution λ = 0.87, 1.3 mm, make LkCa15 an ideal laboratory for testing dust trapping mechanism. We found that width three rings decreases...
Abstract The key planet-formation processes in protoplanetary disks remain an active matter of research. One promising mechanism to radially and azimuthally trap millimeter-emitting dust grains, enabling them concentrate grow into planetesimals, is anticyclonic vortices. While observations have revealed crescent structures several disks, their kinematic signatures are still lacking. Studying the gas dynamics is, however, essential confirm presence a vortex understand its trapping properties....
Abstract The availability of exquisite data and the development new analysis techniques have enabled study emitting heights in protoplanetary disks. In this paper, we introduce a simple model linking height CO to disk surface density temperature structure. We then apply measurements conducted as part exoALMA, integrated with additional legacy from MAPS Large Programme, derive column densities profiles (assuming abundance) for total 14 A unique feature method measure is that it can be applied...
Abstract Turbulent gas motions drive planet formation and protoplanetary disk evolution. However, empirical constraints on turbulence are scarce, halting our understanding of its nature. Resolving signatures the large-scale perturbations driven by instabilities may reveal clues origin in outer regions planet-forming disks. We aim to predict observational such flows, as they would appear high-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations CO rotational lines, those...
The last decade has witnessed remarkable advances in the characterization of (sub-)millimeter emission from planet-forming disks. Instead, study (sub-)centimeter made more limited progress, to point that only a few exceptional disk-bearing objects have been characterized centimeter regime. This work takes broad view large sample with VLA observations is selected previous ALMA surveys representative disks brightness and extent. We report on detection flux at wavelengths 21 sources Taurus...
Multi-wavelength dust continuum observations of protoplanetary disks are essential for accurately measuring two key ingredients planets formation theories: the mass and grain size. Unfortunately, they also extremely time-expensive. We aim to investigate most economic way performing this analysis. benchmark characterization analysis on multi-wavelength disk models. test three different combinations bands (in 0.45 mm $\to$ 7.46 range) see how optically thick thin aid reconstruction properties...
Multi-wavelength dust continuum observations of protoplanetary disks are essential for accurately measuring two key ingredients planet formation theories: mass and grain size. Unfortunately, they also extremely time-expensive. Our aim is to investigate the most economic way performing this analysis by identifying optimal combination multi-band angular resolution that provides accurate results. We benchmarked characterization on multi-wavelength a compact disk model with shallow rings, an...
Element isotopic ratios are powerful tools for reconstructing the journey of planetary material from parental molecular cloud to protoplanetary disks, where planets form and accrete their atmosphere. Radial variations in disks reveal local pathways that can critically affect degree isotope fractionation material. We present spatially resolved profiles ^14N ^15N ^12C ^13C D/H HCN molecule PDS 70 disk, which hosts two actively accreting giant planets. ALMA observations H^13CN HC^15N DCN with a...
(Abridged) Exoplanetary research has provided us with exciting discoveries of planets around very low-mass (VLM) stars (e.g., TRAPPIST-1 and Proxima Centauri). However, current theoretical models strive to explain planet formation in these conditions do not predict the development giant planets. Recent high-resolution observations from ALMA disk CIDA 1, a VLM star Taurus, show substructures hinting at presence massive planet. We aim reproduce dust ring observed continuum emission Band 7 (0.9...
Protoplanetary disks emit radiation across a broad range of wavelengths, requiring multiwavelength approach to fully understand their physical mechanisms and how they form planets. Observations at submillimeter centimeter wavelengths can provide insights into the thermal emission from dust, free-free ionized gas, possible gyro-synchrotron stellar magnetosphere. This work is focused on CX Tau, ~0.4 M ⊙ star with an extended gas compact apparently structureless dust disk, average millimeter...