A5078209279- Marine animal studies overview
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Census and Population Estimation
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry
2014-2025
Trent University
2013-2024
ORCID
2024
Dalhousie University
2011
Parks Canada
2010
Wisconsin Disability Association
2004
Harvard University
1981
University of Guelph
1981
Polar bears (PBs) are superbly adapted to the extreme Arctic environment and have become emblematic of threat biodiversity from global climate change. Their divergence lower-latitude brown bear provides a textbook example rapid evolution distinct phenotypes. However, limited mitochondrial nuclear DNA evidence conflicts in timing PB origin as well placement species within versus sister lineage. We gathered extensive genomic sequence data contemporary polar, brown, American black samples,...
Loss of Arctic sea ice owing to climate change is the primary threat polar bears throughout their range. We evaluated potential response sea-ice declines by (i) calculating generation length (GL) for species, which determines timeframe conservation assessments; (ii) developing a standardized metric representing important habitat; and (iii) using statistical models computer simulation project changes in global population under three approaches relating bear abundance ice. Mean GL was 11.5...
Sea ice is declining over much of the Arctic. In Hudson Bay melts completely each summer, and advances in break-up have resulted longer ice-free seasons. Consequently, earlier implicated declines body condition, survival, abundance polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) Western (WH) subpopulation. We hypothesised that similar patterns would be evident neighbouring Southern (SH) examined trends 1980–2012 freeze-up dates within entire SH management unit smaller coastal zones. condition for...
Abstract Anthropogenic global warming is occurring more rapidly in the Arctic than elsewhere, and has already caused significant negative effects on sea ice‐dependent species such as polar bears. Although observed have thus far been gradual, large amount of annual variation climate system may cause habitat changes individual years that exceed long‐term trend. Such be below critical thresholds necessary for feeding result unprecedented reductions survival, reproduction, abundance some...
In this investigation a body-condition index (BCI) was developed for polar bears (Ursus maritimus), black americanus), and grizzly arctos), based on residuals from the regression of total body mass against linear measure size, straight-line length (SLBL). Transformation masslength data 1198 bears, 595 126 to natural logarithms resulted in relationship between length. However, differed that bears. SLBL had close positive with skeletal (bone) (n = 31) 33), validating use as an accurate size....
Summary 1. Population density is a critical ecological parameter informing effective wildlife management and conservation decisions. Density often estimated by dividing capture–recapture (C–R) estimates of abundance ( ) size the study area, but this relies on assumption geographic closure – situation rarely achieved in studies large carnivores. For geographically open populations overestimated relative to area because animals with only part their home range are available for capture. This...
In Hudson Bay, all the ice melts in summer, and last areas to be ice-free (around mid-to-late July) are usually off coasts of Manitoba Ontario. Thus, polar bears forced ashore fast until freeze-up November (ca. four months). Pregnant females remain for eight months. most years from 1963 through 1997, aerial surveys monitor bear populations were conducted along or part coastline between Cape Churchill, Manitoba, Henrietta Maria, Ontario, late August early September. Satellite data, which...
Abstract Long‐term physiological stress in individual animals may be an important mechanism linking ecological change with impaired wildlife population health. In the Southern Hudson Bay (SH) subpopulation of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ), increasing associated climate warming related to declining body condition. Accordingly, development tools assess long‐term this species prove invaluable for conservation efforts threatened population. The measurement hair cortisol concentration (HCC) has...
Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) occupy remote regions that are characterized by harsh weather and limited access. bear populations can only persist where temporal spatial availability of sea ice provides adequate access to their marine mammal prey. Observed declines in will continue as long greenhouse gas concentrations rise. At the same time, human intrusion pollution levels Arctic expected increase. A circumpolar understanding cumulative impacts current future stressors is lacking, long-term...
Managers of American black bears (Ursus americanus) must maintain populations to ensure viability and opportunities for sport harvest, minimize human–bear conflict (HBC). Harvest is a cost-effective management tool in most jurisdictions, intuitively it seems that with fewer bears, there should be conflicts. Therefore, managers may attempt achieve both objectives by manipulating the harvest. Further, because data describing harvest HBC are frequently collected, sometimes infer changes...
The Southern Hudson Bay polar bear (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) subpopulation is considered stable, but conflicting evidence lends uncertainty to that designation. Capture–recapture studies conducted in 1984–1986 and 2003–2005 an aerial survey 2011/2012 suggested abundance was likely unchanged since the mid-1980s. However, body condition size declined then, duration of sea ice decreased by about 30 days. Due information on status ongoing changes ice, we another 2016 determine whether had...
ESR Endangered Species Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsSpecials 32:19-33 (2017) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00779 Using tri-axial accelerometers identify wild polar bear behaviors A. M. Pagano1,2,*, K. D. Rode1, Cutting3, Owen4, S. Jensen5, J. V. Ware6, C. T. Robbins7, G. Durner1, Atwood1, E. Obbard8, R. Middel8, W. Thiemann9, Williams2 1US Geological Survey, Alaska Science...
Abstract Defining subpopulations using genetics has traditionally used data from microsatellite markers to investigate population structure; however, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP s) have emerged as a tool for detection of fine‐scale structure. In Hudson Bay, Canada, three polar bear Ursus maritimus ) (Foxe Basin FB ), Southern Bay SH and Western WH )) been delineated based on mark–recapture studies, radiotelemetry satellite telemetry, return marked animals in the subsistence...
The cumulative effect of individual‐level foraging patterns may have important consequences for ecosystem functioning, population dynamics and conservation. Dietary specialization, whereby an individual exploits a subset resources available to the rest population, can develop in response environmental or intrinsic factors. However, accurate assessment diets be difficult because analyses recent food intake misrepresent variability within heterogeneous environment. We used quantitative fatty...
We provide an expansive analysis of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) circumpolar genetic variation during the last two decades decline in their sea-ice habitat. sought to evaluate whether diversity and structure have changed over this period habitat decline, how current patterns compare with past patterns, demography ancient fluctuations climate. Characterizing using microsatellite data, we defined four clusters that largely correspond ecological oceanographic factors: Eastern Polar Basin,...
The processes leading to genetic isolation influence a population's local extinction risk, and should thus be identified before conservation actions are implemented. Natural or human-induced circumstances can result in historical contemporary barriers gene flow and/or demographic bottlenecks. Distinguishing between these hypotheses achieved by comparing diversity differentiation isolated vs. continuous neighboring populations. In Ontario, American black bears (Ursus americanus) continuously...
stitutional resource collections in herpetology and ichthyology. Copeia 1985(3):802-832. MYERS, C. W. 1974. The systematics of Rhadinaea (Colubridae), a genus New World snakes. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 153(1):1-262. SAVAGE, J. M. 1975. Systematics distribution the Mexican Central American stream frogs related to Eleutherodactylus rugulosus. 1975(2): 254-306. -, AND B. I. CROTHER. 1989. status Pliocercus Urotheca (Serpentes: Colubridae), with review included species coral snake mimics....
Many species experience large fluctuations in food availability and depend on energy from fat protein stores for survival, reproduction growth. Body condition and, more specifically, thus constitute key variables the life history of many species. Several indices exist to quantify body but none can provide amount stored energy. To estimate mammals, we propose a composition model that differentiates between structure storage an animal. We develop parameterize specifically polar bears (Ursus...
Abstract Spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) models are gaining popularity for estimating densities of mammalian carnivores. They use spatially encounter histories individual animals to estimate a detection probability function described by two parameters: magnitude ( g 0 ), and spatial scale (σ). Carnivores exhibit heterogeneous probabilities home range sizes, exist at low densities, so σ likely vary, but field surveys often yield inadequate data detect model the variation. We...