A5053753494- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Risk and Safety Analysis
- Occupational exposure and asthma
- Chemical Safety and Risk Management
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Robot Manipulation and Learning
- Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques
- Simulation Techniques and Applications
- Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety
- Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts
- AI in Service Interactions
- Field-Flow Fractionation Techniques
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Workplace Health and Well-being
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2001-2022
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1993-2021
Primary Source
2021
Trout Unlimited
2021
Office of the Director
2015-2020
University of Illinois Chicago
2019
Fisher College
2019
United States Department of Health and Human Services
2010
National Cancer Institute
1992-1994
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1980
Background Human exposure to silica dust is very common in both working and living environments. However, the potential long-term health effects have not been well established across different situations. Methods Findings We studied 74,040 workers who worked at 29 metal mines pottery factories China for 1 y or more between January 1, 1960, December 31, 1974, with follow-up until 2003 (median of 33 y). estimated cumulative (CDE) each worker by linking work history a job–exposure matrix....
The increasing use of robots in performing tasks alongside or together with human co-workers raises novel occupational safety and health issues. new 21st century workplace will be one which robotics plays an role. This article describes the complexity proposes a number recommendations for practice safe robotics.
The last five years marked a surge in interest for and use of smart robots, which operate dynamic unstructured environments might interact with humans. We posit that well-validated computer simulation can provide virtual proving ground many cases is instrumental understanding safely, faster, at lower costs, more thoroughly how the robots future should be designed controlled safe operation improved performance. Against this backdrop, we discuss help robotics, barriers currently prevent its...
Occupational exposure limits have traditionally focused on preventing morbidity and mortality arising from inhalation exposures to individual chemical stressors in the workplace. While central occupational risk assessment, limited application as a refined disease prevention tool because they do not account for all of complexities work non-occupational environments are based varying health endpoints. To be greater utility, other management tools could integrate broader consideration risks...
A cohort study of approximately 68,000 persons employed during 1972 to 1974 at metal mines and pottery factories in south central China was conducted evaluate mortality from cancer other diseases among workers exposed different levels silica dusts. follow-up subjects through December 31, 1989 revealed 6,192 deaths, a number close that expected based on Chinese national rates. There was, however, nearly 6-fold increase deaths pulmonary heart disease (standard ratio, 581; 95% confidence...
In an attempt to assess whether silica induces lung cancer, a nested case-control study of 316 male cancer cases and 1352 controls was carried out among pottery workers tungsten, copper-iron, tin miners from five provinces in south central China. Exposure dust for each subject evaluated quantitatively by cumulative exposure measures based on historical industrial hygiene records. Measurements confounders such as inorganic arsenic, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), radon were also...
Background Epidemiological evaluations of the risk silicosis in relation to exposure crystalline silica have raised question whether different types dust exposures vary with respect their ability cause silicosis. The aim this study is compare among cohorts dust-exposed Chinese tin miners, tungsten and pottery workers assess gravimetric measurements respirable sufficiently determine or other factors may play a significant role. Methods Cohorts were selected from 20 mines potteries. Inclusion...
Journal Article COAL MINERS EXPOSED TO DIESEL EXHAUST EMISSIONS Get access R. REGER, REGER National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Appalachian Laboratory Health944 Chestnut Ridge Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, U.S.A. Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. HANCOCK, HANCOCK HANKINSON, HANKINSON F. HEARL, HEARL MERCHANT The Annals of Hygiene, Volume 26, Issue 8, 1982, Pages 799–815, https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/26.8.799 Published: 01 December 1982
A study was conducted to determine if acute respiratory effects, measured in terms of changes forced vital capacity (FVC), expiratory volume one second (FEV1), and maximal flow rate at 50% (Vmax50), were related exposure diesel emissions coal miners. Sixty miners exposed 90 not tested before after a work shift for ventilatory function changes. Significant decrements did occur both groups who smoked cigarettes, but there no significant differences the between those either aggregate or under...
Abstract A quantitative retrospective exposure assessment method was developed for use in a nested case‐control study of lung cancer among mine and pottery workers exposed to silica dust the People's Republic China. Exposure carried out 20 mines (10 tungsten, 6 iron/copper, 4 tin) nine factories. job title dictionary used both collection historical information work histories 1,668 (316 cases 1,352 controls) subjects. Several data abstraction forms were collect current employees' histories,...
A gas sampler that operates on the principle of molecular diffusion was analyzed theoretically for its time dependent response. Applying Fick's second law and mathematical procedure separation variables Duhamel's superposition integral, a simple technique is developed to correct concentration measurements short term sampling estimate error when real-time transient atmospheres.
Recent high-profile infectious disease outbreaks illustrate the importance of selecting appropriate control measures to protect a wider range employees, other than those in healthcare settings. In such settings, where routine exposure risks are often high, may be more available, routinely implemented, and studied for effectiveness. absence evidence-based guidelines or established best practices measures, employers unduly rely on personal protective equipment (PPE) because its wide...
Abstract From 1979 to 1982, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a cross‐sectional exposure assessment mortality study of selected crushed stone facilities in United States. This was undertaken part address concerns that asbestos exposures could be occurring some operations due presence amphibole serpentine minerals. The investigation also designed characterize crystalline silica other mineral compounds. Nineteen operations, mining limestone, granite,...
Collaborative studies of Chinese workers, using over four decades dust monitoring data, are being conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Tongji Medical University in China. The goal these projects is to establish exposure–response relationships development diseases such as silicosis or lung cancer cohorts pottery mine workers. It necessary convert measurements respirable silica order make results from data comparable other literature.
In the USA, national worker protection legislation was enacted in 1970. The required that research, recommendations and guidance be developed to aid employers workers, workplace health safety standards adopted, employer comply with those rules government police compliance, assistance offered workers help them maintain a safe healthful workplace. 40 yr since passage of Occupational Safety Health Act 1970, injury, illness fatalities have declined but not been eliminated. Efforts accelerate...
To propose a framework for considering SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing of unexposed asymptomatic workers in selected workplaces.This is commentary based on established occupational safety and health principles, published articles, other pertinent literature, including non-peer-reviewed preprints medrixiv.org prior to April 16, 2021.Not applicable this commentary/viewpoint article.Antigen rapidly evolving useful public tool that can be used guide measures reduce spread the community workplaces....
Validations of retrospective methods assessment used in occupational epidemiological studies have rarely been published. This study is an indirect validation a quantitative exposure to silica nested case-control lung cancer among workers at 29 metal mines and pottery factories China. Indices cumulative total dust respirable were calculated by merging work histories with the historical profile for each subject. To validate indirectly cancer, trends response relation between two indices risk...
Abstract The high‐volume Andersen sampler was used to study the mutagenic activity of size‐fractionated airborne particles from ambient air in Morgantown, West Virginia. Mutagenicity studied by Ames Salmonella assay and bacterial fluctuation test dependent on particle size both systems, ie, greatest associated with smallest particles. Comparison two systems based identical aliquots each extract, cells prepared under conditions at same time, response a predetermined level statistical...
The year 2017 marked the 50th anniversary of NIOSH's Respiratory Health Division (RHD). RHD began in 1967 as Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Diseases (ALFORD), with a focus on coal workers' pneumoconiosis. ALFORD became part NIOSH 1971 and added activities to address work-related respiratory disease more generally. hazard evaluations played an important role understanding novel hazards such nylon flock, diacetyl, indium-tin oxide. Epidemiologic laboratory studies addressed many...
Objectives: To identify important background information on pooled tested of employees that employers workers, and health authorities should consider. Methods: This paper is a commentary based the review by authors pertinent literature generally from preprints in medrixiv.org prior to August 2020. Results/Conclusions: Pooled testing may be particularly useful communities with low prevalence COVID-19. It can used reduce number tests associated financial costs. For effective efficient consider...
Abstract The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted the Survey of Mining (NOHSM) over a 6-year period, which began in May 1984 ended August 1989. survey consisted four segments, with each segment covering different set mineral commodities. NIOSH successfully surveyed 491 mines across country during NOHSM survey. goal was to inventory characterize all health-related agents U.S. miners are potentially exposed. at request Mine Administration. This report...