The structure of the phase diagram for strong interactions becomes richer in presence a magnetic background, which enters as new control parameter thermodynamics. Motivated by relevance this physical setting current and future high-energy heavy-ion collision experiments cosmological QCD transitions, we use linear sigma model coupled to quarks Polyakov loops an effective theory investigate how chiral deconfining transitions are affected, present general picture temperature--magnetic field...

We show that in a sufficiently strong magnetic field the QCD vacuum may undergo transition to new phase where charged $ρ^\pm$ mesons are condensed. In this behaves as an anisotropic inhomogeneous superconductor which supports superconductivity along axis of field. directions transverse is absent. The magnetic-field-induced -- realized cold vacuum, i.e. at zero temperature and density consequence nonminimal coupling $ρ$ electromagnetic onset should also induce superfluidity neutral $ρ^0$...

The chiral magnetic effect is the generation of electric current quarks along external field in background topologically nontrivial gluon fields. There a recent evidence that this observed by STAR Collaboration heavy ion collisions at RHIC. In our paper we study qualitative signatures using quenched lattice simulations. We find indications indeed enhanced direction both equilibrium configurations quantum fields and smooth with nonzero topological charge. confinement phase enhances local...

Using an extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model as a low-energy effective of QCD, we show that the vacuum in strong external magnetic field (stronger than 10(16) T) experiences spontaneous phase transition to electromagnetically superconducting state. The unexpected superconductivity of, basically, empty space is induced by emergence quark-antiquark vector condensates with quantum numbers electrically charged rho mesons. possesses anisotropic inhomogeneous structure similar periodic Abrikosov...

We study the correlator of two vector currents in quenched $SU\lr{2}$ lattice gauge theory with a chirally invariant Dirac operator constant external magnetic field. It is found that confinement phase components current parallel to field decays much slower than absence field, while for other correlation length slightly decreases. apply maximal entropy method extract corresponding spectral function. In limit zero frequency this function yields electric conductivity theory. find induces...

The axial magneticeffect, i.e., the generation of an energy current parallel to magnetic field coupling with opposite signs left- and right-handed fermions, is a nondissipative transport phenomenon intimately related gravitational contribution anomaly. An emerges naturally in condensed matter so-called Weyl semimetals. We present measurable implementation effect. show that edge states semimetal at finite temperature possess dependent angular momentum direction vector potential intrinsic...

We study rotating fermionic matter at finite temperature in the framework of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. In order to respect causality rigidly system must be bound by a cylindrical boundary with appropriate conditions that confine fermions inside cylinder. show geometry MIT affects strongly phase structure model leading three distinct regions characterized explicitly broken (gapped), partially restored (nearly gapless) and spontaneously (gapped) phases at, respectively, small, moderate large...

In order to avoid unphysical causality-violating effects any rigidly rotating system must be bounded in directions transverse the axis of rotation. We demonstrate that this requirement implies substantial dependence properties relativistically on boundary conditions. consider a interacting fermions described by Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model space cylindrical surface finite radius. confine inside cylinder we impose "chiral" MIT conditions its surface. These are parameterized continuous chiral...

We discuss the effects of rotation on confining properties gauge theories focusing compact electrodynamics in two spatial dimensions as an analytically tractable model. show that at finite temperature, leads to a deconfining transition starting from certain distance axis. A uniformly rotating system possesses, addition usual confinement and deconfinement phases, mixed inhomogeneous phase which hosts spatially separated regions. The diagram thus has different temperatures. first temperature...

The relation between thermal transport and gravity was highlighted in the seminal work by Luttinger 1964, has been extensively developed to understand transport, most notably Hall effect. Here we review novel concepts that relate geometry of space-time quantum field theory anomalies. We give emphasis cross-pollination emergent ideas condensed matter, Weyl Dirac semimetals, understanding gravitational scale anomalies stemming from high-energy physics. finish relating recent experimental...

We present the results of first-principle numerical simulations Euclidean SU(3) Yang-Mills plasma rotating with a high imaginary angular frequency. The rigid rotation is introduced via ``rotwisted'' boundary conditions along imaginary-time direction. Polyakov loop in corotating reference frame shows emergence spatially inhomogeneous confining-deconfining phase through broad crossover transition. A mapping our to Minkowski spacetime suggests that gluon plasma, at real frequencies, produces...

Using first-principle numerical simulations of the lattice SU(3) gauge theory, we calculate isothermal moment inertia rigidly rotating gluon plasma. We find that unexpectedly takes a negative value below "supervortical temperature" Ts=1.50(10)Tc, vanishes at T=Ts, and becomes positive quantity higher temperatures. The indicates thermodynamic instability rigid rotation. derive condition stability vortical plasma show how it relates to scale anomaly magnetic condensate. rotational shares...

We show that a conformal anomaly in Weyl and Dirac semimetals generates bulk electric current perpendicular to temperature gradient the direction of background magnetic field. The associated conductivity this novel contribution Nernst effect is fixed by beta function with charge renormalization material. discuss experimental feasibility proposed phenomenon.

The effect of uniform rotation on the equation state gluodynamics has been studied in lattice simulation. To this end, system considered corotating reference frame, where can be modeled as an external gravitational field. free energy case sufficiently slow expanded a power series angular velocity. moment inertia given by second-order coefficient expansion calculated and its dependence temperature dimensions rotating determined. Our results indicate that is negative up to T * ~ 1.5 c ,...

Confinement in non-Abelian gauge theories is commonly ascribed to percolation of magnetic monopoles, or strings the vacuum. At deconfinement phase transition condensed degrees freedom are released into gluon plasma as thermal monopoles. We point out that within picture, lattice simulations can be used estimate monopole content plasma. show right above critical temperature density remains a constant function temperature, liquid, and then grows, gas.

We compute the QCD phase diagram in plane of chiral chemical potential and temperature using linear sigma model coupled to quarks Polyakov loop. The accounts for effects imbalanced chirality due sphaleron transitions which may emerge heavy-ion collisions. found three caused by potential: (i) tightens link between deconfinement transitions; (ii) lowers common critical temperature; (iii) strengthens order transition converting crossover into strong first passing via second end-point. Since...

Recently it was shown that vacuum in a background of strong enough magnetic field becomes an electromagnetic superconductor due to interplay between and forces. The superconducting ground state the is associated with spontaneous emergence quark-antiquark condensates which carry quantum numbers charged $\ensuremath{\rho}$ mesons. $\ensuremath{\rho}$-meson condensate inhomogeneous structure made so-called vortices, are parallel axis. condensation mesons induces (much weaker) superfluid-like...

We study the machine learning techniques applied to lattice gauge theory's critical behavior, particularly confinement/deconfinement phase transition in SU(2) and SU(3) theories. find that neural network, trained on configurations of fields at an unphysical value parameters as input, builds up a gauge-invariant function, finds correlations with target observable is valid physical region parameter space. In particular, if algorithm aimed predict Polyakov loop deconfining order parameter, it...

The thermodynamics of rigidly rotating systems experience divergences when the system dimensions transverse to rotation axis exceed critical size imposed by causality constraint. with imaginary angular frequency, suitable for numerical lattice simulations in Euclidean imaginary-time formalism, experiences fractalization thermodynamic limit, system's pressure becomes a fractal function frequency. Our work connects two phenomena studying how fractalizes as grows. We examine an...

Using first-principle numerical simulations, we find a new spatially inhomogeneous phase in rigidly rotating Nc=3 gluon plasma. This mixed simultaneously possesses both confining and deconfining phases thermal equilibrium. Unexpectedly, the local critical temperature of transition at rotation axis does not depend on angular frequency within few percent accuracy. Even more surprisingly, an analytic continuation our results to domain real frequencies indicates profound breaking...

We discuss the negativity of moment inertia (quark-)gluon plasma in a window “supervortical” range temperatures above deconfining phase transition, <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mrow><a:mi>T</a:mi><a:mo>≃</a:mo><a:mo stretchy="false">(</a:mo><a:mn>1</a:mn><a:mo>…</a:mo><a:mn>1.5</a:mn><a:mo stretchy="false">)</a:mo><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>T</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mrow><a:mi>c</a:mi></a:mrow></a:msub></a:mrow></a:math>, found recently numerical Monte Carlo...

Abstract In this paper, we consider the effect of interactions on local, average polarization a quantum plasma massless fermion particles characterized by vector, axial, and helical numbers. Due to axial vortical effects, perturbations in vector charge rotating can lead chiral transfer along direction vorticity vector. At same time, between constituents dissipation through helicity-violating pair annihilation (HVPA) processes anomaly. We will discuss separately QED-like plasma, which ignore...