As hypothesized, data from 170 employees of a Dutch firm showed that the quality leader-member exchange mediated positive relationships between mastery orientation and leader-rated in-role job performance, innovative satisfaction. In contrast, performance was negatively related or unrelated to those outcomes. These findings suggest with stronger orientations are more effective on because they tend establish higher-quality exchanges their supervisors. Important recurring questions in...

Research on social comparison processes has assumed that a in given direction (upward or downward) will lead to particular affective reaction. In contrast, the present two studies proposed and found can produce either positive negative feelings about oneself, independent of its direction. Several factors moderated tendency derive affect from upward downward comparisons. Study 1, cancer patients low self-esteem with perceived control over their symptoms illness were more likely see...

In this study, we used Karasek’s demand-control-support model to determine whether either job control or social support both can reduce signs of fatigue and simultaneously enhance intrinsic motivation among employees facing high demands. Survey data on 555 nurses suggest that in particular reduces highly demanding jobs, whereas levels instrumental produce elevated motivation, regardless the level order become successful even more successful, today’s work organizations need maximize use their...

When conducting research on burnout, it may be difficult to decide whether one should report results separately for each burnout dimension or combine the dimensions. Although multidimensionality of concept is widely acknowledged, purposes sometimes convenient regard as a unidimensional construct. This article deals with question and when appropriate treat variable, presents decision rule distinguish between people high low in burnout. To develop guideline obtaining dichotomous measure scores...

In two studies, individuals' dominant achievement goals were assessed using a new, simple, and conceptually precise measure based on Elliot McGregor's (2001) 2 x framework. Next, the four groups compared in terms of achievement-relevant variables, including need for achievement, perfectionism, perceived competence, interest, graded performance. As expected, very high percentage (approximately 85%) people indicated they had goal. Furthermore, results suggest that individuals with different...

In the present study, two models were tested that can improve understanding of link between participation in decision‐making and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). Model 1, it is assumed perceived supervisory support mediates OCB. 2, commitment presented as mediator variable. The sample ( N = 142) was drawn from employees 10 departments a medium‐sized trade company Netherlands. To reliability results, data subjected to multilevel analyses. Because no observed OCB, 2 rejected....

Employing a sample of 214 individuals, this study showed that most individuals felt the input/outcome ratio in their marital relationship was better than same-sex others (referential comparisons) but equal to spouse (relational comparisons). Perceptions superiority referential comparisons and equity relational were accompanied by highest level satisfaction. However, further analyses only for high exchange orientation related satisfaction low were, overall, more satisfied with relationship....

This prospective study was designed to identify psychological factors that predict career success in professional adult soccer. Post hoc, two groups were distinguished: (1) Male soccer players who successfully progressed into ( n = 18) and (2) did not reach this level 47). Differences between the examined on basis of data gathered initial phase their careers, 15 years earlier. The predicted while statistically controlling for performance demographic variables goal commitment, engagement...

Abstract This longitudinal study was aimed at illuminating some fundamental problems with respect to the application of equity theory in intimate relationships. First relationship between perceived and satisfaction tested, next it ascertained whether inequity produces dissatisfaction or vice versa. A second issue addressed present global assessments represent type calculation made by subject all relevant inputs outcomes. Finally, elements subjects take into consideration when they respond a...

The present research examines the impact of achievement goals on task-related information exchange. Studies 1 and 2 reveal that relative to those with mastery or no goal, individuals pursuing performance were less open in their giving exchange partners. Study further clarifies this effect by showing generate an exploitation orientation toward Furthermore, people enhanced task utilizing more high-quality obtained from partner (Study 1) protected rigorously disregarding received low-quality 2).

We examined the relations between achievement goals and cheating in two studies. The findings from Study 1 show that extent to which people intend behave unethically areas of work, sport education is a function their dominant these particular settings. An even more important addition extant literature may be finding 2 imposing on individuals affects actual behaviour during task performance. Consistent across both studies, performance‐based (i.e. grounded an inter personal standard) were...

Abstract Two experiments focused on examining the influence of mastery‐avoidance goals performance improvement, and more specifically, grounded in an intra personal standard. That is, herein, entail striving to avoid doing worse than one has done before . Both demonstrated that a multiple‐trial context, are deleterious for improvement relative mastery‐approach, performance‐approach, performance‐avoidance goals, no goal baseline. The findings were shown be independent participants'...

Individuals’ willingness to remain in their organizations contributes workforce stability and organizational effectiveness. Working from the notion that different leadership styles encourage followers self-regulate distinct ways, we propose regulatory fit between followers’ self-regulatory preferences may reduce turnover intentions. Corroborating our reasoning, a survey study showed transformational reduced intentions for highly promotion-focused followers, whereas transactional...

The purpose of this research was to meta-analyze studies which experimentally induced an achievement goal state examine its causal effect on the individual's performance at task hand, and investigate moderator effects feedback anticipation time pressure. data set comprised 19 papers, 79 individual sizes, 3,482 participants. Performance measures represented across a variety tasks. findings indicate that relative avoidance goals (either performance-avoidance or mastery-avoidance goals),...

Purpose Despite their growing popularity among organisations, satisfaction with activity-based work (ABW) environments is found to be below expectations. Research also suggests that workers typically do not switch frequently, or at all, between different activity settings. Hence, the purpose of this study answer two main questions: Is switching behaviour related ABW environments? Which factors may explain behaviour? Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire data provided by users ( n =...

It has been proposed that emotional competencies are subject to age-related increases and, thus, represent strengths of older workers. However, this assumption is based on limited evidence for positive age differences in one particular competency, namely emotion regulation. Age-related two other key competencies, perception and understanding, have largely ignored. The present review systematically examines the extant literature associations between perceive, understand, regulate emotions....

Generativity entails both the motive and behavior to support guide younger people benefit "future generations." Given its relevance for work career outcomes, research on generativity in context has accumulated over last three decades. To synthesize this work, we developed a conceptual model based generativity, lifespan, resource, motivation theories conducted meta-analysis (k = 48, N 15,356). The results show that is positively related person-related (e.g., age, tenure, agency communion,...

Athletes are exposed to various psychological and physiological stressors, such as losing matches high training loads. Understanding improving the resilience of athletes is therefore crucial prevent performance decrements or physical problems. In this review, conceptualized a dynamic process bouncing back normal functioning following stressors. This has been wide interest in psychology, but also physiology sports science literature (e.g. load recovery). To improve our understanding...

This study explored the extent to which negative health-related outcomes are associated with differences between work groups and individuals within using R.A. Karasek's (1979) demands-control model. The sample consisted of 260 employees in 31 working a national bank Netherlands. Results suggest that job demands control should be conceptualized as having both group- individual-level foundations. Support for model was found only when these variables were split into 2 parts, reflecting shared...

A refined exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect (EVLN) typology (Farrell, 1983) was examined. It argued that the category of voice responses, is, attempts to improve situation, should be divided into two forms: considerate aggressive voice. Considerate consists solve problem taking account one's own concerns as well those organization, efforts win, without consideration for organization. In line with Farrell (1983), all categories behavioral responses were assumed differ on dimensions, namely,...