Emerging electronic health record models present numerous challenges to care systems, physicians, and regulators. This article provides explanation of some the reasons driving development record, describes two national (currently developing in United States Australia) one distributed, personal model. The US Australian are contrasted their different architectures ("pull" versus "push") approaches patient autonomy, privacy, confidentiality. also discusses professional, practical, legal that...

Abstract Serotonin Transporter ( 5HTT or SLC6A4 ) mRNA transcription is regulated by both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Unfortunately, despite intense scrutiny, the exact identity contribution of each these regulatory mechanisms, their relationship to behavioral illness remain unknown. This lack knowledge critical because alterations in function are posited be central a wide variety CNS disorders. In order address this shortcoming, we quantified 5HTTLPR genotype, production CpG...

Objective: To examine epigenetic processes linking childhood sex abuse to symptoms of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in adulthood and investigate the possibility that link between deoxyribonucleic acid methylation at 5HTT promoter might represent a pathway long-term impact on ASPD. Method: Deoxyribonucleic was prepared from lymphoblast cell lines derived 155 female participants latest wave Iowa Adoptee Study. Methylation 71 CpG residues determined by quantitative mass spectroscopy,...

Abstract In recent years, the role of epigenetic phenomenon, such as methylation, in mediating vulnerability to behavioral illness has become increasingly appreciated. One prominent locus at which phenomena are thought be play is monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) locus. order examine methylation this locus, we performed quantitative analysis across promoter region gene lymphoblast lines derived from 191 subjects participating Iowa Adoption Studies (IAS). We analyzed resulting data with respect...

There is a growing body of data indicating that Gene x Child Maltreatment interactions at monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) play role in vulnerability to symptoms antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) but not major depression (MD). Using sample 538 participants from the Iowa Adoption Studies, we introduce conceptual model highlights two distinct pathways child maltreatment MD, suggesting has different effects depending on genotype and highlighting importance including indirect pathway through...

Alcoholism has a profound impact on millions of people throughout the world. However, ability to determine if patient needs treatment is hindered by reliance self-reporting and clinician's capability monitor patient's response challenged lack reliable biomarkers. Using genome-wide approach, we have previously shown that chronic alcohol use associated with methylation changes in DNA from human cell lines. In this pilot study, now examine peripheral mononuclear gathered subjects as they enter...

Prior work using lymphoblast DNA prepared from 192 subjects the Iowa Adoption Studies (IAS) demonstrated that decreased MAOA promoter methylation was associated with lifetime symptom count for nicotine dependence (ND) and provided suggestive evidence amount of is genotype dependent. In current investigation, we replicate extend these prior findings in three ways another 289 IAS same methodologies. First, show dependent on smoking status. Second, introduce a factor analytic approach to...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with comorbid psychiatric diagnoses and antisocial behaviors that contribute to criminality, yet studies of ADHD in offenders are few. The authors evaluate a random sample 319 using version the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Medical Outcome Survey Health Survey. was present 68 subjects (21.3%). Offenders were more likely report problems emotional social functioning have higher suicide risk scores ( p < .001)....

The objective of this study was to quantify the relative contributions gender and traumatic life experience psychiatric disorders in a sample 320 offenders entering state prison. Women were more likely than men report events personal family mental health treatment histories; meet criteria for posttraumatic stress, borderline personality, eating disorders. People reporting experiences those not so have histories mood, anxiety, psychotic, antisocial personality disorders, as well elevated...

Mobile medical apps (MMAs) are a fast‐growing category of software typically installed on personal smartphones and wearable devices. A subset MMAs aimed at helping consumers identify mental states and/or illnesses. Although this is fledgling domain, there already enough extant health both to suggest typology detail some the regulatory issues they pose. As former, current generation includes those that facilitate self‐assessment or self‐help, connect patients with online support groups,...

ABSTRACT Aim Studies have shown that people experiencing early phase psychosis (EPP) are at increased risk for criminal conviction and incarceration. However, there is limited data looking overall legal burden. To address these gaps in the literature, goal of this study was to categorise charges convictions using United States Federal Bureau Investigation (FBI) uniform crime reporting (UCR) program, assess frequency incarcerations, describe substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses its...

Aim A number of studies have shown that genetic variation at GABRA2 alters vulnerability to alcohol dependence. The exact identity the causal variant(s), and relationship these variants other forms substance use behavioral illness is, however, uncertain. Objective Therefore, we genotyped 516 individuals from Iowa Adoption Studies, a large longitudinal case control adoption study use, 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms encompassing locus analyzed them with respect their lifetime history three...

Abstract Major depression (MD) is often associated with disturbances of the hypothalamic/pituitary/thyroid (HPT) axis. Unfortunately, whether this association secondary to common underlying genetic variation or MD‐associated in HPT function are chronic state‐dependent unknown. To examine these questions, we genotyped 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified previous genome wide analyses thyroid DNA contributed by 1,555 subjects from three longitudinal ethnically diverse studies that...

Methods. Data were obtained from a longitudinal study sample of 754 adoptees and categorized based on review the available adoption agency, medical, psychiatric records biological parents. Categorical data analyzed using χ2 or Fisher's exact tests, as appropriate. Logistic regression analyses used to assess relative contribution variables.Results. There was not statistically significant difference in frequency type self-reported adult disruptive behavior, arrests, jail stays, felony conduct...

Abstract Transcriptional profiling has been used to identify gene expression patterns indicative of general medical illnesses such as atherosclerosis. However, whether these methods can common psychiatric disorders not established. To answer this question with respect nicotine use, we genome‐wide lymphoblast cell lines from six actively smoking Iowa Adoption Studies (IAS) subjects and nine “clean” control subjects, followed by real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR) in derived RNA 94 the IAS. As compared...

Though the medical and mental health morbidity of incarcerated offenders has been discussed in a number recent reports, very few data have published concerning problems facing those on community corrections supervision. In this study utilizing residential facilities, we found that frequencies substance use disorders, other exceeded and, some cases, were higher than individuals. Of particular concern high traumatic brain injury, anxiety states, suicidal ideation, prior self-harm. While level...