There is fine-scale spatial heterogeneity in key vegetation properties including leaf-area index (LAI) and biomass treeless northern peatlands, hyperspectral drone data with high spectral resolution could detect the patterns accuracy. However, advantage of has not been tested a multi-source remote sensing approach (i.e. inclusion multiple different datatypes); overall, sub-meter-level maps have largely absent. We evaluated detectability LAI at boreal fen (Halssiaapa) Finland multi-temporal...

The industry is providing vehicles with advanced features and technologies that allows to connect communicate their nearby environment. These technologies' umbrella term, Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) are aimed enhance road traffic efficiency, safety assist the drivers in multiple ways. C-ITS communication system should be able offer functional benefits different sets of use-cases, each having a particular sub-set requirements. In this paper some relevant use-case...

In a vehicular environment, accurate and real-time weather information forecast with, road condition are key elements when improving the safety. The communication can be conducted with short-range networking, based on IEEE 802. lip. Nowadays also cellular 4G upcoming 5G have been considered as media. this paper, we comparing measurements 802.11 p, to similar pilot network. We performed set of scenarios p ITS-G5 4G/5G networks. used test network LTE Release 14, (LTE) for system level...

Winter conditions are dominating the road traffic platform in Northern Scandinavia, as availability must be ensured regardless of amount snow, surface slipperiness or such kind events. Weather services play an important role successful operations, especially areas, where weather vary substantially. Intelligent Road project is contributing towards tackling this challenge and aims to support development business community Scandinavian region by safety provision via vehicular networking based...

The European Eureka/Celtic Plus project CoMoSeF (Co-operative Mobility Services of the Future) aims to create co-operative mobility solutions (including devices and applications), feasible for large scale deployment. In practice this means combined vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), communication system employing interactive example services related safety weather information exchange. paper we present FMI (Finnish Meteorological Institute) approach employ CoMoSef...

The development of 5G is taking steps forward to solve the communication challenges future. One main application areas benefit from intelligent traffic and vehicular communication. This paper discusses recent advances in piloting novel road weather safety services. services considered exploit extensive observation data, which transmission enabled by a communications architecture. purpose provide enhancements users, maintenance operations as well 3 <sup...

Abstract. Vehicular-networking- and especially safety-related wireless vehicular services have been under intensive research for almost a decade now. Only in recent years has road weather information also acknowledged to play an important role when aiming reduce traffic accidents fatalities via intelligent transport systems (ITSs). Part of the progress can be seen as result Finnish Meteorological Institute's (FMI) long-term work Sodankylä within topic, originally started 2006. Within...

Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) is continuously studying the possibilities to improve intelligent traffic and road weather monitoring related safety services by innovative use of C-ITS methodologies. 5G other advanced communication systems are elemental part C-ITS, giving way autonomous vehicle remote sensing among things. Autonomous vehicles in particular have been seen FMI as an especially -dependent actor, benefiting from special tailored for driving. This has adapted one research...

Winter conditions are dominating the road traffic platform in Northern Scandinavia, and weath er services play an important role successful winter operations. Intelligent Road project is contributing towards tac kling this challenge aims to support development of bu siness community Scandinavian region by safety provision via vehicular networking based i n Nordic weather conditions. FMI's combined Weather Station (RWS)/Road Side Unit (RSU) acting as a central infr astructural element such...

Recent advancements in wireless communication, distributed computing, and sensing technologies, as well cybersecurity are enabling new digital services solutions for vehicles other road users. Digital safety can help to improve optimize maintenance, enable automated traffic, especially, challenging weather conditions. This paper presents the progress towards experimentation piloting of four -focused use cases their underlying technical enablers. The also introduces approach used piloting,...

In recent years, casualties from pedestrian accidents caused by vehicles is bit problematic. A comprehensive structure comprising of stochastic models, a responsive mechanism and typical scenarios using pedestrian-to-infrastructure (P2I) vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication suggested to increase safety. Nonetheless, it uncertain what's the optimum way transfer data Vehicle/Infrastructure pedestrians vice versa. this article we are presenting prototype for P21 I2P with help Pedestrian...

The vehicular industry is going through an evolutionary phase of rapid scientific and technical development. It provides assistance for C-ITS (Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems) that connects vehicles roadside infrastructure i.e., Road Weather stations (RWS) pedestrian. This to offer efficient safe road transport system. Globally, the incorporation ITS using DSRC (Dedicated Short-Range Communications) standard ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) known as ITS-G5....

Accidents involving heavy road vehicles are often destructive, causing operational losses, human casualties, infrastructure and negative environmental impacts. The risk is especially high in wintertime traffic. Eureka Xecs SafeTrucks-project (Heavy traffic safety improvements by advanced dynamics weather services) develops real-time vehicle-specific services tailored to each vehicle, based on the vehicle’s own sensor observations combined with data from service systems an analysis of...

Business Finland 6G Visible project’s objective is the development of 6G-era service and architecture solutions utilizing autonomous semi-autonomous driving, with both physical logical computational elements use cases for real-life verification validation. Finnish Meteorological Institute focusing especially on weather safety related services vehicles. We are tailoring our road special needs keeping in mind that vehicle more sensitive to harsh winter conditions benefit from accurate...

Accidents involving heavy road vehicles are often destructive, causing operational losses, human casualties, infrastructure and negative environmental impacts. The risk is especially high in wintertime traffic. Eureka Xecs SafeTrucks project (Heavy traffic safety improvements by advanced dynamics weather services) develops real-time vehicle-specific services tailored to each vehicle, based on the vehicle’s own sensor-based observations combined with data from service systems an analysis of...

Business Finland 6G Visible project’s objective is the development of 6G-era service and architecture solutions utilizing autonomous semi-autonomous driving, with both physical logical computational elements use cases for real-life verification validation. Finnish Meteorological Institute focusing especially on weather- safety-related services vehicles. We are tailoring our road weather special needs keeping in mind that vehicles more sensitive to harsh winter conditions benefit from...

Wireless communication in the traffic with Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is growing into elemental part of entity. Entirely new types safety and convenience services can be offered directly to vehicular environment, enhancing considerably safety. Vehicles also make their own observations, further developing accuracy these services. It obvious that security ITS needs ensured. The environment (of vehicles, roadside units core systems) one entity Co-operative Cyber-Physical (CO-CPS)....

Abstract Modern societies are built on good road infra-structure and efficient transport system. Safety is a high-priority consideration in development of traffic systems. In recent years the weather information has become becomes very vital for safety because slippery roads key source accidents northern regions Europe, America Canada as well. this article we presenting test experiences pilot related services by executing set Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication scenarios using IEEE...

In order to conduct successful long-term service and system architecture development, permanent infrastructures development environment are essential. For this purpose, FMI is operating a vehicle winter testing track with advanced communication capabilities within ITS-G5 5G test network, along accurate road weather data services supported by stations, IoT sensor network on-board measurements. The in Sodankylä, Northern Finland, where the long arctic period of more than half year allows (and...

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Autonomous driving can be challenging especially in winter conditions when road surface is covered by icy and snow or visibility low due to precipitation, fog blowing snow. These harsh weather set up very important requirements for the guidance systems of autonomous cars. In normal cars drive without limitations but otherwise speed must reduced, safety distances increased ensure on roads.&amp;amp;#160;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Autonomous needs precise real-time...