Abstract Aim Stacked species distribution models (SDMs) are an important step towards estimating richness, but frequently overpredict this metric and therefore erroneously predict which comprise a given community. We test the idea that developing hypotheses about accessible area priori can greatly improve model performance. By integrating dispersal ability via into SDM creation, we address often‐overlooked facet of ecological niche modelling. Innovation limiting training transference areas...

Essential genes and species incompatibilities Crosses between two fruit fly species, Drosophila melanogaster D. simulans , result in hybrid progeny that are all female. Although some of the responsible for this barrier known, full complement molecular determinants lead to inviable males has remained mysterious. Phadnis et al. used mutagenesis a sequencing-based genomic screen link inviability cell cycle. The from an interaction three genes, one which is essential, precluded its...

Evolutionary dynamics of abiotic ecological niches across phylogenetic history can shed light on large-scale biogeographic patterns, macroevolutionary rate shifts, and the relative ability lineages to respond global change. An unresolved question is how best represent reconstruct evolution these complex traits at coarse spatial scales through time. Studies have approached this by integrating comparative methods with niche estimates inferred from correlative other models. However, for...

The Congo Basin rainforest and adjacent Lower Guinea Forest constitute the second largest tract of lowland tropical in world. As with rest continent, human population is increasing rapidly forest degradation ubiquitous. through logging has pervasive negative effects on ecosystems, but selective considered less impactful than clearcutting. Recent research Afrotropical shows that certain avian species guilds are more affected by others (e.g., specialist insectivores such as followers Dorylus...

Species invasions represent a significant dimension of global change yet the dynamics remain poorly understood and are considered rather unpredictable. We explored interannual invasion process in Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) tested whether advance front species North America relates to centrality (versus peripherality) within its estimated fundamental ecological niche. used niche modelling approaches estimate dimensions on Old World distribution species, then transferred...

Abstract Reconstructing ecological niche evolution can provide insight into the biogeography and diversification of evolving lineages. However, comparative phylogenetic methods may infer history inaccurately because (a) species' niches are often poorly characterized; (b) rely on summary statistics rather than full estimates environmental tolerances. Here, we propose a new framework for coding reconstructing their that explicitly acknowledges incorporates uncertainty introduced by incomplete...

Understanding how species attain their geographical distributions and identifying traits correlated with range size are important objectives in biogeography, evolutionary biology biodiversity conservation. Despite much effort, results have been varied general trends slow to emerge. Studying pools that occupy specific habitats, rather than clades or large groupings of occupying diverse may better identify ranges correlates be more informative for conservation programmes a rapidly changing...

Ecological niche divergence is generally considered to be a facet of evolution that may accompany geographic isolation and diversification in allopatry, contributing species' evolutionary distinctiveness through time. The null expectation for any two diverging species conservatism, wherein populations do not rapidly shift or adapt novel environments. Here, I test ecological widespread, pan-American lineage, the avian genus martins (

In this work, we propose and assess the potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool for facilitating public engagement around clean energy sources. Such an application could increase literacy—an awareness low-carbon sources among therefore leading to increased participation in decision-making about future systems. We explore use AI communicate technical information general public, specifically realm nuclear energy. explored 20 AI-powered text-to-image generators compared...

Abstract Africa’s montane ecosystems are noteworthy not only for their isolation but morphologically similar bird populations that inhabit geographically disparate localities. Many species possess range disjunctions in excess of 2,000 km and appear to represent have been isolated since at least the last Ice Age, including Northern Double-collared Sunbird (Cinnyris reichenowi). Recent work on other Afromontane birds has demonstrated substantial phylogeographic structure can exist...

Deep-sea wood-boring xylophagaid bivalves are thought to ingest only wood and use nitrogen fixed by their symbiotic microbes. Reconsidering this assumption, we tested whether d13C d15N isotopic values of ten species in four genera collected between 18 m 4626 depth suggest that some may different trophic strategies. Isotopic signatures six were entirely consistent with predicted xylophagy, but species, three members the Xylophaga dorsalis clade Abditoconus heterosiphon, had over 3.7‰,...

Macroevolutionary patterns, often inferred from metrics of community relatedness, are used to ascertain major evolutionary processes shaping communities. These patterns have been shown be informative biogeographic barriers, habitat suitability and invasibility (especially with regard environmental filtering), regions that function as cradles (i.e., sources diversification) or museums reduced extinction). Here, we analyzed continental datasets mammal bird distributions identify primary...

Hybridization is a known source of morphological, functional and communicative signal novelty in many organisms. Although diverse mechanisms established novel ornamentation have been identified natural populations, we lack an understanding hybridization effects across levels biological scales upon phylogenies. Hummingbirds display structural colours resulting from coherent light scattering by feather nanostructures. Given the complex relationship between nanostructures they produce,...

In the early 1980s, Erdős and Sós initiated study of classical Turán problem with a uniformity condition: uniform density hypergraph <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper H"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">H</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is infimum over all alttext="d"> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi>...

Place-prioritization analyses are a means by which researchers can translate information on the geographic distributions of species into quantitative prioritizations areas for biodiversity conservation action. Although several robust algorithms now available to support this sort analysis, their vulnerability biases deriving from incomplete and imbalanced distributional is not well understood. In contribution, we took well-sampled group (i.e., Icteridae or New World blackbirds) in an...

Phylogeographic analyses have hypothesized that Sclerurus (Furnariidae) populations of the rufous-throated clade (S. rufigularis and S. mexicanus sensu lato) a long history evolutionary isolation, particularly within complex (Tawny-throated Leaftosser). Although it has been recognized should be split into two or more species, choosing between alternative species-delimitation schemes is much less clear due to minimal understanding phenotypic variation distributional range limits. We explored...

Ecogeographic analyses have recovered common environmental trends with respect to morphology; however discrepancies among exist. Hypothesized reasons for these divergences vary, but most relate a taxon's morphology its ecological niche. Morphology is known diverge when species co‐occur competitors or predators and occur across different habitats environments. A less understood divergence from ecogeographic niche fixation, wherein become locked into particular niches due their community...

The forest swallow Petrochelidon fuliginosa is a little‐known species endemic to lowland forests in central Africa; for lack of access high‐quality genetic material, the has been omitted from all previous molecular phylogenetic studies swallows. currently placed genus , within ‘mud‐nester’ clade swallows, yet its plumage, morphology, and nesting behavior do not align well with those other major lineages. As consequence, upon securing recent specimens tissue samples, we sequenced DNA two...

IoT drives the future of Connected Cars including smart cars and it will transform way we interact with our vehicles. With emergence millions connected in horizon, wireless infrastructure needed to support this capability has scale efficiently. To better understand impact on resource utilization core infrastructure, provide a detailed statistical model control plane/signaling interactions cars. Specifically, is based 40K sample data set spanning more than 2100 vehicles collected over 20...

The Afromontane mountains are a complex series of highlands that have intermittently been connected by habitat corridors during climatic cycles, resulting in mosaic range disjunctions and allospecies complexes the present day. Patterns community relatedness between geographic regions often determined through single-species analyses or spatial diversity nestedness at species level. To understand patterns evolution to assess effects taxonomy on our understanding biogeographic patterns, I...

In this work, we propose and assess the potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) to generate public engagement around clean energy sources. Such an application could increase literacy -- awareness low-carbon sources among therefore leading increased participation in decision-making about future systems. We explore use AI communicate technical information general public, specifically realm nuclear energy. explored 20 AI-powered text-to-image generators compared their individual...

Ecological niche divergence is generally considered to be a facet of evolution that may accompany geographic isolation and diversification in allopatry, contributing species’ evolutionary distinctiveness through time. The null expectation for any two diverging species conservatism, wherein populations do not rapidly shift or adapt novel environments. Here, I test ecological widespread, pan-American lineage, the avian genus martins ( Progne ). includes migrant resident species, as well...