We study, both analytically and numerically, the cascade of failures in two coupled network systems A B, where multiple support-dependence relations are randomly built between nodes networks B. In our model we assume that each node one can function only if it has at least a single support link connecting to functional other network. B have (i) sizes ${N}^{A}$ ${N}^{B}$, (ii) degree distributions connectivity links ${P}^{A}(k)$ ${P}^{B}(k)$, (iii) ${\mathrm{P\ifmmode \tilde{}\else...

We propose a ``nonconsensus'' opinion model that allows for stable coexistence of two opinions by forming clusters agents holding the same opinion. study this nonconsensus on lattices, several complex networks, and real-life social network. find displays phase transition behavior characterized large spanning cluster nodes appearing when concentration (even minority) is above certain threshold. Because clustering (community support) opinion, these cannot be invaded other (similar to...

We investigate the emergence of extreme opinion trends in society by employing statistical physics modeling and analysis on polls that inquire about a wide range issues such as religion, economics, politics, abortion, extramarital sex, books, movies, electoral vote. The surveys lay out clear indicator rise views. precursor is nonlinear relation between fraction individuals holding certain view includes also moderates, e.g., those who are "very conservative" versus "moderate to very ones....

This work investigates life cycle costing analysis as a tool to estimate the cost of hydrogen be used fuel for Hydrogen Fuel Cell vehicles (HFCVs). The method and economic data are considered centralised decentralised production processes. In current study, two major methods considered, methane reforming water electrolysis. frameworks defined production, transportation final application. results show that via is financially viable future transport applications. ownership HFCVs shows highest...

Abstract In the circular economy era, this study addresses sustainable business management for high-investment and long-life cycle projects, where accurate reliable assessments are crucial to ensuring successful outcomes. The objective is elevate reliability of by introducing a novel decision-making method that, first time, integrates time-based satisfaction risk factors simultaneously. We propose 3-phase multi-criteria (MCDM) method, which combines fuzzy MCDM comprising analytic hierarchy...

In a network, we define shell $\ell$ as the set of nodes at distance with respect to given node and $r_\ell$ fraction outside $\ell$. transport process, information or disease usually diffuses from random reach after shell. Thus, understanding structure is crucial for study property networks. For randomly connected network degree distribution, derive analytically distribution average residing function $r_\ell$. Further, find that follows an iterative functional form...

We introduce the concept of boundary a complex network as set nodes at distance larger than mean from given node in network. study statistical properties seen networks. find that for both Erdős-Rényi and scale-free model networks, well several real boundaries have fractal properties. In particular, number B follows power law probability density function which scales B-2. The clusters formed by are fractals with dimension df≈2. present analytical numerical evidences supporting these results...

We employ a concept popular in physics —the Zipf rank approach— order to estimate the number of years that EU members would need achieve "convergence" their per capita incomes. Assuming trends past twenty continue hold future, we find after t≈30 both developing and developed countries indexed by i will have comparable values gross domestic product . Besides traditional approach also propose weighted method. In contrast block, on world level shows that, between 1960 2009, cross-country income...

Few phrases evoke more negative emotion, or generate media coverage, than ‘shark attack’ despite the few deaths that have been attributed to shark bite. Typically, tabloids are considered provide sensational coverage broadsheets. We investigated how sharks and shark–human interactions were portrayed in four major Australian newspapers during a period of record number attacks waters. There was strong focus on human risk from sharks, over-reportage aspects. Thirty incidents recorded: two...

Purpose This study examines the role of online customer reviews through text mining and sentiment analysis to improve satisfaction across various services within UK banking sector. Additionally, analyses trends over a five-year period. Design/methodology/approach Using DistilBERT Support Vector Machine algorithms, sentiments were assessed an 20,137 Trustpilot HSBC, Santander, Tesco Bank from 2018 2023. Data pre-processing steps implemented ensure data integrity minimize noise. Findings Both...

Shark attacks have increased globally and are one of the most widely reported human-wildlife conflicts. Reflecting global trends, number recorded has in Australian waters. Whether positively or negatively affected, stakeholders potentially often pressure authorities to mitigate economic human risks when developing shark management policies. This article used discourse analysis review how attitudes toward approaches were attributed newspapers a range stakeholders. The frequently journalists...

In light of the 2011 Fukushima disaster, recent discussion has focused on finding best nuclear storage options, maximizing oversight power global institutions, and strengthening safety measures. addition to these, development dependable liability coverage that can be tapped in an emergency is also needed should considered thoughtfully. To succeed, financing essential using special-purpose instruments from bond market, which as big US$175 trillion. Thus, this paper, for first time, a...

The financing of the 2011 Fukushima disaster and U.K. Hinkley nuclear power plant investment, respectively by Japanese, Chinese governments private sector, provide a strong motivation for this paper to explore deeper concept modeling pricing catastrophe (N-CAT) risk bonds. Because magnitude potential liabilities reinvestments needed, demand develop dependable liability coverage product that can be triggered in case emergency is required more than ever, it should considered thoroughly. Thus,...

Diagnostic testing on entry to university provides an opportunity for students ascertain individual strengths and weaknesses allows course teams gain insight into the competencies of whole cohort. Coventry University has been using same diagnostic test since 1991 a previous analysis showed coming in 2001 were performing considerably worse than their counterparts 1991. Given changes A level Mathematics that have taken place recently implemented reforms UK, it is timely review performance...

A Reply to the Comment by Arsalan Sattari, Maya Paczuski, and Peter Grassberger.Received 8 June 2012DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.079802© 2012 American Physical Society