A5052749945- RNA Research and Splicing
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Heat shock proteins research
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Biotechnology and Related Fields
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Science, Research, and Medicine
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- RNA regulation and disease
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Biomedical Ethics and Regulation
Case Western Reserve University
2012-2022
University School
2006-2020
University of Regina
1993-2007
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2002-2006
University of Arizona
2002-2006
University of British Columbia
2002
University of Copenhagen
1993
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
1991
High-throughput gene expression analysis has revealed a plethora of previously undetected transcripts in eukaryotic cells. In this study, we investigate >1,100 unannotated yeast predicted to lack protein-coding capacity. We show that majority these RNAs are enriched on polyribosomes akin mRNAs. Ribosome profiling demonstrates many bind translocating ribosomes within open reading frames 10–96 codons size. validate peptides encoded subset and provide evidence for conservation among species....
Summary In Escherichia coli , 5′‐terminal stem–loops form major impediments to mRNA decay, yet conditions that determine their effectiveness or the use of alternative decay pathway(s) are unclear. A synthetic hairpin stabilizes rpsT sixfold. This stabilization is dependent on efficient translational initiation and ribosome transit through at least two‐thirds coding sequence past a RNase E cleavage site in mRNA. Insertion 12–15 residue ‘ectopic’ from either rne leader 9S pre‐rRNA into...
Processing bodies (P-bodies) are subcellular ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules that have been hypothesized to be sites of mRNA degradation, translational control, and/or storage. Importantly, P-bodies conserved from yeast mammals and contain a common set evolutionarily protein constituents. dynamic structures their formation appears fluctuate in correlation with alterations metabolism. Despite these observations, little is understood about how P-body formed within the cell. In this study, we...
Nonsense‐mediated RNA decay (NMD) represents an established quality control checkpoint for gene expression that protects cells from consequences of mutations and errors during biogenesis lead to premature termination translation. Characterization NMD‐sensitive transcriptomes has revealed, however, NMD targets not only aberrant transcripts but also a broad array mRNA isoforms expressed many endogenous genes. is thus emerging as master regulator drives both fine coarse adjustments in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) represents a eukaryotic quality control pathway that recognizes and rapidly degrades transcripts harbouring nonsense mutations to limit accumulation of non-functional potentially toxic truncated polypeptides. A critical component the NMD machinery is UPF1, an RNA helicase whose ATPase activity essential for NMD, but which precise function site action remain unclear. We provide evidence ATP hydrolysis by UPF1 required efficient translation termination...
Mutants deficient in orotate utilization (initially termed out mutants) were isolated by selection for resistance to 5-fluoroorotate (FOA), and the mutations of 12 independently obtained isolates found map at 79 80 min on Salmonella typhimurium chromosome. A gene complementing was cloned sequenced possess extensive sequence identity characterized genes C4-dicarboxylate transport (dctA) Rhizobium species inferred be dctA Escherichia coli. The mutants unable utilize succinate, malate, or...
Recognition and rapid degradation of mRNA harboring premature translation termination codons (PTCs) serves to protect cells from accumulating non-functional potentially toxic truncated polypeptides. Targeting PTC-containing transcripts is mediated by the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway requires a conserved set proteins including UPF1, an RNA helicase whose ATPase activity essential for NMD. Previously, we identified functional interaction between NMD machinery terminating ribosomes...
Expression of the Salmonella typhimurium pyrC and pyrD genes is regulated in response to fluctuations intracellular CTP/GTP pool ratio. The repressive mechanism involves formation a stable secondary structure (hairpin) at 5' ends transcripts that precludes translational initiation by sequestering sequences required for ribosomal binding. potential hairpin controlled through CTP/GTP-modulated selection transcriptional start site. Substitution nucleotides region has revealed point vivo depends...
An important step in mRNA biogenesis is the export of from nucleus to cytoplasm. In this work, we provide evidence that previously uncharacterized gene APQ12 functions nucleocytoplasmic transport Saccharomyces cerevisiae . First, apq12 Δ strains manifest 3′ hyperadenylated similar other characterized RNA mutants. Second, bulk poly(A) + retained cells. Third, an Apq12p–GFP chimeric protein localized nuclear periphery. Fourth, cells stabilized, consistent with a defect rate export....
Scientists from all over the world gathered this past June in Tucson, Arizona, for a FASEB-sponsored meeting organized by George Mackie (Univ. of British Columbia) and Roy Parker Arizona) highlighting new developments area posttranscriptional gene regulation mRNA degradation. The researchers attendance represented two biological realms, eubacteria eukaryotes, while molecular players, pathways, turnover these phyla are clearly distinct, recurrent themes were unmistakable. Regardless organism,...
Abstract Nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay is a highly conserved pathway that degrades mRNAs with premature termination codons. These include transcribed from nonsense or frameshift alleles as well wild‐type signals direct ribosomes to terminate prematurely. This unit describes techniques monitor steady‐state levels, rates, and structural features of targeted by this pathway, in vivo analysis suppression allosuppression the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Protocols for cap status, 5′ 3′...
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress, caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins in ER, elicits a homeostatic mechanism known as Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). The UPR reprograms gene expression to promote adaptation chronic ER stress. comprises an acute phase involving inhibition bulk protein synthesis and transcriptional induction coupled with partial recovery synthesis. However, role regulation is not well understood. Here we analyzed fate newly synthesized mRNA encoding protective...
An active site mutant bovine prothrombin cDNA (Ser528—-Ala) has been constructed, subcloned, and expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The recombinant prothrombin, at the level of 1.5-2.0 micrograms/ml cell medium, was fully carboxylated (9.9 +/- 0.4 mol gamma-carboxyglutamic acid/mol prothrombin). could be activated to thrombin by Taipan snake venom meizothrombin ecarin a manner comparable native or wild-type prothrombin. thus formed stable did not autolyze. initial rate cleavage...
GSC15 AbstractsLita ProctorGSC15p01 The trans-NIH Microbiome Working Group (TMWG)Lita ProctorNational Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USACorrespondence: lita.proctor@nih.govKeywords: microbiome, trans-NIH, working groupProgram session: Development Resources, Tools or Databases Related to the GSC MissionAbstractIn recent years, interest in microbiome has greatly increased. A newly established group NIH extramural program staff representing 14 and Centers (ICs) with a common formed...
Expression of the Salmonella typhimurium pyrD gene was found to be repressed two-fold when cells were grown in presence hypoxanthine. Purine-mediated repression evident for reporter plasmids containing pyrD-lacZ transcriptional or translational fusions, indicating that regulation being exercised at level initiation. In a strain harbouring purR6::Tn10 mutation inactivating purine regulon repressor (PurR), expression not by Gel retardation experiments provided evidence PurR binds PUR box...