Since independence and over the years, pesticides have become a dominant feature of Bangladesh agriculture. To protect farmers' health, environment to improve sustainability chemical pest control quantitative understanding behavior in pesticide use is critical. However, study on levels knowledge awareness farmers practices are often limited. We conducted broad analysis effects as well influence different associated stakeholders such retailers government, from detailed survey 917 agricultural...

The aim of this paper is to check the effect salinity on bioremediation process petroleum hydrocarbons in saline-alkaline soil. In study, soil was adjusted different levels by water leaching method and conducted for 28 days. Soil pH increased after decreased during process. At initial time, moderate enhanced biodegradation addition microbial consortium not effective enhancing degradation rate hydrocarbons. day days, higher found treatments with more times a maximum value 42·36%....

Abstract We studied the role of plant primary and secondary metabolites in mediating plant-insect interactions by conducting a no-choice single-plant species field experiment to compare suitability, enzyme activities, gene expression Oedaleus asiaticus grasshoppers feeding on four host non-host plants with different chemical traits. O. growth showed positive relationship food nutrition content negative compounds content. Grasshopper amylase, chymotrypsin, lipase activities were positively...

Abstract Pinus massoniana, a conifer of significant economic and ecological value in China, is renowned for its wide adaptability oleoresin production. We sequenced assembled the chromosomal-level P. massoniana genome, revealing 80,366 protein-coding genes gene family expansions associated with stress response plant–pathogen interactions. Long-intron genes, which are predominantly presented low-copy families, strongly linked to recent long terminal repeat burst genome. By reanalyzing...

Livestock grazing can affect insects by altering habitat quality; however, the effects of years and intensities on insect abundance trophic level during manipulative sheep are not well understood. Therefore, we investigated these in a large experiment from 2014 to 2016 eastern Eurasian steppe, China. Insect decreased as increased, with significant cumulative effect occurring years. The largest families, Acrididae Cicadellidae, were susceptible grazing, but Formicidae was tolerant. Trophic...

Experimental focal glomerulosclerosis is a model of chronic proteinuric renal disease that has been induced in both rats and mice. In mice, the adriamycin (ADR)induced nephropathy robust experimental analogue human [1]. Renal injury ADR-induced characterized by changes tubulointerstitial glomerular compartments. Within interstitium, there an increase interstitial volume, tubular atrophy, collagen deposition increased numbers CD4þ T cells, CD8þ cells macrophages mice with established...

Abstract Identifying genomic regions influenced by natural selection provides fundamental insights into the genetic basis of local adaptation. However, it remains challenging to detect loci under complex spatially varying selection. We propose a deep learning-based framework, DeepGenomeScan, which can signatures demonstrate that DeepGenomeScan outperformed principal component analysis- and redundancy analysis-based genome scans in identifying underlying quantitative traits subject spatial...

Abstract Background Natural enemy abundance in a crop plot depends on its prey presence and also influenced by habitats close to field. Landscape changes are important factors driving pest natural population specific Examining these kinds of effects insect pests or biocontrol agents, as well analysis their functional food webs, would be asset make fruitful management programme at local scales. Therefore, this study was undertaken evaluate the impact surrounding landscape predators rice...

Abstract Oedaleus asiaticus Bey. Bienko is a significant grasshopper pest species occurring in north Asian grasslands. Outbreaks often result loss grasses and economic losses. Interestingly, we found this was mainly restricted to Stipa -dominated grassland. We suspected may be related the dominant species, krylovii Roshev, hypothesized that S. contributes optimal growth performance population distribution of O. . A 4 year investigation showed density positively correlated above-ground...

Abstract Studies on grasshopper diets have historically employed a range of methodologies, each with certain advantages and disadvantages. For example, some methodologies are qualitative instead quantitative. Others require long experimental periods or examine population-level effects, only. In this study, we used real-time PCR to individual grasshoppers. The method has the advantage being both fast Using two species, Oedaleus asiaticus Dasyhippus barbipes , designed ITS primer sequences for...

Oedaleus asiaticus B. Bienko is a persistent pest occurring in north Asian grasslands. We found that O. feeding on Stipa krylovii Roshev. had higher approximate digestibility (AD), efficiency of conversion ingested food (ECI), and digested (ECD), compared with cohorts Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel, Artemisia frigida Willd., or Cleistogenes squarrosa Keng. Although this indicated high utilization for S. krylovii, the physiological processes molecular mechanisms underlying these biological...

While ecological adaptation in insects can be reflected by plasticity of phenotype, determining the causes and molecular mechanisms for phenotypic (PP) remains a crucial still difficult question ecology, especially where control insect pests is involved. Oedaleus asiaticus one most dominant Inner Mongolia steppe represents an excellent system to study plasticity. To better understand factors affecting grasshopper its control, we conducted full transcriptional screening O. grasshoppers reared...

Landscape diversity is one of the key drivers for maintaining ecosystem services in agricultural production by providing vital habitats and alternative food sources beneficial insects pollinators within landscapes. The landscape structure, land uses, differ between geographic locations. However, how changes structure use affect arthropod a area poorly understood. Here, we tested impact on rice locations Bangladesh. Results ranged from highly diversified to very Chattogram (>7.9),...

Abstract Climate change-induced salinity intrusion into agricultural soils is known to negatively impact crop production and food security. However, the effects of increase on plant–herbivore–natural enemy systems repercussions for pest suppression services are largely unknown. Here, we examine increased communities rice (Oryza sativa), brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, green mirid bug (GMB), Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, under greenhouse conditions. We found that elevated...

Livestock grazing can trigger outbreaks of insect pests in steppe ecosystems Inner Mongolia China. However, the physiological responses grasshopper Chorthippus albonemus to are not well understood. Here we investigated effects sheep on population dynamics and transcriptomic response C. albonemus. We collected insects three times (about 20 days apart) 1.33-ha plots which there were no grazing, light moderate heavy or overgrazing. Our results showed that continuous significantly decreased...

The grasshopper Oedaleus asiaticus Bey-Bienko (Acrididae: Oedipodinae) is a dominant and economically important pest that widely distributed across the Mongolian plateau. This herbivore causes major damage to grassland of Inner steppe in China. population dynamics pests affected by management practices (e.g., mowing heavy livestock grazing) alter plant community structures stoichiometric characteristics. For example, O. outbreak closely associated with preference changes caused nitrogen loss...

Abstract Geographic patterns of human genetic variation provide important insights into evolution and disease. A commonly used tool to detect geographic from data is principal components analysis (PCA) or the supervised linear discriminant (DAPC). However, features produced both approaches could fail correctly characterize population structure for complex scenarios involving admixture. In this study, we introduce Kernel Local Fisher Discriminant Analysis Principal Components (KLFDAPC), a...

Abstract Genetic variations in a species across geographic areas typically exhibit spatial clines. There is increasing interest inferring population genetic structure to understand the patterns of variation and evolution species. Here, we present da package propose infer using discriminant analysis (DA). We incorporate five supervised learning approaches (DAPC, LDAKPC, LFDA, LFDAKPC KLFDA) into within same DA family, but with different linear nonlinear properties. tested performance...

Identifying genomic regions under selection is essential for understanding the genetic mechanisms driving species evolution and adaptation. Traditional methods often fall short in detecting complex, spatially varying signals. Recent advances deep learning, however, present promising new approaches uncovering subtle signals that traditional might miss. In this study, we utilized learning framework DeepGenomeScan to detect signatures across 15 bovine populations worldwide. Our analysis...

Abstract Precopulatory courtship plays an essential role in the insemination process and influences postcopulatory behavior between males females. Male precopulatory oral stimulation of female genitals is rare for invertebrates. Here, we describe intriguing sexual a cryptic desert beetle Platyope mongolica Faldermann. The repeatedly contact female's using their mouths to gain consent mate. Furthermore, rate at which relates copulation success series observations. However, interference...

Geographic patterns of human genetic variation provide important insights into evolution and disease. A commonly used tool to detect describe them is principal component analysis (PCA) or the supervised linear discriminant components (DAPC). However, features produced from both approaches could fail correctly characterize population structure for complex scenarios involving admixture. In this study, we introduce Kernel Local Fisher Discriminant Analysis Principal Components (KLFDAPC), a...