Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) contribute largely to the burden of health in South Africa and are recognized as major contributors human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Young women particularly vulnerable STIs. The purpose this secondary analysis was examine risk factors associated with prevalent incident STIs among who had participated three clinical trials.A total 5,748 were screened 2293 sexually active, HIV negative, non-pregnant enrolled trials Kwazulu-Natal, Africa....

The association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and incident sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in a cohort of high-risk women from Durban, South Africa was investigated this study. We undertook secondary analysis the Methods for Improving Reproductive Health trial that assessed effectiveness latex diaphragm lubricant gel on HIV prevention among women. During study visits, urine specimens were collected testing Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis Trichomonas vaginalis presence...

It is well documented that the mucosal linings of female genital tract (FGT) usually provides a robust barrier protects against sexually acquired infections. However, to best our knowledge there are limited South African studies have investigated association between damage and acquisition HIV We hypothesize in this cohort women, higher rate seroconversions will be observed for women who present with evidence damage. undertook secondary analysis Methods Improving Reproductive Health Africa...

Despite efforts to control the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), these are still highly prevalent in developing world, especially Africa where prevalence and incidence Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is also very high. Unfortunately, women bear disproportionate burden both STIs HIV this region. Early diagnosis, treatment prevention therefore crucial population given strong evidence that some have been shown facilitate transmission HIV. This review summarizes epidemiology,...

Background Inflammation is indicated as one of the factors that play a role in development schizophrenia, with several studies having found considerable inconsistencies their results. Few have investigated inflammation primary psychosis blood and cerebrospinal fluids simultaneously, aim this study being to investigate expression fluid inflammatory cytokines treatment-naive first-episode psychotic participants. Methods analysis This combined cross-sectional prospective observational study,...

Background. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a significant public health problem especially among women of reproductive age in Africa. Methods. A total 2236 that had enrolled the MDP301 vaginal microbicide trial were tested for presence Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhea (NG), Treponema pallidum, and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). Results. CT was identified as most prevalent STI (11%) followed by TV (10%), NG, Syphilis (3%). The highest prevalence coinfection...

We aimed to estimate the individual and joint impact of age, marital status diagnosis with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on HIV acquisition among young women at a population level in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A total 3,978 seronegative were recruited for four biomedical intervention trials from 2002–2009. Point interval estimates partial attributable risk (PAR) used quantify proportion seroconversions which can be prevented if combination factors is eliminated target...

Untreated sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis (BV) pose a serious health risk to mother child. Limited data exist on the use of BD Affirm™ VPIII assay as point-of-care test (POCT). The performance was compared with Max™ vaginal for diagnosis BV, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) Candida spp. A total 273 pregnant women were enrolled in this study had provided two self-collected swabs. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative value prevalence calculated....

The World Health Organization estimates that 536 million people aged 15-49 are infected with Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), the causative agent of genital herpes. aim this study was to investigate role behavioral and demographic factors contribute high HSV-2 sero-prevalence among women participating in a HIV prevention trial. Methods for Improving Reproductive Africa (MIRA) assessed effectiveness latex diaphragm lubricant gel on South Zimbabwe. At screening an interviewer administered...

Background. The Afinion AS100 analyser is a small bench-top, multi-assay, point-of-care (POC) that able to measure glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid levels. Objective. To assess performance of the compared with reference laboratory test for measurement HbA1c Method. study involved men women enrolled in cross-sectional study, Sexual health, HIV infection comorbidity non-communicable diseases among Older Persons (SHIOP), which was conducted from February May 2016. Whole blood drawn...

We evaluated a point-of-care test for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in patients attending public health clinic KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The showed low sensitivity against PCR and culture (<40%); however, higher specificity was observed (>95%). This is unsuitable as screening tool gonorrhea.

There is a lack of data on the burden Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected pregnant women in South Africa. We conducted cross-sectional study which included 385 HIV-infected attending antenatal clinic at King Edward VIII Hospital Durban, The provided vaginal swabs were tested for C. N. gonorrhoeae. prevalence individual STIs was as follows: (47/385, 12.2%) (16/385, 4.1%). Having circumcised partner, testing positive gonorrhoeae,...

Background. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with high-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes. There a proposed bidirectional relationship between hrHPV and vaginal microbial diversity. This study investigated the association BV bacteria in women co-infected Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) hrHPV. Methods. Stored cervical cytobrush samples were used for real time PCR detection of eight bacteria. Analysis detected against infection, socio-demographics HIV data conducted R Statistical computing...

Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) is the etiological agent of common non-viral sexually transmitted infection (STI), trichomoniasis. TV can inherently harbour Mycoplasma hominis and virus (TVV) species. Endosymbiosis with M. TVV may contribute to metronidazole resistance in this pathogen. This study determined prevalence TVVs across clinical isolates TV, as well symbiosis between TVV, relation resistance. Methodology: Twenty-one were analysed study. The subjected drug susceptibility...

There are insufficient data on the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in pregnant women South Africa. The present study aims to determine T. (TV) and identify risk factors associated with this pregnancy. This was a cross-sectional which included 362 attending antenatal clinic at King Edward VIII Hospital Durban, A self-collected vaginal swab provided by enrolled for laboratory diagnosis real-time polymerase chain reaction. protozoan load determined as logarithm gene copies per...

Women in sub-Saharan Africa continue to be at greater risk for HIV acquisition than men. Concurrency, viz. multiple sexual partnerships that overlap over time, has been studied as a possible factor transmission. The aim of this study was identify predictors perceived male partner concurrency among sexually active, negative women. Socio-demographic and behavioural data from women enrolled biomedical prevention clinical trial were assessed relation using the Chi squared test. Univariate...

Introduction: Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma parvum have been recently linked to sexually transmitted diseases other conditions. There are a limited number of studies conducted on South African pregnant women that assessed the prevalence risk factors for genital mycoplasmas. Methodology: This study included 264 HIV infected attending King Edward VIII antenatal clinic in eThekwini, Africa. DNA was extracted using PureLink Microbiome kit pathogens were detected TaqMan Real-time PCR assays....

The escalating antibiotic resistance rates in Neisseria gonorrhoeae ( N. ) are now a grave concern. There is critical need for alternative treatment options infection since has developed to multiple antibiotics used treatment. In this study, plant nanoemulsions from Ocimum tenuiflorum , Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica were tested their antimicrobial properties against gonorrhoeae. study also assessed the toxicity of these using human erythrocytes. plants sourced Botanical Gardens...