Bioplastics are currently and increasingly used as substitutes of conventional plastics; furthermore, they mainly utilised in order to cope with problems related plastic-based pollution. Certified international standard methods identify the criteria a bioplastic must comply be labelled compostable and/or biodegradable. In addition, this is particularly case when operating under conditions that expected full-scale waste facilities. However, biodegradation natural environments occurs manifold...

"Fossetto" landfill (Monsummano Terme - Tuscany, Italy) started operation in 1988 as a controlled accepting mixed municipal solid waste collected without any attempt of recycling. Then, progressively, following the evolution state-of-the-art, it adopted biogas extraction and valorisation systems mechanical-biological treatment for incoming (both since 2003). Finally, 2006, plant is performed on-site reverse osmosis leachate with concentrated being recirculated back into body. Recently new...

Citrus-processing industries produce large volumes of wastewater (CPWW). The variability these coupled to physicochemical characteristics CPWW determine severe constraints for their disposal due both economic and environmental factors. To minimize the management costs prevent negative ecological impacts CPWW, several systems have been proposed adopted. However, all treatment/valorization routes many issues that are not yet thoroughly known by scientific community stakeholders...

The valorization of orange peel waste (OPW) is sought worldwide mainly via anaerobic digestion. A common problem encountered during the biological treatment seasonality its production and presence d-Limonene. latter a typical anti-microbial compound. This work aims to evaluate effect use granular activated carbon (GAC) combined with alkaline pretreatment enhance methane generation semi-continuous digestion OPW. experimental design consisted two groups experiments, B. Experiment was designed...

Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) is an emerging biomass that has the potential to be used as substrate in anaerobic digestion. The goal of this work was investigate effect three pretreatment techniques (thermal, alkaline, acidic) on chemical composition and methane yield OFI biomass. A composite experimental design with factors two levels implemented, regression modelling employed using a total 10 biochemical (BMP) tests. measured yields ranged from 289 604 NmL/gVS added ; according results, only...

The management of municipal solid wastes represents one the biggest challenges for actual implementation circular economy. While main "dry" fractions (such as plastics and paper) can be easily recycled, treatments both valorisation organic waste disposal leachate (produced by landfilling unsorted waste) often turn out to inadequate expensive. Particularly, is a critical issue since mature landfill (MLL) must treated decades even after closure. In this study, an innovative approach proposed...

The COVID-19 pandemic posed challenges to pre-crisis waste management systems. In this study, two sequential scenarios were identified and compared investigate the quantitative environmental impacts of induced changes in generation residual municipal (RMW) provincial territories (PTPU, PTMC) Marche region (Central Italy, Adriatic Sea side). implied, 2020 (COVID-19 scenario), reductions RMW preceding year, 2019 (Pre-COVID-19 which limited −3.9 −1.9% PTPU PTMC, respectively. Life cycle...

In order to overcome anaerobic digestion (AD) inhibition due the large nitrogen content of swine wastewater (SW), air stripping (AS) and other chemical physical pretreatments were applied on raw SW before AD. The efficiency these both ammonia removal—recovering salts be used as fertilizers in agriculture—and increase methane production assessed batch tests. Since pH, temperature, flow rate heavily influence AS composition treated SW, parameters set individually or combination. more detail,...

The chemical composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in landfill gas from municipal waste (MW) landfills primarily depends on the type degrading waste. To provide first insights into relationship between VOC chemistry (in gas) and specific components, a lab-scale experiment anaerobic digestion (AD) green (GW) was carried out. released C4+ VOCs semi-quantitatively determined indirectly compared to that generally expected for overall MW gas. generated biogas GW during AD time showed...

This study evaluates the depuration efficiency of a combined system consisting lagoons (with aerated and non-aerated tanks) CWs Typha latifolia L.) working at pilot scale for treating SW under two recirculation rates (RRs, 4:1 10:1) CW effluent. The removed about 99% total suspended solids organic matter, from 80% to 95% nitrogen both tested RRs. lagoon was effective as pre-treatment SW, particularly removal. It is convenient adopt higher RR, since removal can be increased by approximately...

Abstract Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests are the most reliable method for direct evaluation of yield from a specific feedstock in anaerobic digestion. However, these time-consuming (about 1 month) and quite expensive (need no less than two or three replicates). This study evaluates accuracy “first-order kinetic”, “logistic” “Gompertz” models predicting BMP values, calibrating models’ parameters with data collected shorter (i.e., 5, 7, 10, 14 21 days) usually (28 days more)....

In the Marche Region (Central Italy), residual municipal waste (RMW) is commonly processed in mechanical biological treatment (MBT) systems. these systems, following a first selection, undersize organic fraction from RMW (us-OFRMW) undergoes partial aerobic before being landfilled as biostabilised (bios-OFRMW) without dedicated energy or material recovery. Alternative us-OFRMW management scenarios have been elaborated for this region, at both present (reference year 2019) and future 2035)...

The uncontrolled disposal of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) is hazardous for the health water and soil, since this shows low pH high contents organic matter polyphenols (PP). Lagooning one most common treatment systems agro-industrial (such as OMW), due to its cost easy management. Aeration allows reducing depuration time, which a constraint system. Despite potential feasibility, literature about OMW lagooning not abundant. Moreover, effects aeration rates, concentration nitrogen shortage...

Orange peel (OP), the main residue of citrus industry, is usually used for animal feeding and soil fertilisation if more advanced options are lacking. In areas with warm dry climatic conditions, OP land-spread solar-drying on fields, leachate produced a potential pollution factor especially due to release organic matter; heavy rainfalls could even aggravate hazard. Since literature does not report any quantitative evaluation this risk, study presents three drainage tests in lysimeters, where...

Presently, adsorption/absorption is one of the most efficient and cost-effective methods to clean oil spill up. In this work, self-supporting paper-like fibrous membranes were prepared via electrospinning carbonisation at different temperatures (500, 650 or 800 °C) by using polyacrylonitrile/polymethylmethacrylate blends with a mass ratio two polymers (1:0, 6:1 2:1). After morphological microstructural characterisation, as-produced evaluated as sorbents immersion in vegetable (sunflower seed...