In this paper we present the results of a roleplay survey instrument administered to 1001 online respondents study both relationship between demographics and phishing susceptibility effectiveness several anti-phishing educational materials. Our suggest that women are more susceptible than men participants ages 18 25 other age groups. We explain these demographic factors through mediation analysis. Educational materials reduced users' tendency enter information into webpages by 40% percent;...

In this paper we discuss a screening process used in conjunction with survey administered via Amazon.com's Mechanical Turk. We sought an easily implementable method to disqualify those people who participate but don't take the study tasks seriously. By using two previously pilot tested questions, identified 764 of 1,962 did not answer conscientiously. Young men seem be most likely fail qualification task. Those that are professionals, students, and non-workers more task seriously than...

Between 1960 and 2004, the proportion of Americans meeting standard criteria for obesity increased from 13 percent to 31 (Katherine M. Flegal et al. 2002), it has been proposed that, if this trend is not reversed, may soon overtake smoking as leading preventable cause death (Ali H. Mokdad 2004). Consequently, now one major causes rising health care costs (Eric A. Finkelstein, Christopher J. Ruhm, Katherine Kosa 2005). Empirical analyses suggest that an increase in caloric intake, rather than...

Phishing emails are semantic attacks that con people into divulging sensitive information using techniques to make the user believe is being requested by a legitimate source. In order develop tools will be effective in combating these schemes, we first must know how and why fall for them. This study reports preliminary analysis of interviews with 20 non-expert computer users reveal their strategies understand decisions when encountering possibly suspicious emails. One reasons may vulnerable...

Success in slowing obesity trends would benefit from policies aimed at reducing calorie consumption. In a field experiment fast-food sandwich chain, we address the effects of providing information, mimicking recent legislation, and test an alternative approach that makes ordering healthier slightly more convenient. We find information reduces intake. Providing daily target does as well, but only for non-overweight individuals. Making healthy choices convenient intake when intervention is...

Journal Article Teen Expectations for Significant Life Events Get access BARUCH FISCHHOFF, FISCHHOFF Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ANDREW M. PARKER, PARKER WÄNDI BRUINE DE BRUIN, BRUIN JULIE DOWNS, DOWNS CLAIRE PALMGREN, PALMGREN ROBYN DAWES, DAWES CHARLES F. MANSKI Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 64, Issue 2, August 2000, Pages 189–205, https://doi.org/10.1086/317762 Published: 01 2000

Computer security warnings are intended to protect users and their computers. However, research suggests that these might be largely ineffective because they're frequently ignored. The authors describe a mental model interview study designed gain insight into how advanced novice computer perceive respond warnings. Developers can leverage the approaches of design more effective for users.

When financial decisions have consequences beyond the immediate future, individuals' economic success may depend on their ability to forecast rate of inflation. Higher inflation expectations been reported by individuals who are female, poorer, single and less educated. Our results suggest that these demographic differences in be partially explained variations expectation formation literacy. Specifically, higher were focused more how cover future expenses prices they pay (rather than US rate)...

Tools that aim to combat phishing attacks must take into account how and why people fall for them in order be effective. This study reports a pilot survey of 232 computer users reveal predictors falling emails, as well trusting legitimate emails. Previous work suggests may vulnerable schemes because their awareness the risks is not linked perceived vulnerability or useful strategies identifying In this survey, we explore what factors are associated with role-play exercise. Our data suggest...

We designed and tested attractors for computer security dialogs: user-interface modifications used to draw users' attention the most important information making decisions. Some of these were purely visual, while others temporarily inhibited potentially-dangerous behaviors redirect salient information. conducted three between-subjects experiments test effectiveness attractors.

In this paper I describe how a narrative approach to science communication may help audiences more fully understand is relevant their own lives and behaviors. The use of prescriptive scientific can overcome challenges specific concepts, especially the need reconsider long-held beliefs in face new empirical findings. Narrative captivate audience, driving anticipation for plot resolution, thus becoming self-motivating vehicle information delivery. This quality gives considerable power explain...

Abstract College students often delay or avoid seeking testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), even if the services are readily available. We used in-depth, semistructured interviews to survey 41 college aged 18 23 years about factors that influence decisions STI testing. grouped statements into 9 themes represent influences on decision. The most frequently mentioned were negative consequences of and perceived vulnerability infection; other issues influenced decision making...

We hypothesize that sharing a birthday is sufficient to create unit relationship. Two studies demonstrated individuals cooperated more in prisoners dilemma game when their (fictitious) opponent shared birthday. They also reacted negatively betrayal and were less sensitive relative gains for self versus other. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

We examined the effect on food purchases of adding recommended calorie intake per day or meal to mandated information posted chain restaurant menus.Before and after New York City implemented posting menus in 2008, we provided daily, per-meal, no recommendations randomized subsets adult lunchtime customers (n = 1121) entering 2 McDonald's restaurants, Manhattan Brooklyn, collected receipts survey responses as they exited. In linear logistic regressions, with adjustment for gender, race, age,...

In a field experiment involving online workplace lunch orders, this study examines the impact of numeric and traffic light calorie labels on intake. Employees large corporation ordered lunches through website authors’ design, which they were presented menus with labels, or both together, authors compared content that diners randomized to receive no information. Each label type reduced calories by approximately 10%. Nutrition knowledge was not improved any menu format. Traffic achieved...

OBJECTIVE To examine 12-month effects of a booster-enhanced preconception counseling (PC) program (READY-Girls) on family planning for teen girls with type 1 and 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants 13–19 years age (n = 109) were randomized to standard care control group (CG) or intervention (IG) that received PC over three consecutive clinic visits. Prepost data collected at baseline, 3- 6-month booster sessions, follow-up visit. RESULTS Mean was 15.8 years; 9 (8%) subjects...

Technology aimed at enhancing function and enabling independent living among older disabled adults is a growing field of research. Privacy concerns are potential barrier to adoption such technology. Using data from national Web survey (n=1,518), we focus on perceived acceptability sharing information about toileting, taking medications, moving the home, cognitive ability, driving behavior, vital signs with five targets: family, healthcare providers, insurance companies, researchers,...

Encouraging consumers to select meals in advance rather than at mealtime has been proposed as a strategy promote healthier eating decisions, taking advantage of the improved self-control that is thought accompany decisions about future. In two field studies an employee cafeteria and third university setting, we examine how time delays between placing lunch order picking it up affect healthfulness lunch. The first study, secondary data analysis, finds longer meal are associated with...

Shortly after the 2002 terrorist attacks in Bali, readers of Conde Nast Traveler magazine were surveyed regarding their views on risks travel to various destinations. Their risk estimates highest for Israel, and lowest Canada. Estimates different destinations correlated positively with (1) one another, (2) concern over aspects that can make feel at (e.g., sticking out as an American), (3) worries about other problems contracting infectious disease), (4) attitudes toward risk. Respondents'...

In Brief Background Although douching is common, it a potentially harmful habit. Goal We studied attitudes and knowledge around the behavior of douching. Study Design Of 1200 women enrolled in this multisite study, 532 douched answered questions on structured interview regarding behaviors. Results Over half had for 5 or more years. Douching was most often initiated recommendation female relatives practiced reasons hygiene. Half considered to be healthy. Those who unhealthy reported that may...