Seawater desalination is a promising approach to satisfying water demand in coastal countries suffering from scarcity. To clarify its potential future global scale, we perform detailed investigation of the economic feasibility development for different using index (Fi) that reflects comparison between price and cost production. We consider both past time periods. For historical validation, Fi first evaluated nine major countries; variation good agreement with actual these on spatial temporal...

Abstract: This article discusses how to efficiently and completely solve a bi‐objective pavement maintenance rehabilitation‐scheduling problem, which aims at optimizing two objectives of condition improvement budget utilization in simultaneous manner. problem may be addressed by the weighting method, constraint ranking various metaheuristic methods. However, none these methods can guarantee complete Pareto‐optimal solution set, would potentially lead suboptimal decisions. In this article,...

Solar energy has intermittency and volatility, which poses a serious challenge to the stable safe operation of power grid. Accurate photovoltaic prediction is one key technologies solve this problem. Due larger volume data collected by systems, deep learning methods are more in-depth in field prediction. However, generation also diversity lower value density, brings severe challenges feature extraction ability models. Photovoltaic with mining capabilities urgently needed address these...

We study the crossed Andreev reflection and nonlocal transport in proximitized graphene/ superconductor/proximitized graphene junctions with pseudospin staggered potential intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. The local elastic cotunneling being completely eliminated can be realized for electrons specific spin-valley index when couplings left right possess opposite sign. perfect its probability equal to $100%$ obtained space consisting of incident angle energy electrons. conductance oscillation...

With the rapid advancement of plant phenotyping research, understanding genetic information and growth trends has become crucial. Measuring seedling length is a key criterion for assessing seed viability, but traditional ruler-based methods are time-consuming labor-intensive. To address these limitations, we propose an efficient deep learning approach to enhance analysis. We improved DeepLabv3+ model, naming it DFMA, introduced novel ASPP structure, PSPA-ASPP. On our self-constructed rice...

Flooding can damage pavement infrastructure significantly, causing both immediate and long-term structural functional issues. This research investigates how flooding events affect deterioration, specifically focusing on measuring roughness by the International Roughness Index (IRI). To quantify these effects, we utilized 20 years of condition data from TxDOT’s PMIS database, which is integrated with flood event data, including duration spatial extent. Statistical analyses were performed to...

A pavement management system should help a decision maker to select the best preservation program, decide which treatment use, and where when apply it maximize use of available resources. One essential roles is provide rational, cost-effective optimal funding planning allocation strategy for highway agencies. Researchers have previously developed deterministic optimization methods programming maintenance rehabilitation strategies. However, infrastructure deterioration dynamic, complicated,...

Establishing a wind–photovoltaic (PV)–hydro hybrid system is new method to utilize wind and PV power, but how multi-energy complementation affects the working modes of cascaded hydropower plants (CHP) has not been fully revealed. In this study, wind–PV–CHP was considered as an example multi-objective optimal operation model constructed considering maximization both power generation minimum output. Simulation comparison results showed that (1) regulation capability mainly used for two...

Fatigue cracking models are important for the design, analysis, and management of pavement structures. There two types available in literature. The first type model is structured to predict time failure (given a specific criterion, e.g., 25% total area shows cracking). other intended directly as function set covariates. For model, previous researchers have suggested probabilistic approach such survival modeling (or duration modeling) take various uncertainties into consideration. However,...

We study the Andreev reflections and quantum transport in proximitized graphene/superconductor junction. The graphene possesses pseudospin staggered potential intrinsic spin-orbit coupling induced by substrate, which are responsible for spin-valley dependent double anomalous properties pure specular reflection can happen superconducting gap $K\uparrow$ $K'\downarrow$ electrons while retro-Andreev happens $K\downarrow$ $K'\uparrow$ electrons. coexisting two types of related to fixed indices...

This study uses text mining techniques to analyze employment data posted over the internet. The objective is identify knowledge areas, skills and expertise relevant jobs in construction industry. We utilized fast growing online job search engines understand market employer expectations. Over 20,000 advertisements were downloaded from various websites between Oct 14th 2012 March 15th 2013. developed a method derived qualification information pages. algorithm capable derive rules by...

Online user-generated content provides a valuable source for identifying dimensions of services. This study proposes framework extracting the consumer satisfaction public transportation services using unsupervised latent Dirichlet allocation model. A pilot was performed on 17,747 online user reviews collected from 1452 agencies (including streetcar, light rail, heavy boat, and aerial tram) in United States over 8 years. The proposed approach is able to identify few that were not discussed...

This article introduces the research and application of digital twin technology in development power grids. It relies on Planning Information System management platform State Grid Corporation China, with goal scientifically leading a strong smart grid. takes Internet things, blockchain, big data other technologies as support, integrates massive such power, pipe trench corridor, regulatory planning meteorological data, to build an online which grid can be planned, constructed, operated. At...

Pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) records are important as they provide documentation that M&R treatment is being performed completed appropriately. Moreover, the development of pavement performance models relies heavily on quality condition data collected records. However, history activities often missing or unavailable to highway agencies for many reasons. Without accurate records, it difficult determine if a change between two consecutive inspections result...

This paper presents a new optimization model for addressing the problem of planning pavement maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction (MRR) large-scale road network. In past, this has usually been formulated as linear programming or integer model. The solutions obtained from those models determine timing, location, type treatment needed to perform MRR operation given horizon. A shortcoming such is that sections selected are distributed spatially across network, distribution makes it...

Deteriorated track infrastructure can lead to significant consequences, such as derailment incidents, loss of revenue-service hours, reduced train operation speed, and even failure the business. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) requires thorough timely rail inspections keep trains operating safely. Approaches using advanced emerging technologies have become more accessible broadened their applications. Unfortunately, for Class II (regional) III (short line) railroads (referred local...

Statistical models that describe the relationship between crash frequency and its influencing factors have been widely studied for last three decades. Most of existing methodologies use these with count data their variants to study mean effects covariates on frequency. This seeks explore quantile regression counts as a methodological alternative in analyzing Compared models, proposed model provides fuller more robust analysis at least two reasons. First, usually follow typical distributions...

This study focuses on large-scale pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning. Pavement agencies usually deal with large diverse networks of thousands sections. The complexity planning increases exponentially the size network. Exact optimization methods designed for small-scale problems thus suffer from dimensionality, which significantly compromises ability to solve such in a reasonable time period. Consequently, should be approached technique approximation. A method Lagrangian...

The accurate evaluation and prediction of highway network traffic state can provide effective information for travelers managers. Based on the deep learning theory, this paper proposes an model state, which consists a Fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm-based partition model, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) K-Means discriminant model. in Hebei Province is employed as case study to validate where analyzed using both predicted data real data. dataset contains 536,823 pieces collected by 233 continuous...