Interception of potential invasive species at ports-of-entry is essential for effective biosecurity and biosurveillance programs. However, taxonomic assessment the immature stages most arthropods challenging; characters identification are often dependent on adult morphology reproductive structures. This study aims to strengthen such specimens through DNA barcoding, with a focus microlepidoptera. A sample 241 primarily microlepidoptera intercepted U.S. from 2007 2011 were selected analysis....

Coccinella septempunctata L. and Harmonia axyridis Pallas are key natural enemies of soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, in North America. Third instars, adult females, males both C. H. exhibited a type II functional response for predation toward aphids at 26 +/- 1 degrees In septempunctata, the curve differed from those third instars but there was no difference between females. axyridis, curves larvae, all significantly. females consumed significantly more than did prey densities 150...

Journal Article Development and Parasitism by Aphelinus certus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a Parasitoid of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Get access Andrew J. Frewin, Frewin 1School Environmental Sciences, University Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1. Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yingen Xue, Xue John A. Welsman, Welsman 2Department Plant Agriculture, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, N0P 2C0. Bruce Broadbent, Broadbent 3Southern Crop Protection...

Drosophila suzukii Matsumura is an economically important pest of soft and small fruit crops. Unlike other drosophilid flies, D. capable infesting ripe partially fruit, which poses a significant management challenge, as there no tolerance for infested or damaged in the marketplace. As result, producers many regions rely on calendar-scheduled insecticide applications management. In order to develop integrated approach, better tools monitoring adult fly populations are needed. Over two growing...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Soybean aphid, a serious economic pest of soybean in North America, is currently managed by applying non‐selective foliar insecticides during outbreaks according to decision thresholds and crop maturity. Natural enemies, such as the parasitoid Aphelinus certus Yasnosh, potentially play an important role suppressing aphid. Using selective that preserve A. may enhance biological control service they provide thus prevent or reduce severity aphid outbreaks. The toxicity five...

Abstract Over the last decade, DNA barcoding - use of short, standardized sequences for species identification has emerged as an important tool to study biodiversity. However, given challenge and importance accurately identifying plant pests, we argue a aid in phytosanitary regulation integrated pest management. Additionally, rigorous data quality standard complements both regulatory management tasks. In this review, describe current potential applications management, with particular focus...

Abstract Managed and wild colonies of common eastern bumble bee ( Bombus impatiens Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) are effective pollinators blueberry Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) (Ericaceae) in Atlantic Canada. Because insecticides used during bloom to manage insect pests, bees may be at risk exposure. We therefore assessed the susceptibility B. some or projected for use pest management. Workers were killed by topical applications spinosad, spinetoram, deltamethrin, phosmet, but not...

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an economically important pest of agricultural and ornamental plants worldwide now widely recognized as a cryptic species complex. In North America, B. particularly greenhouse poinsettia. poinsettia production, two from the complex, Mediterranean Middle East Minor 1, often infest crops simultaneously. Differences in pesticide susceptibility between these have potential to influence growers' management decisions, including use biological control or insecticides,...

The current pesticide risk assessment paradigm may not adequately protect solitary bees as it focuses primarily on the honey bee ( Apis mellifera ). alfalfa leafcutting Megachile rotundata ) is a potential surrogate species for use in North America. However, toxicity of toxic reference standards to M. will need be determined before tests (tier I trials) can implemented. Therefore, we assessed acute topical and generated LD 50 values three insecticides: dimethoate (62.08 ng a.i./bee),...

Journal Article Too Much Work, Not Enough Tarsi: Group Size Influences Bombus impatiens (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Worker Reproduction With Implications for Sublethal Pesticide Toxicity Assessments Get access A. E. Gradish, Gradish 1School of Environmental Sciences, University Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1. 2Corresponding author, e-mail: agradish@uoguelph.ca. Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. D. Scott–Dupree, Scott–Dupree Mcfarlane,...

Soybean aphid is an economic pest of soybean in North America. Currently, management achieved through the use foliar- and seed-applied insecticides. However, natural enemies play important role regulating populations, may be adversely affected by The effects imidacloprid thiamethoxam seed treatments on parasitoid, Aphelinus certus Yasnosh, were examined using a tritrophic bioassay. A. was able to parasitize aphids feeding imidacloprid- thiamethoxam-treated plants 5 6 wk after planting,...

Background. Bumble bees (Bombus spp.) are important wild and managed pollinators. There is increased interest in incorporating data on bumble into risk assessments for pesticides, but standardized methods assessing hazards of pesticides semi-field field settings have not yet been established bees. During studies, colonies caged with pesticide-treated flowering surrogate plants, which must be attractive to foragers ensure colony exposure the test compound, produce an ample nectar pollen...

Sex pheromone baited monitoring traps are a critical tool for integrated pest management decisions against many insects, particularly codling moths (Cydia pomonella L.). The addition of cameras remote has the potential to enhance usefulness these important tools. However, changes in trap design could potentially alter plume structure and trapping efficiency new traps. Here we look at several configurations designed optimize capture equipped with cameras. We found that, both wind tunnel field...

California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) is an economically important pest of citrus. In many cases, scale management based on pheromone trap captures males during their flight period. California, where this study was conducted, traps are deployed from Mar until the end Oct, at densities 2 to 4 per ha. Therefore, monitoring for represents a significant time expenditure orange growers, and improved tools would be beneficial. This conducted compare efficacy...

Abstract Wireworms, the larvae of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), are often target insecticide seed treatments commonly used in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) production North America. Nevertheless, there is a lack knowledge species, life history, economic impact wireworms present these agroecosystems. An extensive survey was conducted fields Ontario, Canada, from 2014 to 2017 document species distribution co-occurrence identify risk factors related their...

Abstract Spotted-wing drosophila ( Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae)) is a pest of tender fruit and berry crops because female flies oviposit in ripening fruit. Frequent insecticide applications are needed for control during ripening, with few noninsecticide options available. The effect interplanting peppermint Mentha × piperita Linnaeus (Lamiaceae)) strawberry Fragaria ananassa Duchesne (Rosaceae)) on D. infestation was investigated essential oil deterred from the...

Background Current regulatory pesticide risk assessments for bees are based primarily on the honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) and may not always be protective of solitary bees. To incorporate into assessment process, standardized methods to assess hazard pesticides under semi-field (Tier II) conditions will needed. We conducted a series experiments over 2 years potential surrogate plants adult release rates use in with alfalfa leafcutting (ALB, Megachile rotundata ). Methods compared ALB...

Abstract Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), also known as the brown marmorated stink bug, is an invasive agricultural and nuisance pest. Knowledge of life history insect pests important for informing pest management activities. Some North American populations H . have two generations per year, it suspected that may a partial second generation in Niagara Region Ontario, Canada. We determined number Ontario by examining reproductive development field-caught adult females. The...