A5042414503- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Climate Change and Geoengineering
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Maritime Navigation and Safety
- Maritime Ports and Logistics
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies
- Air Traffic Management and Optimization
- Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring
- BIM and Construction Integration
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
- Advanced Sensor and Control Systems
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
Goddard Space Flight Center
2022-2024
Science Systems and Applications (United States)
2020-2023
Support Systems Associates (United States)
2023
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
2017-2021
Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center
2018
Systems Technology (United States)
2018
Nanjing University
2017
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
2017
Brookhaven National Laboratory
2014-2015
Stony Brook University
2006-2007
Abstract Human activities affect the Earth’s climate through modifying composition of atmosphere, which then creates radiative forcing that drives change. The warming effect anthropogenic greenhouse gases has been partially balanced by cooling aerosols. In 2020, fuel regulations abruptly reduced emission sulfur dioxide from international shipping about 80% and created an inadvertent geoengineering termination shock with global impact. Here we estimate regulation leads to a $$+0.2\pm 0.11$$...
Abstract. Realistic simulation of the Earth's mean-state climate remains a major challenge, and yet it is crucial for predicting system in transition. Deficiencies models' process representations, propagation errors from one to another, associated compensating can often confound interpretation improvement model simulations. These biases also lead unrealistic projections incorrect attribution physical mechanisms governing past future change. Here we show that significantly improved global...
Ship-tracks are produced by ship-emitted aerosols interacting with low clouds. Here, we apply deep learning models on satellite data to produce the first global climatology map of ship-tracks. We show that ship-tracks at nexus cloud physics, maritime shipping, and fuel regulation. Our captures major shipping lanes while missing others because background conditions. Ship-track frequency is more than 10 times higher a previous survey, its interannual fluctuations reflect variations in...
Aerosols cool Earth's climate indirectly by increasing low cloud brightness and their coverage (Cf), constituting the aerosol indirect forcing (AIF). The partially offsets greenhouse warming positively correlates with sensitivity. However, it remains highly uncertain. Here, we show direct observational evidence for strong from Cf adjustment to increased aerosols weak liquid water path adjustment. We estimate that drives between 52% 300% of additional Twomey effect over ocean a total AIF -1.1...
Analyses of ship‐based measurements sea level pressure reveal a systematic weakening the horizontal gradient across Pacific in last fifty years. This reduction is also present NCAR/NCEP and ECMWF reanalysis products. The magnitude estimated to be between 2% 13%. consistent with simulations from general circulation models when sea‐surface temperatures are uniformly raised. It reductions large‐scale subsidence over eastern models. Since vertical overturning can explained through fundamental...
Abstract This paper presents a satellite-observation-based evaluation of the marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud properties from two Community Atmosphere Model, version 5 (CAM5), simulations, one with standard parameterization schemes (CAM5–Base) and other Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals scheme (CAM5–CLUBB). When comparing direct model outputs, authors find that CAM5–CLUBB produces more MBL clouds, smoother transition stratocumulus to cumulus, tighter correlation between in-cloud water...
Abstract. Marine low-cloud mesoscale morphology in the southeastern Pacific Ocean is analyzed using a large dataset of classifications spanning 3 years generated by machine learning methods. Meteorological variables and cloud properties are composited type classification, showing distinct meteorological regimes marine organization from tropics to midlatitudes. The presentation cellular convection, with respect geographic distribution, boundary layer structure, large-scale environmental...
Abstract. Satellite cloud observations have become an indispensable tool for evaluating general circulation models (GCMs). To facilitate the satellite and GCM comparisons, CFMIP (Cloud Feedback Model Inter-comparison Project) Observation Simulator Package (COSP) has been developed is now increasingly used in evaluations. Real-world clouds precipitation can significant sub-grid variations, which, however, are often ignored or oversimplified COSP simulation. In this study, we use simulations...
Abstract Both the ECMWF and NCEP–NCAR reanalyses show a strengthening of atmospheric Hadley circulation in boreal winter over last 50 years, but intensification is much stronger than reanalysis. This study focuses on difference these trends two reanalyses. It shown that differ mainly tropical western Pacific. found to be consistent with respective transport moist static energy, longwave cloud radiative forcing, upper-level clouds Two independent datasets cover sea level pressure from...
Numerous studies have indicated that El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) could determinant impacts on remote weather climate using conventional correlation-based methods, which however cannot identify cause-and-effect of such linkage ultimately determine a direction causality. This study employs Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR) model estimation method with long-term observational sea surface temperature (SST) data NCEP/NCAR reanalysis to demonstrate Granger causality between ENSO other...
Abstract Climatically important low‐level clouds are commonly misrepresented in climate models. The FAst‐physics System TEstbed and Research (FASTER) Project has constructed case studies from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Facility's Southern Great Plain site during RACORO aircraft campaign to facilitate research on model representation of boundary‐layer clouds. This paper focuses using single‐column Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (SCAM5) simulations a multi‐day...
Abstract. Marine low clouds display rich mesoscale morphological types and distinct spatial patterns of cloud fields. Being able to differentiate low-cloud morphology offers a tool for the research community go one step beyond bulk statistics such as fraction advance understanding clouds. Here we report progress our project that aims create an observational record at near-global (60∘ S–60∘ N) scale. First, training set is created by team members manually labeling thousands (128×128) MODIS...
Abstract This study evaluates the performances of seven single-column models (SCMs) by comparing simulated cloud fraction with observations at Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site from January 1999 to December 2001. Compared 3-yr mean observational fraction, ECMWF SCM underestimates all levels and GISS below 200 hPa. The two GFDL SCMs underestimate lower-to-middle level but overestimate upper-level fraction. three Community Atmosphere Model (CAM)...
Abstract. A new database is constructed comprising millions of deep convective clouds that spans the global tropics and subtropics for entire record MODIS instruments on Terra Aqua satellites. The a collection individual cloud objects ranging from isolated cells to mesoscale systems spanning hundreds thousands square kilometers in area. By matching with Modern-Era Retrospective analysis Research Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis dataset microwave imager brightness temperatures...
Abstract. Realistic simulation of the Earth’s mean state climate remains a major challenge and yet it is crucial for predicting system in transition. Deficiencies models’ process representations, propagation errors from one to another, associated compensating can often confound interpretation improvement model simulations. These biases also lead unrealistic projections as well incorrect attribution physical mechanisms governing past future change. Here we show that significantly improved...
Abstract Human activities affect the Earth’s climate through modifying composition of atmosphere, which then creates radiative forcing that drives change 1. The warming effect anthropogenic greenhouse gases has been partially balanced by cooling aerosols 2. In 2020, fuel regulations abruptly reduced emission sulfur dioxide from international shipping more than 80%3 and created an inadvertent geoengineering experiment4,5 with global scale. Here we show regulation leads to a 0.12 Wm-2 averaged...
Low-level marine clouds play a pivotal role in Earth's weather and climate through their interactions with radiation, heat moisture transport, the hydrological cycle. These depend on range of dynamical microphysical processes that result broad diversity cloud types spatial structures, comprehensive understanding morphology is critical for continued improvement our atmospheric modeling prediction capabilities moving forward. Deep learning has recently accelerated ability to study using...
Numerous studies have indicated that El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) could determinant impacts on remote weather climate using conventional correlation-based methods, which however cannot identify cause-and-effect of such linkage ultimately determine a direction causality. This study employs Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR) model estimation method with long-term observational data reanalysis to demonstrate ENSO is modulating factor can result in abnormal surface temperature,...
Spinal cord tumors significantly contribute to neurological morbidity and mortality. Precise morphometric quantification, encompassing the size, location, type of such tumors, holds promise for optimizing treatment planning strategies. Although recent methods have demonstrated excellent performance in medical image segmentation, they primarily focus on discerning shapes with relatively large morphology as brain ignoring challenging problem identifying spinal which tend tiny sizes, diverse...
Abstract CrSi film is sputtered on SiO 2 by reactive magnetron sputtering method, which TIW layer deposited as the resistance end. After lithographic patterns and corrosion, metal etched input output to test electrical parameters of film. It discovered that target’s component determines parameters’ adjustable range. possible stabilize temperature coefficient in ±10ppm/ o C adjusting process parameters, resulting reduction fluctuations compared with widely used ±20ppm/ C, obtainment...
Abstract. Marine low clouds display rich mesoscale morphological types, distinct spatial patterns of cloud fields. Being able to differentiate morphology offers a tool for the research community go one step beyond bulk statistics such as fraction and advance understanding clouds. Here we report progress NASA funded project that aims create an observational record at near-global (60S–60N) scale. First, training set is created by our team members manually labeling thousands (128 x 128) MODIS...
Abstract. A new database is constructed comprising millions of deep convective clouds that spans the global tropics and subtropics for entire record MODIS instruments on Terra Aqua satellites. The a collection individual cloud objects ranging from isolated cells to mesoscale systems spanning hundreds thousands square kilometers in area. By matching with MERRA-2 reanalysis dataset microwave imager brightness temperatures AMSR-E instrument, designed explore relationships among horizontal scale...