The integration of cover crops into cropping systems brings costs and benefits, both internal external to the farm. Benefits include promoting pest‐suppression, soil water quality, nutrient cycling efficiency, cash crop productivity. Costs adopting increased direct costs, potentially reduced income if interfere with other attractive crops, slow warming, difficulties in predicting N mineralization, production expenses. Cover benefits tend be higher irrigated systems. literature is reviewed...

Extracellular soil enzymes play a key role in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. However, it is not fully understood how these respond to different land use. Long-term research studies were used evaluate diversified management practices affect extracellular driving C cycling [phenol oxidases (PO), peroxidases (PP), α-glucosidase (AG), β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CB), β-1,-4-Nacetylglucosaminidase (NAG)], N [leucine aminopeptidase (LAP)], P [phosphomonoesterase...

For the international digital soil mapping (DSM) community, adequate spatial estimates of nitrogen (N) mineralization have yet to be generated. This is due, in part, an inability capture critical N controls at regional and provincial scales. While influence climate, vegetation, relief are accessible predictors DSM, effect management known for its important on dynamics, but has hitherto been elusive mappers. purpose producing maps inform fertilizer management, intention this study was...

The Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) is a one-dimensional process-based model used for simulating major physical, chemical, and biological processes in agricultural systems. To date, the has not been applied to potato production systems nitrate leaching. In this study, 35 datasets collected between 2009 2016 at field under three-year (potato–barley–red clover) rotation Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada, have employed calibrating validating water, nitrogen (N) cycling, plant growth...

Incorporating shrub willow chips into soil may improve the chemical, physical and biological properties of soils with low organic matter but impact on microbial communities their dynamics is not known. We assessed changes in response to chip applied at increasing rates (0, 20, 40 60 Mg ha-1) a potato-barley cropping system. Bacterial fungal community diversity, relative abundance, potential functions were using amplicon sequencing 16S ITS rRNA genes six time points. High (40 had no effect...

Beneficial Management Practices (BMPs) are designed to reduce nitrate leaching from agricultural fields and protect groundwater quality. However, temporal monitoring results wells beneath or downgradient often fail show evidence for reduction even years after BMP implementation, the mechanisms underlying this delayed response remain poorly understood. This study conducted high-resolution characterization investigate transport soil in a 7-hectare potato rotation field Prince Edward Island,...

A potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) experiment from 2002 to 2004 examined fallow or winter rye Secale cereale (average residues ∼1 Mg ha −1 ) cover crop systems with a split‐plot design of 0 5.6 poultry manure. 75‐L container used field trial soil evaluate N dynamics in the presence and absence fertilizer. Organic source (manure, residues, both) availability was adjust fertilizer rate downward provide an estimated 224 kg for all treatments. Plant growth, uptake, tuber yield were monitored,...

Proper N management is essential to prevent losses and ensure high potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) yield quality. Controlled‐release urea (CRU) could increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by matching the release of with uptake. This 3‐yr study conducted in Quebec, Canada, compared four treatments, namely an unfertilized control (0 N), calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) application at rates 150 kg ha −1 (150CAN) 200 (200CAN), CRU a rate (150CRU). The effects treatments were assessed on yield,...

Legume crops leave N‐rich residues and improve soil properties that can boost the yield of subsequent crops. This study conducted at two sites in Québec, eastern Canada, identified most appropriate preceding legume for corn ( Zea mays L.) wheat Triticum aestivum N nutrition. Legumes were established 2011, monoculture or mixed with grain crops, a total 13 treatments: common bean Phaseolus vulgaris L.), soybean Glycine max dry pea Pisum sativum hairy vetch Vicia villosa Roth), alfalfa Medicago...

Mineral fertilizer alone may not sustain soil productivity in cropping systems that return little crop residues to the soil, unless additional organic and/or manure is applied regularly soil. The objective of present study was assess long‐term effects mineral fertilization (No fertilizer, PK, and NPK) addition (0 20 Mg ha −1 yr ) on physical chemical properties yields a cereal rotation with removal residues. After 28 yr, carbon (SOC) declined by −0.25 g C kg total nitrogen (TN) −0.025 N...

Assessment of the soil N supply capacity is essential to optimize fertilizer use. We investigated and recovery for three cropping systems established in 1977: silage corn ( Zea mays L.)–cereal without (CC) with 20 Mg ha −1 yr manure (CCM), corn–forage (3‐yr) (CFM). During present study (2005–2008), applications were suspended a corn–silage corn–barley Hordeum vulgaris L.)–wheat Triticum aestivum L.) sequence was imposed all systems. Fertilizer 15 NH 4 NO 3 , 3.1 atom % N) applied 2005 (160...

Assessment of the soil N supply capacity is essential to optimize fertilizer use. The 102 samples (0–15 cm) from 25 sites collected 2004 2007 across four Canadian provinces was evaluated by comparing a group chemical availability indices with mineralizable pools and field‐based measure supply. Soil estimated corn ( Zea mays L.) uptake corrected for starter N. Two subgroups were created based on texture compared whole data set. Grouping soils provided limited benefits in predicting...

Under intensive low residue agricultural systems, such as those involving potato (

To balance economic potato production with environmental risks, it is crucial to understand the effects of forage crops preceding potatoes on soil nitrate (NO3-) leaching potential, quality and yield. This study compared a legume (red clover, RC), grass (timothy, T), red clover-timothy mixture (M) over two cycles 3-yr rotation (barley underseeded forage-forage-potato) from 2013 2018. The were grown under low input maintenance system receiving only starter N fertilizer during establishment...

Identification of soil attributes most determinant to crop yield is still a matter debate. The main objective the present study was relate variations in corn ( Zea mays L.) and N uptake 16 attributes. Samples were collected 2005 2006 from long‐term experiment. Soil organic C (SOC), total (TN), potential mineralizable (PMN), NO 3 extractable with KCl (NO –KCl) CaCl 2 –CaCl ), adsorbed on anion exchange membranes –AEM), extracted NaHCO read at 205 nm (N‐NaHCO −205) 220 −220), fulvic acid...

Efficient N fertilization is crucial for economic wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) production and of great agronomical environmental significance. A study was conducted at 12 site‐years in eastern Canada to evaluate the effect soil surface textural groups, rate (0–200 kg ha −1 ) application timing on grain yield (GY), uptake, nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUE), protein content (GPC), test weight, thousand kernel weight (TKW). Chlorophyll meter readings (CMR) were taken tillering flowering assess...

Abstract Potato production is critical to economy of Prince Edward Island ( PEI ), but has been linked increasing groundwater nitrate contamination and anoxic events in estuaries. Given that entirely groundwater‐dependent for potable water, this resulted considerable pressure find solutions protect water quality. However, our understanding the controls on loading groundwater, consequent potential mitigate through beneficial management practices BMPs limited. In , flow transport vadose zone...

Strategies to improve sustainability are important in intensively managed potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) systems. This study has assessed rotation systems and N sources mitigate yield soil organic matter decline Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada. Three‐year were initiated 2006: continuous (CP); potato–barley Hordeum vulgare underseeded with red clover Trifolium pratense L.)–red (PBR); potato–barley–sorghum sudan grass ([ Sorghum bicolor used as green manure])/winter rape Brassica napus...

Critical nutrient concentrations are required for assessing the level of crop nutrition. Our objectives were to validate an existing model critical phosphorus concentration ( P c = 0.94 + 0.107 N ) in shoot biomass (SB) wheat Triticum aestivum L.) and assess alternative approach expressing as a function SB rather than ). We applied four rates fertilizer (0, 10, 20, 30 kg ha −1 on soils with low medium available at locations three countries (Normandin [Canada; 2010, 2011, 2012], Brandon...

The global increase in potato production and yield is expected to lead increased irrigation needs this has prompted concerns with respect the sustainability of water sources, such as groundwater. magnitude, inter- intra-annual variation, crop requirements for together their impact on aquifer storage a temperate humid region (Prince Edward Island, Canada) were estimated by using long-term (i.e., 2010–2019) daily soil content (SWC). amount supplemental required minimal scenario (SWC = 70%...