Abstract For the first time in International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) history, ITRF2014 is generated with an enhanced modeling of nonlinear station motions, including seasonal (annual and semiannual) signals positions postseismic deformation for sites that were subject to major earthquakes. Using full observation history four space geodetic techniques (very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), satellite laser ranging (SLR), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Doppler...

ITRF2008 is a refined version of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame based on reprocessed solutions four space geodetic techniques: VLBI, SLR, GPS and DORIS, spanning 29, 26, 12.5 16 years observations, respectively. The input data used in its elaboration are time series (weekly from satellite techniques 24-h session-wise VLBI) station positions daily Earth Orientation Parameters (EOPs). origin defined such way that it has zero translations translation rates with respect to mean...

Unlike the past International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) versions where global long‐term solutions were combined, ITRF2005 uses as input data time series (weekly from satellite techniques and 24‐h session‐wise Very Long Baseline Interferometry) of station positions daily Earth Orientation Parameters (EOPs). The advantage using is that it allows to monitor non‐linear motion discontinuities examine temporal behavior frame physical parameters, namely origin scale. defined in such a way...

The ITRF2008 velocity field is demonstrated to be of higher quality and more precise than past ITRF solutions. We estimated an absolute tectonic plate motion model made up 14 major plates, using velocities 206 sites high geodetic (far from boundaries, deformation zones Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) regions), derived consistent with ITRF2008. precision the evaluated at level 0.3 mm/a WRMS. No GIA corrections were applied site prior estimating rotation poles, as our selected are outside...

[1] This study focuses on the effects of time correlation in weekly GPS position series velocity estimates. Time 2.5 to 13 years long from a homogeneously reprocessed solution 275 globally distributed stations are analyzed terms noise content and uncertainty assessment. Several models were tested, including power law Gauss-Markov processes. The best model describing our global data set was combination variable white with mean amplitudes ∼2 mm ∼6 mm, respectively, for sites considered....

For various geodetic and geophysical applications, users need to have access a plate motion model (PMM) that is consistent with the ITRF2014 frame. This paper describes approach used for determining PMM from horizontal velocities of subset sites away boundaries, Glacial Isostatic Adjustment regions other deforming zones. In theory it would be necessary include in inversion translational vector (called this origin rate bias, ORB) represent relative between (long-term averaged centre mass...

Abstract To better describe the shape of constantly deforming Earth’s surface, ITRF2020 is provided as an augmented terrestrial reference frame that precisely models nonlinear station motions for both seasonal (annual and semi-annual) signals present in position time series Post-Seismic Deformation (PSD) sites impacted by major earthquakes. Reprocessed solutions form Earth Orientation Parameters using full observation history four space geodetic techniques (DORIS, GNSS, SLR VLBI) were used...

Ocean bottom pressure (OBP) changes are caused by a redistribution of the ocean's internal mass that driven atmospheric circulation, change in entering or leaving ocean, and/or integrated over ocean areas. The only previous global analysis investigating magnitude OBP surface displacements used older data sets (van Dam et al. J Geophys Res 129:507–517, 1997). Since then significant improvements meteorological forcing models to predict have been made, augmented observations from satellite...

Three‐dimensional ground deformation measured with permanent GPS stations in West Africa was used for investigating the hydrological loading associated Monsoon precipitation. The data were processed within a global network 2003–2008 period. Weekly station positions retrieved repeatability (including unmodeled effects) of 1–2 mm horizontal components and between 2.5 6 vertical component. annual signal component sites located 9.6°N 16.7°N is range 10–15 mm. It consistent at 3 mm‐level...

The International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) is a fundamental datum for high?precision orbit tracking, navigation, and global change monitoring. Accurately realizing maintaining ITRF origin at the mean Earth system center of mass (CM) critical to surface spacecraft based geodetic measurements including those sea level rise its sources. Although combines data from satellite laser ranging (SLR), Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), Global Positioning System (GPS), Doppler...

Abstract A tectonic Plate Motion Model (PMM) is essential for geodetic applications, while contributing to the understanding of geodynamic processes affecting Earth's surface. We introduce a PMM derived from horizontal velocities 518 sites extracted ITRF2020 solution. These were chosen away plate boundaries, Glacial Isostatic Adjustment regions, and other deforming zones. Unlike ITRF2014‐PMM, which showed no significant Origin Rate Bias (ORB), used determine ITRF2020‐PMM exhibit...

For the first time, ITRF2005 input data are in form of time series station positions and Earth orientation parameters, together with full variance‐covariance information. The step analysis consists rigorously stacking each to yield a long‐term solution per technique. As by‐product, position residuals contain nonlinear motion points over Earth's surface. In this paper, height residual very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), Global Positioning System (GPS), satellite laser ranging (SLR)...

SLR network translations estimated between a quasi‐instantaneous station position set, theoretically expressed with respect to the center of mass Earth (CM), and secular reference frame are signature motion CM crust. Geocenter is defined here be geometric solid surface (CF). translational variations cannot rigorously interpreted as identical geocenter due sparse nonuniform distribution network. Their difference called effect, which should dominated at subdecadal timescales by loading...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) station coordinate errors over seasonal and longer time scales are known to be spatially temporally correlated with flicker noise spectra.Overlaying this strong annual semiannual variations that cannot explained by any single phenomenon.Next most prominent harmonics of the GPS draconitic year periods (351.4/N)days.One explanation is in standard model for Earth orientation parameter (EOP) tidal near 12 24 h absorbed into resonant orbit daily EOP...

Atmospheric pressure variations are known to induce vertical displacements of the Earth's surface with magnitudes large enough be detected by geodetic observations. Estimates these loading effects derived using global reanalysis fields as input. The input has a minimum spatial sampling, which does not capture true due high topographic variability in some regions. In this paper, we investigate effect that unmodeled on estimates and subsequent displacements. We find estimated height changes...