Building on recent theory stressing multicultural orientation, as well the development of virtues and dispositions associated with values, we introduce construct cultural humility, defined having an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented rather than self-focused, characterized by respect lack superiority toward individual's background experience. In 4 studies, provide evidence for estimated reliability validity a client-rated measure therapist's demonstrate client perceptions their...

The study of humility has progressed slowly due to measurement problems. We describe a model relational that conceptualizes as personality judgment. In this set 5 studies, we developed the 16-item Relational Humility Scale (RHS) and offered initial evidence for theoretical model. Study 1 (N = 300), RHS its subscales--Global Humility, Superiority, Accurate View Self. 2, confirmed factor structure scale in an independent sample 196). 3, provided supporting construct validity using experimental...

Humility is an understudied virtue in positive psychology. Both conceptual and methodological challenges have retarded its study. In this article, we discuss how humility has been defined. Specifically, researchers disagree whether refers to the accuracy of individual's view self, or primarily describes someone's interpersonal stance toward others. We critique four approaches that used measure humility: self-reports, implicit measures, social comparisons self others, informant ratings...

In the present article, we review literature on religion/spirituality (R/S) and forgiveness using meta-analysis. R/S was positively related to trait forgivingness (i.e., across relationships situations; r .29), state of a specific offense; .15), self-forgiveness (r .12). Contextual measures more proximal process were strongly than dispositional R/S. Measures one’s relationship with sacred measures. We discuss implications for next steps in study forgiveness.

Racial microaggressions may contribute to poor counseling outcomes in racial/ethnic minority clients. The present study examined the occurrence of racial using a large and diverse sample explored association between perceived cultural humility counselor microaggressions. Racial/ethnic participants (N = 2,212) answered questions about frequency impact characteristics their counselor. majority clients (81%) reported experiencing at least 1 microaggression counseling. Participants most commonly...

Empirical evidence suggests that African Americans (herein, all nonimmigrant persons of heritage living in the United States) are at increased risk for exposure to stressful life events (e.g., Karlsen & Nazroo, 2002; McCord Freeman, 1990; Thoits, 1991; Williams, Neighbors, Jackson, 2003). Moreover, health consequences associated with this exacerbated by daily encounters individual, institutional, and cultural racism (Clark, Anderson, Clark, 1999; Harrell, 2000; 2003; C. E. Thompson Neville,...

A theory of relational humility asserts that can promote strengthening social bonds. To complement prior, cross-sectional research on this topic, two longitudinal studies were conducted. In Study 1, college students in romantic relationships (N = 123), all whom had been hurt or offended by their partners within the last months, completed measures and unforgiveness for six consecutive weeks. Relational predicted unforgiving motives (lagged one time-point). 2, we examined 84) small groups did...

A central feature of meaning in life is a consideration more than oneself. We extend this logic to suggest that altruistically motivated prosociality – acting ways benefit others self-transcending action may provide life. Study 1 provided evidence relationship between self-reported prosocial behavior and life, even after statistically controlling for personality traits self-esteem. 2 engaging action, via writing notes gratitude, increased 3 individuals bolster perceptions following threats...

Existing models of forgiveness and the strategies to promote that draw from them are predominantly individualistic. As United States becomes more diverse counseling psychology a global field, psychologists increasingly likely encounter clients who have collectivistic worldview. The authors propose theoretical model clarifies relationship between collectivism forgiveness. importance maintaining social harmony in cultures is central this relationship. has two propositions. First, for- giveness...

This article focused on how perceptions of intellectual humility (IH)—humility regarding one's knowledge or influence over ideas—affect relationships with religious leaders. We developed an informant report measure IH using exploratory (Study 1; N = 213) and confirmatory 2; factor analyses, as well a basic manipulation 3; 139). Then in Study 4 (N 105), we examined the context major betrayal by leader (i.e., aligning several factors theorized to strain practice IH). The results provide...

The present study explored the relationship between (a) intellectual humility toward religious beliefs and values (b) tolerance. Pastors who identified as Christian (N = 196) completed measures of conservatism, commitment, values, Intellectual was a positive predictor tolerance, even when controlling for conservatism commitment. An interaction found exposure to diversity humility, such that positively related tolerance only participants reported high levels humility. We conclude by...

As a core component of multicultural orientation, cultural humility can be considered an important attitude for clinical supervisees to adopt and practically implement. How most meaningfully incorporated in supervision? In what ways supervisors stimulate the development culturally humble our supervisees? We consider those questions this paper present model addressing supervision. The primary focus is given two areas: (a) modeling teaching through interpersonal interactions supervision, (b)...