A5030035510- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials
- Analytical chemistry methods development
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Heavy metals in environment
The University of Melbourne
2019
Agri Food and Biosciences Institute
2016
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
2005-2016
Pfizer (Australia)
2012-2014
Universidade de São Paulo
1995-2011
University of Cambridge
1991-2007
University of Birmingham
1998-2007
Kingston University
2006
Natural Environment Research Council
2006
Imperial College London
1996-2005
The abundance and the behavior of metals (Al, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Ag, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pt, Hg, Pb) ions (Na+ K+ Mg2+ Ca2+, NH4+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, PO43-, oxalate) in size-fractionated atmospheric particulate matter (PM) were studied U. K. Ireland at four observation sites simulating extreme degrees vehicular-traffic influence environment. Trace urban PM showed distinct types depending on particle sources from which they originate. In coarse (1.5 < Dp 3.0 μm) concentrations copper,...
Abstract Background In recent years there has been an increasing problem with Staphylococcus aureus strains that are resistant to treatment existing antibiotics. An important starting point for the development of new antimicrobial drugs is identification "essential" genes bacterial survival and growth. Results We have developed a robust microarray PCR-based method, Transposon-Mediated Differential Hybridisation (TMDH), uses novel bioinformatics identify transposon inserts in genome-wide...
A dedicated study into the formation of new particles, New Particle Formation and Fate in Coastal Environment (PARFORCE), was conducted over a period from 1998 to 1999 at Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station on western coast Ireland. Continuous measurements particle were taken 2‐year while two intensive field campaigns also conducted, one September other June 1999. events observed ∼90% days occurred throughout year all air mass types. These lasted for, typically, few hours, with some...
Atmospheric concentrations of gaseous sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), methane sulfonic (MSA), and hydroxyl radicals (OH) were measured by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) during the second New Particle Formation Fate in Coastal Environment (PARFORCE) campaign June 1999 at Mace Head, Ireland. Overall median marine background air 1.5, 1.2, 0.12 × 10 6 cm −3 , respectively. H was also present night indicating significant contributions from nonphotochemical sources. A strong correlation...
Nucleation mode aerosol was characterized during coastal nucleation events at Mace Head intensive New Particle Formation and Fate in the Coastal Environment (PARFORCE) field campaigns September 1998 June 1999. were observed almost on a daily basis occurrence of low tide solar irradiation. In 1998, average particle concentrations 8600 cm −3 clean air 2200 polluted events. By comparison, 1999, mean 27,000 3350 conditions. Peak often reached 500,000–1,000,000 most intense duration ranged from 2...
Particle size distributions for soluble and insoluble species in Mt. Etna's summit plumes were measured across an extended range (10 nm < d 100 μ m) using a combination of techniques. Automated scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) was used to chemically analyze many thousands particles (collected on pumped filters) allowing the relationships between particle size, shape, composition be investigated. The distribution fine silicate ( 10 found lognormal, consistent with formation by...
Existing studies of the composition volcanic plumes generally interpret presence sulfate aerosol as result comparatively slow oxidation gaseous SO 2 . We report here new observations from Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua, which demonstrate that may also be emitted directly vents. Simultaneous and S, Cl, F compounds were collected at rim passively degassing crater in May 2001. Mean concentrations 4 2− , Cl − within plume 83, 1.2, 0.37 μg m −3 respectively (fine fraction <2.5 μm) 16, 2.5, 0.56...
Direct sampling (filter pack and impactor) remote sensing (ultraviolet spectroscopy Sun photometry) of the plumes Lascar Villarrica volcanoes, Chile, reveal that both are significant sustained emitters SO 2 (28 3.7 kg s −1 , respectively), HCl (9.6 1.3 HF (4.5 0.3 respectively) near‐source sulfate aerosol (0.5 0.1 respectively). Aerosol characterized by particle number fluxes (0.08–4.0 μm radius) ∼10 17 (Lascar) 16 (Villarrica), majority which will act as cloud condensation nuclei at...
Summary Bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is biologically active, being both toxic and immunogenic. Using transposon mutagenesis we have identified a genetic locus required for the biosynthesis of LPS in B. , which has been cloned sequenced. We also equivalent loci bronchiseptica parapertussis part it from . The amino acid sequences derived most genes present sequenced are similar to proteins other complex polysaccharides variety bacteria. unique arrangement locus. Several...
ABSTRACT Bordetella pertussis , parapertussis and bronchiseptica are closely related subspecies that cause respiratory tract infections in humans other mammals express many similar virulence factors. Their lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules differ, containing either a complex trisaccharide ( B. ), plus an O-antigen-like repeat or altered ). Deletion of the wlb locus results loss membrane-distal polysaccharide domains three bordetellae, leaving LPS consisting lipid A core oligosaccharide. We...
Surface‐based measurements of atmospheric formic acid (HCOOH), acetic (CH 3 COOH), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), hydrogen chloride (HCl), and nitric (HNO ) were made in central São Paulo State, Brazil, between April 1999 March 2000. Mean concentrations 9.0 ppb 1.3 4.9 0.3 0.5 ). Concentrations sugar cane burning plumes 1160–4230 360–1750 10–630 4–210 14–90 Higher ambient SO , HCl HNO measured during the season (May–November). increased evening, HCOOH CH COOH lowest morning, with peak levels...
Research Article| October 01, 2004 Volcanic source for fixed nitrogen in the early Earth's atmosphere Tamsin A. Mather; Mather 1Department of Earth Sciences, University Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK Search other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar David M. Pyle; Pyle Andrew G. Allen 2University Birmingham, School Geography, and Environmental Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, Author Article Information Publisher: Geological Society America Received: 07 Jun Revision 14...
Summary Pneumocystis carinii causes life‐threatening pneumonia in T‐lymphocyte‐immunodeficient subjects transplant and oncology units or with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Recent DNA homology studies show P. to be a fungus. To investigate the biology epidemiology of this parasite further, we elected determine for it more precise taxonomic assignment within fungal kingdom. We screened wide range organisms representing major orders fungi using amplification subsequently sequenced...
Genes required for infection of mice by Salmonella Typhimurium can be identified the interrogation random transposon mutant libraries mutants that cannot survive in vivo. Inactivation such genes produces attenuated S. strains have potential use as live vaccines. A quantitative screen, Transposon Mediated Differential Hybridisation (TMDH), has been developed identifies those members a large library are attenuated. TMDH employs custom transposons with outward-facing T7 and SP6 promoters....
Abstract. Improving the constraints on atmospheric fate and depletion rates of acidic compounds persistently emitted by non-erupting (quiescent) volcanoes is important for quantitatively predicting environmental impact volcanic gas plumes. Here, we present new experimental data coupled with modelling studies to investigate chemical processing volcanogenic species during tropospheric dispersion. Diffusive tube samplers were deployed at Mount Etna, a very active open-conduit basaltic volcano...
Direct‐sampling and remote‐sensing measurements were made at the crater rim of Masaya volcano (Nicaragua) to sample aerosol plume emanating from active vent. We report first size distribution fine silicate particles ( d < 10 μ m) in Masaya's plume, by automated scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) analysis a particle filter. The was approximately lognormal with modal ∼ 1.15 m. majority these found be spherical. These are interpreted droplets quenched magma produced spattering process....