Abstract Biochar properties are highly dependent on the feedstock type and operational conditions during thermochemical processing, in particular slow pyrolysis. To clarify this aspect, nine biochars were produced by pyrolyzing a macro TGA at 400, 550, 650 °C three different decorticated chopped biomasses. The studied biomasses representative of conifer (black pine) deciduous (poplar willow) woods. surface area, size, shape pores investigated means nitrogen adsorption isotherm, Hg...

Hydrothermal liquefaction is a promising technology for producing renewable advanced biofuels. However, some weaknesses could undermine its large-scale application, such as the significant carbon loss in aqueous phase (AP) and necessity of biocrude upgrading. In order to deal with these challenges, this work techno-economic feasibility coupling hydrothermal (HTL) reforming (APR) was evaluated. APR catalytic process able convert water-dissolved oxygenates into hydrogen-rich gas that can be...

Replacing fossil coal with sustainable alternatives is urgently needed to decarbonize the hard-to-abate steel industry and shift whole sector towards transition. The technical feasibility of substituting wood charcoal has already been investigated demonstrated: however, economic using biobased still far from acceptable commercial conditions. As a possible solution overcome problem, as well improve overall sustainability production, present work investigates techno-economic integrating slow...

Research in Advanced Biofuels steadily developed during recent years. A number of highly innovative technologies have been explored at various scale: among these, lignocellulosic ethanol and CTO (Crude Tall Oil)-biofuel already achieved the early-commercial status, while hydrotreating vegetable oils (HVO, or HEFA) can be considered today fully commercial. However, despite level innovation each specific technological process under consideration, feedstock maintains a central role making...

Secondary streams in biorefineries need to be valorized improve the economic and environmental sustainability of plants. Representative model compounds water fraction from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) biomass were subjected aqueous phase reforming (APR) produce hydrogen. Carboxylic bicarboxylic acids, hydroxyacids, alcohols, cycloketones aromatics identified as tested for APR. The tests performed with a Pt/C catalyst influence carbon concentration (0.3–1.8 wt. C%) was investigated....

Hydrothermal liquefaction of lignin-rich stream from lignocellulosic ethanol production at an industrial scale was carried out in a custom-made batch test bench. Light and heavy fractions the HTL biocrude were collected following ad-hoc developed two-steps solvent extraction method. A full factorial design experiment performed, investigating influence temperature, time biomass-to-water mass ratio (B/W) on product yields, elemental composition, molecular weight carbon balance. Total yields...

As with all transport modes, the maritime sector is undergoing a drastic transition towards net zero, similar to path in which Aviation already engaged through global decarbonization programs such as CORSIA for International Civil Organization, or Emission trading Scheme of European Union). Maritime indeed shares common element: difficulty shifting electric short medium term. Therefore, use sustainable fuels represents main and only relevant option this timeframe. biofuels will be used blend...

The water fraction derived from the hydrothermal liquefaction of a lignin-rich feedstock was subjected to aqueous phase reforming produce hydrogen. Deactivation catalyst observed, and it ascribed fouling phenomena caused by phenolic oligomers. Simple aromatics like guaiacol phenol, as well inorganics, were proved not be cause deactivation thanks use multi-component synthetic mixture. influence using activated carbon pretreatment studied, leading strong improvement performance when carried...

Abstract Biochar, produced through pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, is attracting increasing interest as soil amendment thanks to its potential numerous benefits agriculture, well ability sequester carbon in soil. Solid fraction digestate from anaerobic digestion a well-known N-rich substrate, most often composted large and small agro-industrial plants. Co-composting biochar has the synergistically increase agronomic value both components: however, it needs further process on-field...

The hydrothermal liquefaction reactions (HTL) in subcritical conditions of a lignin residue has been studied on lab scale. starting material was rich co-produced by an industrial plant situated Northern Italy producing lignocellulosic bioethanol. were carried out batch mode using stainless steel autoclaves. experiments under the following operating conditions: two different temperatures (300-350 °C), presence basis catalysts (NaOH, and NH4OH) concentrations presence/absence capping agent...

Abstract Lignin‐rich stream from lignocellulosic ethanol production was converted into biocrude by continuous hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) while hydrogen produced aqueous phase reforming (APR) of the HTL by‐product. The effects Na 2 CO 3 and NaOH were investigated both in terms processability feedstock as well yield composition obtained products. A maximum 27 wt% reached NaOH‐catalyzed runs. relevant amount dissolved phenolics detected co‐produced (AP), removed liquid–liquid extraction...

The aim of the present work is to investigate possibility producing activated carbons from residual lignin stream lignocellulosic ethanol biorefineries, as this represents an optimal opportunity exploit a and renewable material in perspective sustainable bioeconomy, increasing biorefinery incomes by value-added bioproducts conjunction with biofuels. Activated (ACs) were produced via chemical (KOH) physical (CO2) activation. Char samples obtained slow pyrolysis (SP) hydrothermal carbonization...

In this study, we investigate the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of PET separated from a densified postconsumer plastic mix, with aim recovering its monomer. This second raw material is made up 90% polyolefin, while remaining 10% PET, traces metals, paper, and glass. After preliminary separation by density in water, two batch experiments were performed on sunken fraction (composed mainly PET) stainless steel autoclave at 345 °C for 30 20 min. Both trials resulted similar yields three...

Abstract Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a well-known biological conversion process to obtain gaseous biofuel from organic matter: in fact, upgrading biogas biomethane mean substitute conventional natural gas. It also known that biochar can improve the production AD processes. In this work, different biochars have been produced various feedstocks at conditions. Biochars obtained carbonization of wheat straw (WS) and poplar (P) were Thermo Gravimetric Analyser lab scale, temperature 400 °C 2 h...