A5034634166- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Marriage and Sexual Relationships
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Blood disorders and treatments
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Gut microbiota and health
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Infant Nutrition and Health
University of Colorado Denver
2015-2025
Denver VA Medical Center
2009-2024
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
2008-2024
VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System
2007-2024
Veterans Health Administration
1991-2023
University of Colorado Health
2007-2022
University of Alabama at Birmingham
1999-2016
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
1991-2015
National Institutes of Health
1991-2015
University of Minnesota
1997-2015
Highly active antiretroviral treatment has resulted in dramatically increased life expectancy among patients with HIV infection who are now aging while receiving and at risk of developing chronic diseases associated advanced age. Similarities between the courses human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquired syndrome suggest that compresses process, perhaps accelerating comorbidities frailty. In a workshop organized by Association Specialty Professors, Infectious Diseases Society America,...
Cryptococcal meningitis accounts for 20 to 25% of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related deaths in Africa. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential survival; however, the question when ART should be initiated after diagnosis cryptococcal remains unanswered.We assessed survival at 26 weeks among 177 human virus-infected adults Uganda and South Africa who had not previously received ART. We randomly assigned study participants undergo either earlier initiation (1 2 diagnosis) or deferred...
Colonization of humans with Staphylococcus aureus is a critical prerequisite subsequent clinical infection the skin, blood, lung, heart and other deep tissues. S. persistently or intermittently colonizes nares approximately 50% healthy adults, whereas general population rarely never colonized by this pathogen. Because microbial consortia within nasal cavity may be an important determinant colonization we determined composition dynamics microbiota correlated specific microorganisms...
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the proximate cause of death in 20%-30% persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Africa.Two prospective, observational cohorts enrolled human virus (HIV)-infected, antiretroviral-naive CM Kampala, Uganda. The first cohort was 2001-2002 (n = 92), prior to availability highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and second 2006-2007 44), when HAART available.Ugandans presented prolonged symptoms (median duration, 14 days; interquartile range, 7-21...
David Boulware and colleagues investigate clinical features in a prospective cohort with AIDS recent cryptococcal meningitis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy to identify biomarkers for prediction diagnosis CM-IRIS (cryptococcal meninigitis-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome).
IgA, the major class of Ig in secretions, classically functions by interfering with microbial attachment to host tissues. Many mucosal pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae , express an IgA1 protease that may circumvent protective effects this subclass. Because these proteases are specific for human IgA1, we generated mAbs surface antigen pneumococcus, its capsular polysaccharide, and tested their effect a colonization model bacterial adherence respiratory epithelial cells culture....
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM)-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) complicates antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 20%-40% of ART-naive persons with AIDS and prior CM. Pathogenesis is unknown.
This paper resulted from a conference entitled "Lactation and Milk: Defining refining the critical questions" held at University of Colorado School Medicine January 18–20, 2012. The mission was to identify unresolved questions set future goals for research into human milk composition, mammary development lactation. We first outline unanswered regarding composition (Section I) mechanisms by which components affect neonatal development, growth health recommend models research. Emerging about...
Infants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women have high mortality, but the immunologic integrity and protection afforded by breast milk HIV-infected is unknown.We determined morbidity mortality 24 months among breast-fed infants 588 137 HIV-uninfected followed-up in a clinical trial Botswana. A matched case-control study compared clinical, behavioral, parameters 120 infant outcome. Breast factors were also between women.Twenty-four-month was 29.5% infants, 6.7% HIV-exposed...
The role of IgA in the control invasive mucosal pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae is poorly understood. We demonstrate that human pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide–specific initiated dose-dependent killing S. with complement and phagocytes. majority specific serum was polymeric form (pIgA), efficiency pIgA-initiated exceeded monomeric IgA–initiated killing. In absence complement, induced minimal bacterial adherence, uptake, Killing by resting phagocytes immune required...
Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common etiologic agents community-acquired pneumonia, particularly bacteremic pneumonia. Pneumolysin, a multifunctional cytotoxin, putative virulence factor for S. pneumoniae; however, direct role pneumolysin in early pathogenesis pneumococcal pneumonia has not been confirmed vivo. We compared growth pneumolysin-deficient (PLY[-]) type 2 strain with its isogenic wild-type (PLY[+]) after endotracheal instillation bacteria into murine lungs. Compared...
The suboptimal efficacy of the currently available 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in growing population adults >65 years old may be related to limited immunogenicity polysaccharides this group. In study, majority elderly outpatients with stable chronic illnesses generated a vigorous IgG response seven serotypes comparable that healthy young at 1, 3, and 16 months after immunization. Moreover, quality function anticapsular antibodies, measured as avidity vitro opsonization, were between...
Journal Article Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization, Bacteremia, and Immune Response among Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Get access Edward N. J Janoff, Janoff Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Infectious Disease Section (IIIF), VA Medical Center, One Veterans Dr., Minneapolis, MN 55417. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James O'Brien, O'Brien Patricia Thompson, Thompson Josephine Ehret, Ehret Gordon Meiklejohn, Meiklejohn...
We characterized the effect of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV) on levels total immunoglobulins and pneumococcal vaccine-specific in 28 heterosexual 25 homosexual men seronegative for HIV; 27 asymptomatic, seropositive men; 21 patients AIDS. Total serum IgG were increased both HIV-seropositive groups compared HIV-seronegative (P < .001). IgM levels,however, elevated only .08); IgA AIDS .05). Vaccine-specific IgG, IgM, significantly over baseline three six weeks after...