A5067194075- Marine animal studies overview
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Marine and fisheries research
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Maritime Navigation and Safety
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Ship Hydrodynamics and Maneuverability
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service
2014-2025
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center
2015-2025
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1999-2021
Ithaka Harbors
2018
Northwest Missouri State University
2017
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center
1991
Montana State University
1988
Quasi-Poisson and negative binomial regression models have equal numbers of parameters, either could be used for overdispersed count data. While they often give similar results, there can striking differences in estimating the effects covariates. We explain when why such occur. The variance a quasi-Poisson model is linear function mean while quadratic mean. These relationships affect weights iteratively weighted least-squares algorithm fitting to Because mean, large small counts get...
Climate-related shifts in marine mammal range and distribution have been observed some populations; however, the nature magnitude of future responses are uncertain novel environments projected under climate change. This poses a challenge for agencies charged with management conservation these species. Specialized diets, restricted ranges, or reliance on specific substrates sites (eg pupping) make many populations particularly vulnerable to High-latitude, predominantly ice-obligate, species...
A bstract method is presented for estimating age‐specific mortality based on minimal information: a model life table and an estimate of longevity. This approach uses expected patterns mammalian survivorship to define general rates. One such data northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) using Siler's (1979) 5‐parameter competing risk model. Alternative tables are historical human females published Old World monkeys. Survival rates marine mammal species then calculated by scaling these models...
Population structure and patterns of habitat use among ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are poorly known, in part because seasonal movements have not been adequately documented. We monitored the 98 Beaufort Chukchi seas between 1990 2006 using three forms telemetry. In winter—spring period (when were occupying shorefast ice), we used radio ultra-sonic tags to track above below ice, respectively. satellite-linked transmitters summer fall ranged away from their winter sites) at-sea movements. ice...
Summary Automated detection systems employing advanced technology (e.g. infrared imagery, auditory recording systems, pattern recognition software) are compelling tools for gathering animal abundance and distribution data since investigators can often collect more efficiently reduce disturbance relative to surveys using human observers. Even with these improvements, analysing be challenging because of potential incomplete detection, false positives species misidentification. We argue that...
Abstract Climate change-driven alterations in Arctic environments can influence habitat availability, species distributions and interactions, the breeding, foraging, health of marine mammals. Phocine distemper virus (PDV), which has caused extensive mortality Atlantic seals, was confirmed sea otters North Pacific Ocean 2004, raising question whether reductions ice could increase contact between sub-Arctic mammals lead to viral transmission across Ocean. Using data on PDV exposure infection...
Residues remaining after the harvest of crop and forestry products are being proposed as a substantial energy source for nation. An estimated 22 percent residues might be utilized, providing renewable high-grade with potential supplying 1 current U.S. gasoline consumption ethanol or 4 total electrical used. These net benefits limited by high costs to collect, transport, process residues. Environmental threats include soil erosion, water runoff, nutrient loss.
Summary The Argos satellite telemetry system is popular for studying the movement and space use of marine animals. life histories mammals, in particular, result a relatively large proportion inaccurate locations, thus making analysis methods that do not account location measurement error inappropriate these data. Using new Kalman filtering algorithm, now provides locations estimated ellipses associated with each fix, but to our knowledge, ellipse has yet be incorporated into analyses animal...
Abstract Inferences about animal behavior from movement models typically rely solely on location data, but auxiliary biotelemetry and environmental data are powerful readily available resources for incorporating much more behavioral realism. Integrating multiple streams can not only reveal hidden behaviors ecological relationships that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to infer alone, also facilitate realistic path reconstruction respects important features while bridging the...
Abstract The Retrospective Analysis of Antarctic Tracking Data (RAATD) is a Scientific Committee for Research project led jointly by the Expert Groups on Birds and Marine Mammals Biodiversity Informatics, endorsed Commission Conservation Living Resources. RAATD consolidated tracking data multiple species meso- top-predators to identify Areas Ecological Significance. These datasets accompanying syntheses provide greater understanding fundamental ecosystem processes in Southern Ocean, support...
Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) in the South Shetland Islands are recovering from 19th-century exploitation more slowly than main population at Georgia. To document demographic changes associated with recovery Shetlands, we monitored seal abundance and reproduction vicinity of Elephant Island during austral summers 1986/1987 through 1994/1995. Total births, mean variance birth dates, average daily mortality rates were estimated live pup counts North Cove (NC) Annex (NA) colonies...
A bstract The abundance of harbor seals ( Phoca vitulina richardii ) has declined in recent decades at several Alaska locations. causes these declines are unknown, but there is concern about the status populations, especially Gulf Alaska. To assess Alaska, we conducted aerial surveys on their haul‐out sites August‐September 1996. Many factors influence propensity to haul out, including tides, weather, time day, and year. Because “covariates” cannot simultaneously be controlled through survey...
The goal of this study was to model haul-out behavior harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Hood Canal region Washington State with respect changes physiological, environmental, and temporal covariates. Previous research has provided a solid understanding seal behavior. Here, we expand on that work using generalized linear mixed (GLMM) autocorrelation large dataset. Our dataset included behavioral records from archival VHF radio tag deployments 25 individual representing 61,430 hours. A novel...
Ecologists often fit models to survey data estimate and explain variation in animal abundance. Such typically require that density remains constant across the landscape where sampling is being conducted, a potentially problematic assumption for animals inhabiting dynamic landscapes or otherwise exhibiting considerable spatiotemporal density. We review several concepts from burgeoning literature on statistical models, including nature of temporal structure (i.e., descriptive dynamical)...
Ecologists are increasingly using statistical models to predict animal abundance and occurrence in unsampled locations. The reliability of such predictions depends on a number factors, including sample size, how far prediction locations from the observed data, similarity predictive covariates where data gathered desired. In this paper, we propose extending Cook's notion an independent variable hull (IVH), developed originally for application with linear regression models, generalized as way...
Ecologists often use transect surveys to estimate the density and abundance of animal populations. Errors in species classification are evident such surveys, yet few statistical methods exist properly account for them. In this paper, we examine biases that result from misidentification when ignored, develop models provide unbiased estimates face errors. Our approach treats true identity as a latent variable requires auxiliary information on misclassification process (such informative priors,...
Abstract Pinnipeds spend large portions of their lives at sea, submerged, or hauled-out on land, often remote off-shore islands. This fundamentally limits access by researchers to critical parts pinniped life history and has spurred the development implementation a variety externally attached telemetry devices (ETDs) collect information about movement patterns, physiology ecology marine animals when they cannot be directly observed. ETDs are less invasive easier apply than implanted internal...