A5037242913- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Gut microbiota and health
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Sodium Intake and Health
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
University of California, Davis
2014-2024
Western Human Nutrition Research Center
2014-2024
Agricultural Research Service
2012-2024
United States Department of Agriculture
2013-2024
West Health
2010-2019
Amplyx Pharmaceuticals (United States)
2009
University of California, San Francisco
1999-2004
The effects of adrenal corticosteroids on subsequent adrenocorticotropin secretion are complex. Acutely (within hours), glucocorticoids (GCs) directly inhibit further activity in the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis, but chronic actions (across days) these steroids brain excitatory. Chronically high concentrations GCs act three ways that functionally congruent. ( i ) increase expression corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA central nucleus amygdala, a critical node emotional brain. CRF...
Objective To determine whether adding mindfulness‐based eating and stress management practices to a diet‐exercise program improves weight loss metabolic syndrome components. Methods In this study 194 adults with obesity were randomized 5.5‐month or without mindfulness training identical guidelines. Intention‐to‐treat analyses multiple imputation used for missing data. The primary outcome was 18‐month change. Results Estimated effects comparing the control arm favored in (a) at 12 months,...
Sugar overconsumption and chronic stress are growing health concerns because they both may increase the risk for obesity its related diseases. Rodent studies suggest that sugar consumption activate a glucocorticoid-metabolic-brain-negative feedback pathway, which turn off response thereby reinforce habitual overconsumption.The objective of study was to test our hypothesized glucocorticoid-metabolic-brain model in women consuming beverages sweetened with either aspartame sucrose.This...
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a considerable burden to health care systems, with the public community largely in consensus that AMR will be major cause of death worldwide coming decades. Humans carry antibiotic microbes live and on us, collectively known as human microbiome.
Both CRF and norepinephrine (NE) inhibit food intake stimulate ACTH secretion sympathetic outflow. also increases anxiety; NE attention cortical arousal. Adrenalectomy (ADX) changes activity in brain, outflow reduces weight gain; all of these effects are corrected by administration adrenal steroids. Unexpectedly, we recently found that ADX rats drinking sucrose, but not saccharin, have normal caloric intake, metabolism, ACTH. Here, show (but sham-ADX) prefer to consume significantly more...
The ability of amylin to reduce acute food intake in rodents is well established. Longer-term administration rats (up 24 days) shows a concomitant reduction body weight, suggesting energy plays significant role mediating amylin-induced weight loss. current set experiments further explores the long-term effects (4–11 wk) on preference, expenditure, and composition. Furthermore, we describe effect locomotor activity kaolin consumption test for possible nonhomeostatic mechanisms that could...
Prenatal micronutrient supplements have been found to increase birth weight, but mechanisms for increased growth are poorly understood. Our hypotheses were that 1) women who receive lipid-based nutrient (LNS) during pregnancy would lower mean salivary cortisol concentration at 28 wk and 36 gestation compared the multiple (MMN) iron-folic acid (IFA) supplement groups 2) both perceived stress be associated with shorter duration of smaller size birth.Women enrolled in trial early randomized...
When allowed to drink sucrose, bilaterally adrenalectomized (ADX) rats exhibit normal weight gain, food intake, sympathetic neural activity, and ACTH compared with sham-ADX rats. Furthermore, ADX drinking sucrose have corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA throughout brain. In without all of these variables are abnormal. Systemic corticosterone (B) replacement also restores in normal. To test whether B acts centrally, we infused or saline intracerebroventricularly into under basal...
Metabolic imbalance is a key determinant of risk chronic diseases. health cannot be assessed solely by body mass calculations or static, fasted state biochemical readouts. Although previous studies have described temporal responses to dietary challenges, these fail assess the environmental factors associated with certain metabolic phenotypes and therefore, provide little scientific rationale for potentially effective intervention strategies.In this phenotyping study healthy US adults, we are...
Abstract In adrenalectomized (ADX) rats, either corticosterone replacement or increased sucrose intake will restore body weight gain, uncoupling protein‐1, fat depot mass, food and corticotropin‐releasing factor mRNA expression to normal. Here, we tested the potential interactions between circulating on behavioural, metabolic, autonomic neuroendocrine responses stress of cold. Rats were left intact, sham‐ADX, ADX replaced with pellets that provided normal, basal (30%B) high (100%B) constant...