Network-wide control of large-scale urban traffic networks using a hierarchical framework can be more efficient and flexible than centralized strategies for reducing the congestion in big cities, because it adequately address some problems that occur controlling such large systems, e.g., computational complexity, multiple objectives, weak robustness to uncertainties, so on. In this paper, we propose two-level networks. At upper level, based on decomposing heterogeneous network into several...

In this paper, we design a self-interference cancellation (SIC) scheme for in-band full-duplex (IBFD) radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems based on wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) architectures. By using single dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (DDMZM), over various bands up to 25 GHz, proposed SIC system can simultaneously cancel the downlink (DL) and modulate recovered uplink (UL) radio frequency (RF) signal. OFDM-RF signals are used study performances of first...

Urban traffic networks are large‐scale systems, consisting of many intersections controlled by lights and interacting connected links. For efficiently regulating the flows mitigating congestion in cities, a network‐wide control strategy should be implemented. Control is often infeasible only using single controller, that is, centralised way, because high dimension, complicated dynamics uncertainties system. In this study, authors propose multi‐agent approach congestion‐degree‐based serial...

In this letter, first, the symmetric 100-Gb/s time and wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network system is experimentally demonstrated, based on directly modulated lasers (DMLs) by 25-Gb/s none-return-to-zero signals. A bypass delay interferometer (DI) deployed in line terminal to mitigate signal distortion caused DML chirp fiber chromatic dispersion. The experimental results show that with DI, error free transmission achieved over 25-km single mode a power budget of 42 dB,...

We propose a microwave photonics system for radio frequency self-interference cancellation using optical techniques. With simple structure, this employs two low-cost directly modulated lasers and balanced photodetector to subtract the strong signal from corrupted received signal. For commonly used wireless applications, 40-dB within 900-MHz band 33-dB 2.4-GHz are experimentally obtained, both over 400-MHz bandwidth. Moreover, ultra-wideband cancellation, achieves more than 27-dB 6-GHz The...

The challenge of optimizing the distribution path for location logistics in cold chain warehousing fresh agricultural products presents a significant research avenue managing products. goal this issue is to identify optimal and warehouse centers optimize various objectives. When deciding on center, elements like market needs, supply infrastructure, transport expenses, delivery period are typically taken into account. Regarding routes delivery, efficient aim address issues shortening overall...

Recently, it has been shown that Macroscopic Fundamental Diagrams(MFDs) existing in large scale urban traffic networks paly an important role dynamic management, signal control and mitigation of congestion. A well defined MFD can be derived from a homogeneous network with similar conditions. In reality, however, most are usually heterogeneous various road types uneven distribution order to use the concept for controlling through hierarchical or decentralized methods, is necessary exploit...

Recent work has revealed a law governing flux fluctuation and the average in complex dynamical systems. We establish universality of this flux-fluctuation through following steps: (i) derive more general setting, showing that it depends on single parameter characterizing external driving; (ii) we conduct extensive numerical computations using distinct driving, different network topologies, multiple traffic routing strategies; (iii) analyze data from an actual vehicle system major city China...

A temperature-insensitive fiber-optic displacement sensing scheme by cascading the fiber up taper and Bragg grating is experimentally demonstrated. The strength-robust taper, which fabricated excessively splicing to interrogation fiber, functions as bridge between core mode cladding modes. This structure realizes cladding-mode backward recoupling, information can be directly read out measuring power of highly bending sensitive recoupled Two configurations that respectively utilize normal...

This paper proposes a Morkov state transition model for an isolated intersection in urban traffic and formulates the signal control problem as Markov Decision Process(MDP). In order to reduce computational burden, sensitivity-based policy iteration(PI) algorithm is introduced solve MDP. The proposed stage-varying according flow variation around intersection, matrices cost are updated so that new optimal can be searched by PI algorithm. also easily extended from network based on space-time...

Many efforts have been focused on the network-wide traffic signal optimization to deal with congestion problem in big cities. Nevertheless, research evidence illustrates that both improper network managements and excessive demands are key factors leading oversaturated conditions. Current studies encounter bottleneck addressing multi-objective problem. This point calls for designing hierarchical control framework. In this paper, we concern a two-level model-based predictive scheme improve...

We proposed an Upstream Multi-Wavelength Shared (UMWS) PON architecture based on a tunable self-seeding Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP-LD) at ONU.The performances of the wavelength and power stability, side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR), tuning range for module ONU are experimentally investigated.The BER is measured with direct modulation FP-LD 1.25 Gbps upstream data.The extensive simulations not only evaluate enhanced performance from wavelength-sharing, but also first time investigate impact...

We propose a tunable encoder/decoder based on polarization modulation for the spectrum amplitude coded-optical code-division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) passive optical network (PON) and experimentally demonstrate its coding/decoding performance first time. The experiment result verifies that with 40-dB blocking ratio can fully suppress unwanted spectral slices performs good capability. Code length of 45 code weight 9 are demonstrated proof-of-concept.

This paper concerns the integration of demand balance control and traffic flow coordination in a hierarchical framework for complex urban networks. At first level, network is partitioned into several subnetworks. The dynamics each subnetwork modeled by utilizing concept Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD), which relates network-wide space-mean number vehicles at aggregated level. model aims designing predictive controller (MPC), can improve internal inside regulating input flows from...

Competition and cooperation among agents in multi-agent systems can be effectively modeled as differential games. One of the typical tasks is capturing flag, which divided into attackers' alliance defenders' with two-phase competitive behaviors. The aims to capture flags first phase then return safe region second phase, while protect apprehend many attackers possible. Throughout interaction, are actively involved perception, cognitive learning, formulation optimal decisions rooted their...

A novel 25-GHz-spaced dense wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network (DWDM-PON) is proposed to improve the utilization of wavelength resource and mitigate Rayleigh backscattering (RB) back-reflection effects. colorless unit (ONU) realized by remodulating downstream (DS) signal via a gain-saturated reflective semiconductor amplifier (RSOA). Due simple interconnecting architecture at remote node (RN), DS upstream (US) signals in each feed fiber (FF) are carried on different...

Location based service (LBS) became more and popular.The core technology of LBS is positioning.For indoor positioning, the GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver can't provide accurate results even fails in positioning.This paper raises a method by using inertial sensors to realize continuous positioning.The used Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) algorithm, which utilized accelerometers gyros determine step, stride heading.In common PDR step counted when measured vertical impact larger than...

Traffic is essential for many dynamic processes on real networks, such as internet and urban traffic systems.The transport efficiency of the system can be improved by taking full advantage resources in system.In this paper, we propose a dual-strategy routing model network system, to realize plenary utility whole network.The packets are delivered according different "efficient strategies" [Yan, et al, Phys.Rev. E 73, 046108 (2006)].We introduce accumulate rate packets, η measure performance...

Traffic congestion is a serious problem for big cities. The model-based optimization control strategy an effective method decreasing traffic congestion. A proper performance criterion key factor effectively addressing different urban road network issues, example, mobility and Therefore, two criteria are proposed—L 2 -norm L ∞ indexes—for controllers. indexes aimed at keeping homogeneity congestion, respectively. For analysis of these criteria, case studies were conducted with the microscopic...