Purpose To investigate longitudinal changes in global and regional brain volume patients 1 year after mild traumatic injury (MTBI) to correlate such with clinical neurocognitive metrics. Materials Methods This institutional review board–approved study was HIPAA compliant. Twenty-eight MTBI (with 19 followed up at year) posttraumatic symptoms 22 matched control subjects 12 were enrolled. Automated segmentation of regions compute gray matter (GM) white (WM) volumes performed by using...

Abstract Sixty higher‐level outpatients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), all at least 1 year post‐injury, were randomly assigned to either conventional group neuropsychological rehabilitation or an innovative treatment focused on the of problem‐solving deficits. Incorporating strategies for addressing underlying emotional self‐regulation and logical thinking/reasoning deficits, is unique in its attention both motivational, attitudinal, affective processes skills persons TBI. Participants...

A series of empirical studies was conducted to develop and validate the Quick Discrimination Index (QDI), a 30-item, Likert-type self-report inventory. The QDI measures attitudes toward racial diversity (multiculturalism) women's equality is appropriate for late adolescents adults. instrument has applicability across racial/ethnic groups. Exploratory factor analyses examining both orthogonal oblique rotations indicate that best conceptualized as tridimensional measure attitudes. Three...

Primary objective: To determine if individuals with brain injury can modify heart rate variability (HRV) through biofeedback and, so, enhance its pattern to improve emotional regulation and problem-solving ability.Design: A quasi-experimental design repeated measures was employed. Thirteen aged 23–63 years severe (13–40 post-onset) participating in a community-based programme were enrolled.Main outcomes: Response-to-treatment measured HRV indices, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive...

The field of positive psychology has grown exponentially within the last decade. To date, however, there have been few empirical initiatives to clarify constructs as they relate rehabilitation medicine. Character strengths, and in particular resilience, following neurological trauma are clinically observable settings, greater knowledge way which these factors treatment variables may allow for enhanced conceptualization planning.The goal this study was explore relationships between (character...

We seek to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology of injury sustained after mild traumatic brain (mTBI) using multi-shell diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, deriving compartment-specific white matter tract integrity (WMTI) metrics. WMTI allows a more biophysical interpretation (WM) changes by describing microstructural characteristics in both intra- and extra-axonal environments. Thirty-two patients with mTBI within 30 days 21 age- sex-matched controls were imaged on 3 Tesla scanner....

Working memory is a complex cognitive process at the intersection of sensory processing, learning, and short-term also has general executive attention component. Impaired working associated with range neurological psychiatric disorders, but very little known about how relates to underlying white matter (WM) microstructure. In this study, we investigate association between WM microstructure performance on tasks in healthy adults (right-handed, native English speakers). We combine compartment...

In this paper, we propose bag of adversarial features (BAFs) for identifying mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) patients from their diffusion magnetic resonance images (MRIs) (obtained within one month injury) by incorporating unsupervised feature learning techniques. MTBI is a growing public health problem with an estimated incidence over 1.7 million people annually in USA. Diagnosis based on clinical history and symptoms, accurate, concrete measures are lacking. Unlike most the previous...

Working memory impairment is one of the most troubling and persistent symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Here we investigate how working deficits relate to detectable WM microstructural injuries discover robust biomarkers that allow early identification patients with MTBI at highest risk impairment.Multi-shell diffusion MR imaging was performed on a 3T scanner 5 b-values. Diffusion metrics fractional anisotropy, diffusivity kurtosis (mean, radial, axial), tract integrity were...

Three inter-related studies examine the construct of problem solving as it relates to assessment deficits in higher level outpatients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sixty-one persons TBI and 58 uninjured participants completed measures conceptually related constructs, which included neuropsychological tests, self-report inventories, roleplayed scenarios. In Study I, control groups performed no significant differences on memory, reasoning, executive function, but medium large...

Cognitive and emotional symptoms are primary causes of long-term functional impairment after acquired brain injury (ABI). Although the occurrence post-ABI difficulties is well-documented, most investigators have focused on impact depression functioning ABI, with few examining role anxiety. Knowledge latter's essential for optimal treatment planning in neurorehabilitation settings. The purpose present study therefore to examine predictive relationships between cognition, anxiety, an ABI...

Cognitive impairments are common in individuals with MS and adversely affect functioning. Early detection of cognitive impairment, therefore, would enable earlier, possibly more effective, treatment. We sought to compare self-reports a short neuropsychological test as possible screening tools for impairment.One hundred patients were tested the Minimal Assessment Function Multiple Sclerosis; z scores used derive Index (CI). Receiver operator characteristic curve analyses performed, criteria...

Racial/ethnic minorities and other vulnerable social groups experience health care disparities. There is a lack of research exploring how time to acute rehabilitation admission impacted by race/ethnicity marginalizing systemic vulnerabilities. The purpose this study investigate whether sociodemographic vulnerabilities impact expediency following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Research Method/Design: This secondary analysis an existing dataset 111 patients admitted for TBI at urban public...

Objective: To enhance understanding of the role that social problem solving (SPS) plays in communityintegration following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Study Design: Regression analysis. Participants:Forty-five adults with TBI participating higher level outpatient cognitive rehabilitation and 15uninjured adults. Main Outcome Measures: Measures community integration, problem-solvingability, SPS self-appraisal performance. Results: Individuals demonstrated poorerproblem-solving as measured by...

The current article describes critical issues in adapting traditional group-treatment methods for working with individuals reduced cognitive capacity secondary to acquired brain injury. Using the classification system based on functional ability developed at NYU Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (RIRM), we delineate and interpersonal capabilities that differentiate group-participation capacity. An overview RIRM interventional process, including strategies change (cognitive...

This article describes a study using heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback to treat emotional dysregulation in 13 individuals with severe chronic brain injury. Measures included HRV indices, tests of attention and problem solving, informant reports behavioral regulation. Results demonstrated that injury were able learn increase coherence between the parasympathetic sympathetic nervous systems. Individuals who attained greatest rated as being best regulate their emotions behavior.

Importance Few evidence-based treatments are available for Gulf War illness (GWI). Behavioral that target factors known to maintain the disability from GWI, such as problem-solving impairment, may be beneficial. Problem-solving treatment (PST) targets impairment and is an other conditions. Objective To examine efficacy of PST reduce disability, physical symptoms in GWI. Design, Setting, Participants This multicenter randomized clinical trial conducted US Department Veterans Affairs compared...

To compare the relative utility of conventional neuropsychological and social problem-solving approaches to measuring functional problem solving deficits in individuals with acquired brain damage (ABD).In Study I, scores for ABD were compared control normative samples. In II, pre- posttest who completed a program outpatient cognitive rehabilitation.In healthy controls. posttreatment assessments obtained 34 ABD.Two used, (WAIS-R/II Comprehension subtest Wisconsin Card Sorting Test) (Problem...