A5041720030- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Environmental Policies and Emissions
- Marine animal studies overview
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Global Health Care Issues
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Maritime Ports and Logistics
- Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Market Dynamics and Volatility
Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon
2016-2025
Philips (United Kingdom)
2014-2020
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)
2015-2018
Institute of Marine and Coastal Research
2014
Leuphana University of Lüneburg
2010-2011
Abstract. The EURODELTA III exercise has facilitated a comprehensive intercomparison and evaluation of chemistry transport model performances. Participating models performed calculations for four 1-month periods in different seasons the years 2006 to 2009, allowing influence meteorological conditions on performances be evaluated. was with strict requirements input data, few exceptions. As consequence, most differences outputs will attributed formulations chemical physical processes. were...
In central Europe, ammonium sulphate and nitrate make up a large fraction of fine particles which pose threat to human health. Most studies on air pollution through particulate matter investigate the influence emission reductions sulphur- nitrogen oxides aerosol concentration. Here, we focus ammonia (NH3) emissions. Emission scenarios have been created basis improved parameterization implemented in SMOKE for Europe CMAQ model systems described part I this study. This includes emissions based...
Abstract. The North Sea is one of the areas with highest ship traffic densities worldwide. At any time, about 3000 ships are sailing its waterways. Previous scientific publications have shown that contribute significantly to atmospheric concentrations NOx, particulate matter and ozone. Especially in case ozone, this influence can even be seen regions far away from main shipping routes. In order quantify effects on air quality bordering states, it essential determine emissions as accurately...
Abstract. Current understanding of mercury (Hg) behavior in the atmosphere contains significant gaps. Some key characteristics Hg processes, including anthropogenic and geogenic emissions, atmospheric chemistry, air–surface exchange, are still poorly known. This study provides a complex analysis processes governing fate involving both measured data from ground-based sites simulation results chemical transport models. A variety long-term measurements gaseous elemental (GEM) reactive (RM)...
Abstract. The impact of air pollution on human health and the associated external costs in Europe United States (US) for year 2010 are modeled by a multi-model ensemble regional models frame third phase Air Quality Modelling Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII3). surface concentrations O3, CO, SO2 PM2.5 used as input to Economic Valuation Pollution (EVA) system calculate resulting impacts from each individual model. Along with base case simulation, additional runs were performed...
Abstract. Through the comparison of several regional-scale chemistry transport modeling systems that simulate meteorology and air quality over European North American continents, this study aims at (i) apportioning error to responsible processes using timescale analysis, (ii) helping detect causes model error, (iii) identifying temporal scales most urgently requiring dedicated investigations. The analysis is conducted within framework third phase Air Quality Model Evaluation International...
Significance The atmospheric chemistry of mercury, a global priority pollutant, is key to its transport and deposition the surface environment. Assessments risks humans ecosystems rely on an accurate understanding mercury cycling. This work shows that chemical reactions rates currently employed interpret Hg in atmosphere fails explain observed concentrations deposition. We report model simulations incorporating recent developments photoreduction mechanisms oxidized forms (Hg I II ) lead...
Abstract. The ability of monomethylmercury (MMHg+) to bioaccumulate in seafood is concern due its neurotoxic properties. Understanding the bioaccumulation MMHg+ challenging because content at higher trophic levels depends on both bioconcentration and biomagnification. Furthermore, Hg can occur several chemical species, including Hg2+ MMHg+, which bioaccumulate. Although dominant pathway for into primary producers subsequent biomagnification levels, other pathways contribute bioaccumulation....
Abstract. The US EPA regional emission model SMOKE was adopted and modified to create temporally spatially distributed for Europe surrounding countries based on official reports public domain data only. aim is develop a flexible capable of creating consistent high resolution long-term runs Chemical Transport Models (CTMs). This version SMOKE, called EUROPE (SMOKE-EU) successfully used hourly gridded emissions the timespan 1970–2010. In this paper SMOKE-EU underlying European datasets are...
Abstract. The evaluation and intercomparison of air quality models is key to reducing model errors uncertainty. projects AQMEII3 EURODELTA-Trends, in the framework Task Force on Hemispheric Transport Air Pollutants Measurements Modelling, respectively (both task forces under UNECE Convention Long Range Pollution, LTRAP), have brought together various regional analyze their performance terms concentrations wet deposition, as well address other specific objectives.This paper jointly examines...
Abstract. Air pollution due to shipping is a serious concern for coastal regions in Europe. Shipping emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) air over the Baltic Sea are similar magnitude (330 kt yr−1) as combined land-based NOx from Finland and Sweden all emission sectors. Deposition compounds originating activities contribute eutrophication areas region. For North control area (NECA) will become effective 2021; accordance with International Maritime Organization (IMO) target reducing ships....
Abstract. Ship emissions in ports can have a significant impact on local air quality (AQ), population exposure and therefore human health harbour cities. We determined the of shipping harbours AQ Baltic Sea cities Rostock (Germany), Riga (Latvia) urban agglomeration Gdańsk–Gdynia (Poland) for 2012. An study was performed using global-to-local chemistry transport model chain with EPISODE-CityChem scale. simulated NO2, O3 PM concentrations 2012 aim determining activities Based concentrations,...
Abstract. Scenarios for future shipping emissions in the North Sea have been developed framework of Clean Shipping project. The effects changing NOx and SO2 were investigated with CMAQ chemistry transport model year 2030 area. It has found that, compared to today, contribution NO2 O3 concentrations will increase due expected enhanced traffic by more than 20 5 %, respectively, if no regulation further emission reductions is implemented PM2.5 decrease slightly because sulfur contents ship...
In the framework of third phase Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII3), and as contribution to second Hemispheric Transport Pollution (HTAP2) activities for Europe North America, impacts a 20 % decrease global regional anthropogenic emissions on surface air pollutant levels in 2010 are simulated by an international community regional-scale quality modeling groups, using different state-of-the-art chemistry transport models (CTMs). The emission perturbations at level,...
In the German project Traffic Development and Environment an advanced model chain was built up that includes traffic models, fleet composition developments, new driving technologies, emission factors in order to produce spatio-temporal distributions for use atmospheric chemistry transport models. This novel first used calculate current day emissions Germany then develop consistent future scenarios 2040. all scenarios, NOx from decrease by approximately 80% while PM show a lower reduction....
Abstract. The Minamata Convention on Mercury (Hg) entered into force in 2017, committing its 116 parties (as of January 2019) to curb anthropogenic emissions. Monitoring atmospheric concentrations and trends is an important part the effectiveness evaluation convention. A few years ago (in 2017) we reported increasing trend Hg at Cape Point Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) station South Africa (34.3535∘ S, 18.4897∘ E) for 2007–2015 period. With 2 more measurements 2012–2017 data from Amsterdam...
We present in this technical note the research protocol for phase 4 of Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII4). This initiative is divided into two activities, collectively having three goals: (i) to define current state science with respect representations wet and especially dry deposition regional models, (ii) quantify extent which different parameterizations influence retrospective air pollutant concentration flux predictions, (iii) identify, through use a common...
Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant with substantial risks to human and ecosystem health. By upward transport in tropical regions, mercury enters into the stratosphere, but contribution of stratosphere dispersion deposition remains unknown. We find that between 5 50% (passing through 400-kelvin isentropic surface tropopause, respectively) mass deposited on Earth’s chemically processed lower stratosphere. Our results show as unique chemical environment where elemental efficiently converted...