Since the discovery of aflatoxins in 1960s, much research has focused on detecting toxins contaminated food and feedstuffs interest public safety. Most traditional detection methods involved lengthy culturing and/or separation techniques or analytical instrumentation complex, multistep procedures that required destruction samples for accurate toxin determination. With more regulations acceptable levels place, modern have become quite sophisticated, capable achieving results with very high...

Aflatoxin contamination of maize is a major food safety issue worldwide. The problem special significance in African countries because staple food. This manuscript describes low-cost, portable, non-invasive device for detecting and sorting aflatoxin-contaminated kernels. We developed prototype employing modified, normalized difference fluorescence index (NDFI) detection method to identify potentially Once identified, these contaminated kernels can be manually removed by the user. consists...

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between fluorescence emissions corn kernels inoculated with Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin contamination levels within kernels. Aflatoxin in has been a long-standing problem plaguing grain industry potentially devastating consequences growers. In study, aflatoxin-contaminated were produced through artificial inoculation ears field toxigenic A. spores. kernel emission data taken hyperspectral imaging system when excited ultraviolet...

Conventional methods for detecting aflatoxigenic fungus and aflatoxin contamination are generally time-consuming, sample-destructive, require skilled personnel to perform, making them impossible large-scale nondestructive screening detection, real-time, on-site analysis. Therefore, the potential of visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy over 400-2500 nm spectral range was examined determination infection corresponding on corn kernels in a rapid manner. The two A. flavus strains, AF13...

<abstract> Aflatoxin contamination in agricultural products has been an important and long-standing problem around the world. Produced by certain fungal species of genus, aflatoxins are highly toxic carcinogenic. This study investigated integration fluorescence reflectance visible near-infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral images to detect whole corn kernels. Field-inoculated ears were harvested, kernels having different aflatoxin levels collected. Both under ultraviolet (UV) excitation halogen...

In this paper, a novel procedure is put forward to fabricate epoxy insulators with surface functionally graded material (SFGM) optimized conductivity as obtained from the field non-uniformity and leakage current. For fabrication, temperature control system employed form spatial gradient, thus regulating fluorination top bottom of insulator surface. Flashover tests are reported under DC voltage, voltage polarity reversal; results show effectiveness SFGM improve performance insulator. A trap...

A genetic-algorithm-based selective principal component analysis (GA-SPCA) method is proposed and tested using hyperspectral remote sensing data ground reference collected within an agricultural field. The uses a global optimizer, the genetic algorithms, to select subset of original image bands, which first reduces dimension. transformation subsequently applied selected bands. By extracting features from resulting eigenimage, data, originally high in dimension, will be further reduced...

This paper studies the effect of storage techniques for transporting collected plant leaves from field to laboratory hyperspectral analysis. The strategy collecting leaf samples in analysis is typically used when ground truthing needed remote sensing studies. Results indicate that accuracy measurements depends on a combination technique (in cooler or outside cooler), time elapsed between and measuring laboratory, species. A nonlinear model fitting method proposed estimate spectrum decaying...

A currently utilized pre-harvest biocontrol method involves field inoculations with non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains, a tactic shown to strategically suppress native aflatoxin-producing strains and effectively decrease aflatoxin contamination in corn. The present situ study focuses on tracking the invasion colonization of an aflatoxigenic A. strain (AF70), labeled green fluorescent protein (GFP), presence (AF36) better understand competitive interaction between these two seed...

Abstract In an effort to address the problem of rapid detection aflatoxin in grain, particularly oilseeds, current study assessed spectral differences production kernels from a cornfield inoculated with spores 2 different strains toxigenic Aspergillus flavus . Aflatoxin corn same field due natural infestation was also assessed. A small plot Baton Rouge, La., U.S.A., used during 2008‐growing season. Two groups 400 plants were inocula and 1 group designated as controls. Any contamination...

Glyphosate drift onto off-target sensitive crops can reduce growth and yield is of great concern to growers pesticide applicators. Detection herbicide injury using biological responses tedious, so more convenient rapid detection methods are needed. The objective this research was determine the effects glyphosate on non-glyphosate-resistant (non-GR) soybean correlate vegetation indices (VIs) derived from aerial multispectral imagery.Plant height, shoot dry weight chlorophyll (CHL) content...

Current methods for detecting aflatoxin contamination of agricultural and food commodities are generally based on wet chemical analyses, which time-consuming, destructive to test samples, require skilled personnel perform, making them impossible large-scale nondestructive screening on-site detection. In this study, we utilized visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy over the spectral range 400-2500 nm detect commercial, shelled peanut kernels (runner type) with predominant B1 (AFB1)....

Early detection of crop injury from off-target drift herbicide is critical in production. Subtle changes canopy reflectance could present useful information to detect the onset stress. This study was conducted a greenhouse evaluate portable spectroradiometer and chlorophyll fluorometer for caused by glyphosate spray. Non-glyphosate resistant soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) plants were sprayed with using pneumatic track sprayer spray chamber. Four received rate 0.86 kg ae/ha four 0.086 ae/ha....

Abstract Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a common liver disease during pregnancy, that has serious complications. This study aimed to compare the blood inflammation and biochemical markers pregnant women with ICP in Southwest China analyse their diagnostic value for ICP. A controlled cross-sectional was conducted, routine indicators 304 diagnosed patients 363 healthy undergoing prenatal examination were assessed. The inflammatory compared between groups normal groups. In this...