This study demonstrates that computational modeling and, in particular, agent‐based (ABM) offers a viable compatriot to traditional experimental methodologies for criminology scholars. ABM can be used as means operationalize and test hypothetical mechanisms offer potential explanation commonly observed criminological phenomena. tests whether the hypothesized of environmental are sufficient produce several characteristics crime. We present an residential burglary, simulating world inhabited...

Objectives: This study builds on research undertaken by Bernasco and Nieuwbeerta explores the generalizability of a theoretically derived offender target selection model in three cross-national regions. Methods: Taking discrete spatial choice approach, we estimate impact both environment- offender-level factors residential burglary placement Netherlands, United Kingdom, Australia. Combining cleared data from all regions single statistical model, make comparisons between environments....

Abstract This paper connects the problem of artificial intelligence (AI)-facilitated academic misconduct with crime-prevention based recommendations about prevention in more traditional forms. Given that is not a new phenomenon, there are lessons to learn from established information relating perpetration and frameworks for prevention. The relevance existing crime addressing AI-facilitated discussed concludes by outlining some ideas future research preventing monitoring student attitudes...

An agent-based model is a form of complex systems that capable simulating how the micro-level behavior individual system entities contributes to macro-level outcomes. Researchers draw on theory and evidence identify key elements given specify behaviors agents simulate system—be they cells, animals, or people. The then used run simulations in which interact with one another resulting outcomes are observed. These models enable researchers explore proposed causal explanations real-world...

Abstract Street networks shape day‐to‐day activities in complex ways, dictating where, when, and what contexts potential victims, offenders, crime preventers interact with one another. Identifying generalizable principles of such influence offers considerable utility to theorists, policy makers, practitioners. Unfortunately, key difficulties associated the observation these interactions, control settings within which they take place, limit traditional empirical approaches that aim uncover...

There has been some discussion about agent-based modelling (ABM) and theory, particularly how ABM might facilitate theory building. However, there is confusion the different ways they could relate scepticism as to whether needed if one an ABM. This paper distinguishes of that term "theory" used in papers three important journals: Environmental Modelling & Software, Computers, Environment Urban Systems Journal Artificial Societies Social Simulation. Apart from simple-minded identification...

Recent studies have hypothesised that the international crime drop was result of rise in cybercrime. We subject this 'cybercrime hypothesis' to critical assessment. find significant evidence and argument indicating cybercrime could not caused drop, so we reject hypothesis.

This paper seeks to explore police officer perception of the spatial distribution residential burglary over different time periods. Using a survey officers across three English basic command units (BCUs), it examines accuracy their impressions locations crime preceding year and two weeks. It also explores how these perceptions might affect deployment resources action. The results suggest that whilst have good idea where occurred year, they are less accurate for recent risk because short-term...

Abstract We present a novel exploratory application of unsupervised machine-learning methods to identify clusters specific crime problems from unstructured modus operandi free-text data within single administrative classification. To illustrate our proposed approach, we analyse police recorded narrative descriptions residential burglaries occurring over two-year period in major metropolitan area the UK. Results analyses demonstrate that topic modelling algorithms are capable clustering...

Objectives: Apply computational agent-based modeling to explore the generative sufficiency of several mechanisms derived from field environmental criminology in explaining commonly observed patterns interpersonal victimization. Method: Controlled simulation experiments compared simulated victimization three empirically regularities crime using established statistical techniques: (1) spatial clustering (nearest neighbor index), (2) repeat (Gini coefficient), and (3) journeys (Pearson’s...

Research in modelling housing market dynamics using agent-based models (ABMs) has grown due to the rise of accessible individual-level data. This research involves forecasting house prices, analysing urban regeneration, and impact economic shocks. There is a trend towards machine learning (ML) algorithms enhance ABM decision-making frameworks. study investigates exogenous shocks UK integrates reinforcement (RL) adapt an ABM. Results show agents can learn real-time trends make decisions...

Agent-based modelling (ABM) is a facet of wider Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) research that explores the collective behaviour individual `agents', and implications their interactions have for systemic behaviour. The method has been shown to hold considerable value in exploring understanding human societies, but still largely confined use academia. This particularly evident field Urban Analytics; one characterised by new forms data combination with computational approaches gain insight into urban...

Abstract Independent analysis of police, fire, and ambulance calls for service demonstrates common patterns in emergency activity. Targeted, place-focused interventions have been demonstrated to prevent future problems services. This research builds on these findings examine the spatial temporal intersection incidents explore potential utility enhanced collaboration between emergency-first responders. Using police fire data from Surrey, BC, Canada, 2011 2013, police-, fire-,...

Roadside collisions are a significant problem faced by all countries. Urbanisation has led to an increase in traffic congestion and roadside vehicle collisions. According the UK Government’s Department for Transport, most occur on urban roads, with empirical evidence showing drivers more likely break local fixed speed limits environments. Analysis conducted Transport found that UK’s accident prevention measure’s cost is estimated be £33bn per year. Therefore, there strong motivation...

This article explores the potential for Natural Language Processing (NLP) to enable a more effective, prevention focused and less confrontational policing model that has hitherto been too resource consuming implement at scale. Problem-Oriented Policing (POP) is replacement, least in part, traditional which adopts reactive approach, relying heavily on criminal justice system. By contrast, POP seeks prevent crime by manipulating underlying conditions allow crimes be committed. Identifying...

Abstract In recent years, internet connectivity and the ubiquitous use of digital devices have afforded a landscape expanding opportunity for proliferation scams involving attempts to deceive individuals into giving away money or personal information. The impacts these schemes on victims shown encompass social, psychological, emotional economic harms. Consequently, there is strong rationale enhance our understanding in order devise ways which they can be disrupted. One way do so through...