This article presents a novel approximate adder that is design-optimized and has optimized error metrics. Optimization in design translates into optimization of the parameters such as delay, power, area/resources, metrics points to usefulness proposed for practical applications. We refer hardware having near-normal distribution HOAANED, short. consider implementation HOAANED other adders based on ASIC FPGA environments. used Xilinx Artix-7 device implementation, 32/28-nm CMOS standard...

This article describes the design of approximate array multipliers by making vertical or horizontal cuts in an accurate multiplier followed different input and output assignments within multiplier. We consider a digital image denoising application show how combinations affect quality denoised images. several for synthesis. The were described Verilog hardware description language synthesized Synopsys Design Compiler using 32/28-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. results...

This paper presents a new hardware optimized approximate adder that has practically zero average error and normal i.e., Gaussian distribution. We call the proposed HOAANED, which is expanded as with considered use of HOAANED for digital image processing alongside accurate many other adders practical analysis. In particular, additions involved in performing fast Fourier Transform inverse transform operations to reconstruct images were implemented using separately. found improves peak...

Sensing and data aggregation capabilities of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) depends on efficient deployment nodes (SNs) in an area. In a large surveillance space, there is need for more SNs to cover important crucial events despite the optimum coverage. The authors propose event-based algorithm (EEDA) relocation redundant sensors event location achieve full They divide region into small square cells that allows individual be efficiently monitored, instead considering whole scenario as one...

We present a new approximate adder with reduced error and optimized design metrics. The proposed is derived by modifying an existing HERLOA called modified or M-HERLOA in short. considered systematic modification of to derive optimum for digital image processing application. calculated popular parameters such as mean absolute (also distance) root square the adders. estimated metrics accurate adders based on FPGA ASIC (standard cell based) implementations. compare performance application...

Approximate or inaccurate addition is found to be viable for practical applications which have an inherent error tolerance. realized using approximate adder, and many adder designs been put forward in the literature targeting acceptable trade-off between quality of results savings design metrics compared accurate adder. adders can classified into three categories as: (a) suitable FPGA implementation, (b) ASIC type (c) implementations. Among these, adders, are implementations particularly...

Inaccurate computing is found to be a high-speed, low-power and energy-efficient alternative accurate for error-tolerant applications. In this context, paper analyzes the usefulness of inaccurate digital image processing application, viz. blending, which has been less explored. We analyze use addition blending used in applications such as photo editing computer graphics. For experimentation, we considered two images using separately. many architectures are suitable implementation both FPGA...

Rising criminal activities and demand of robust security solutions, detection tracking every minute detail suspicious activity or object has become a topic interest for researchers all around the world.In this paper, we propose an approach based on Digital Image Video processing to detect track motion multiple objects during phenomenon occlusion activate alert if is dropped long period time in region concentration camera.The proposed method can be utilized video surveillance system been...

This paper analyzes the usefulness of approximate addition for digital image compression. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is an important operation in We used accurate and individually while calculating DCT to perform Accurate was performed using adder different adders individually. The were implemented application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)-type design environment a 32–28 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) standard cell library field programmable gate array...

Image blending, which involves a mix of images, is used in computer graphics and photo editing. For example, two images can be blended through addition or multiplication. Usually, accurate multiplication performed to blend the images. In this paper, we discuss image blending using approximate We show that yield visually similar as an example illustration. systematic approximation array multiplier by introducing series vertical cuts it assign different combinations binary values dangling...

This paper investigates the application of approximate addition in digital image compression. Discrete cosine transform (DCT) is an important operation compression and we considered utilizing accurate separately while calculating DCT. Accurate was performed using adder different adders. adders were implemented ASIC design environment a 32-28nm CMOS standard cell library FPGA Xilinx Artix-7 device. Error analysis has been to calculate mean absolute error root square by considering one million...

Approximate arithmetic circuits are an attractive alternative to accurate because they have significantly reduced delay, area, and power, albeit at the cost of some loss in accuracy. By keeping errors due approximate computation within acceptable limits, can be used for various practical applications such as digital signal processing, filtering, low power graphics neuromorphic computing, hardware realization neural networks artificial intelligence machine learning etc. The degree...

Digital image blending is commonly used in applications such as photo editing and computer graphics where two images are combined to produce a desired blended image. can be by addition or multiplication, usually exact multiplication performed for blending. In this paper, we evaluate the usefulness of inexact digital Towards this, describe how an array multiplier made introducing vertical cut(s) it assigning distinct combinations binary values dangling inputs product bits. We considered many...

The authors wish to correct the mistakes in Figures 3a and 4a,b of article [...]

The operation of Active Mobility Devices (AMDs) such as electric scooters (e-scooters) and bikes (e-bikes) on shared paths results in regular interactions AMD riders with pedestrians cyclists. To ensure safety, there is a need to understand better the factors associated collision risk path sharing.A survey 369 e-bike 133 e-scooter was conducted across Singapore riders’ perspective regarding function safety aspects design features, purpose riding device, risk-taking behaviour, attitude,...