A5000863608- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Marine and fisheries research
- Climate variability and models
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Geological formations and processes
Dalhousie University
2016-2025
Oregon State University
2001-2013
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2003-2007
Harvard University
2005
Yale University
2005
American Museum of Natural History
2005
Massachusetts General Hospital
2005
Planetary Science Institute
2005
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2005
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research
1999-2001
The biogeochemistry of continental shelf systems plays an important role in the global elemental cycling nitrogen and carbon, but remains poorly quantified. We have developed a high‐resolution physical‐biological model for U.S. east coast adjacent deep ocean that is nested within basin‐wide North Atlantic circulation order to estimate fluxes area Middle Bight (MAB). Our biological relatively simple representation processes water column organic matter remineralization at water‐sediment...
The Argo Program has been implemented and sustained for almost two decades, as a global array of about 4000 profiling floats. provides continuous observations ocean temperature salinity versus pressure, from the sea surface to 2000 dbar. successful installation its innovative data management system arose opportunistically combination great scientific need technological innovation. Through system, fundamental physical with broad societally-valuable applications, built on cost-efficient robust...
In this paper we review on the technologies available to make globally quantitative observations of particles, in general, and plankton, particular, world oceans, for sizes varying from sub-micron centimeters. Some these have been years while others only recently emerged. Use is critical improve understanding processes that control abundances, distributions composition provide data necessary constrain ecosystem biogeochemical models, forecast changes marine ecosystems light climate change....
Abstract We report a new synthesis of best estimates the inputs fixed nitrogen to world ocean via atmospheric deposition and compare this fluvial dinitrogen fixation. evaluate scale human perturbation these fluxes. Fluvial dominate continental shelf, we estimate that about 75% escapes from shelf open ocean. Biological fixation is main external source ocean, i.e., beyond shelf. Atmospheric primary mechanism by which land‐based inputs, hence perturbations cycle, reach anthropogenic are...
Abstract The coastal ocean contributes to regulating atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations by taking up carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and releasing nitrous oxide (N O) methane (CH 4 ). In this second phase of the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment Processes (RECCAP2), we quantify global fluxes CO , N O CH using an ensemble gap‐filled observation‐based products biogeochemical models. is a net sink in both observational models, but magnitude median uptake ∼60% larger models (−0.72 vs. −0.44 PgC...
The Paris Agreement to limit global warming well below 2°C requires drastic reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and the balancing of any remaining by carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Due uncertainties about potential durability many land-based approaches deliver sufficient CDR, marine CDR options are receiving more interest. We present current state knowledge regarding potentials, risks, side effects as challenges associated with technical feasibility, governance, monitoring, reporting...
On the basis of a carbon isotopic record both marine carbonates and organic matter from Triassic-Jurassic boundary to present, we modeled oxygen concentrations over past 205 million years. Our analysis indicates that atmospheric approximately doubled this period, with relatively rapid increases in early Jurassic Eocene. We suggest overall increase oxygen, mediated by formation passive continental margins along Atlantic Ocean during opening phase current Wilson cycle, was critical factor...
In oligotrophic lakes and oceans, the deep chlorophyll maximum may form independently of a phytoplankton biomass, because ratio to biomass (in units carbon) increases with acclimation reduced light increased nutrient supply at depth. Optical data (beam attenuation as proxy for fluorescence absorption proxies concentration) conventional measurements biovolume, particulate organic carbon, from two systems (Crater Lake, Oregon, Sta. ALOHA in subtropical North Pacific Ocean) are presented show...
The contribution of coastal oceans to the global air‐sea CO 2 flux is poorly quantified due insufficient availability observations and inherent variability physical, biological chemical processes. We present simulated fluxes from a high‐resolution biogeochemical model for North American east coast continental shelves, region characterized by significant sediment denitrification. Decreased fixed nitrogen denitrification reduces primary production incorporation inorganic carbon into organic...
Geochemical evidence suggests that there was a delay of several hundred million years between the evolution oxygenic photosynthesis and accumulation oxygen in Earth's atmosphere. The deep ocean appears to have remained euxenic for after atmosphere became oxygenated. In this paper we examine possibility extraordinary oxidation oceans caused by biogeochemical "bottleneck" imposed metabolic feedbacks carbon burial, net production, nitrogen cycle Proterozoic oceans. Whereas under anoxic...
Every summer, a large area (15,000 km 2 on average) over the Texas–Louisiana shelf in northern Gulf of Mexico turns hypoxic due to decay organic matter that is primarily derived from nutrient inputs Mississippi/Atchafalaya River System. Interannual variability size zone large. The 2008 Action Plan put forth by Mississippi River/Gulf Watershed Nutrient Task Force, an alliance multiple state and federal agencies tribes, calls for reduction through management watershed. Comprehensive models...
Abstract. The Texas-Louisiana shelf in the Northern Gulf of Mexico receives large inputs nutrients and freshwater from Mississippi/Atchafalaya River system. stimulate high rates primary production river plume, which contributes to development a recurring hypoxic area summer, but mechanistic links between hypoxia discharge are complex as accumulation vertical export organic matter, establishment maintenance stratification, microbial degradation matter controlled by non-linear interplay...
Introduction — s1 Chapter 1: Essential Variables s4 1.1 Ocean temperature and salinity Sandrine Mulet, Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli, Simon Good, Andrea Pisano, Eric Greiner, Maeva Monier, Emmanuel...
Abstract Globally, rivers deliver significant quantities of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to the coastal ocean each year. Currently, there are no viable estimates how much this N P escapes biogeochemical processing on shelf be exported open ocean; most models cycling assume that either all or none riverine nutrients reach ocean. We address problem by using a simple mechanistic model low‐salinity plume behaves outside an estuary mouth. The results in global map water residence times shelf,...
Ocean ecosystems are subject to a multitude of stressors including changes in ocean physics and biogeochemistry, direct anthropogenic influences. Implementation protective adaptive measures for requires combination observations with analysis prediction tools. These can guide assessments the current state, elucidate ongoing trends shifts, anticipate impacts climate change management policies. Analysis tools defined here as circulation models that coupled biogeochemical or ecological models....
Abstract Nutrient inputs from the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River system into northern Gulf of Mexico promote high phytoplankton production and lead to respiration rates. Respiration coupled with water column stratification results in seasonal summer hypoxia bottom waters on shelf. In addition consuming oxygen, produces carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), thus lowering pH acidifying waters. Here we present a high‐resolution biogeochemical model simulating this eutrophication‐driven acidification...
Abstract The continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Mexico experiences expansive seasonal hypoxic conditions and eutrophication‐driven acidification bottom waters. Rising surface ocean temperatures, freshwater nutrient inputs, atmospheric CO 2 will further exacerbate these conditions. Using a high‐resolution, regional circulation‐biogeochemical model, we simulated spatiotemporal dynamics oxygen inorganic carbon under present projected future (2100) climate state. Results indicate modest...
Reliable statements about variability and change in marine ecosystems their underlying causes are needed to report on status guide management. Here we use the Framework Ocean Observing (FOO) begin developing ecosystem Essential Variables (eEOVs) for Southern System (SOOS). An eEOV is a defined biological or ecological quantity, which derived from field observations, contributes significantly assessments of ecosystems. Here, concerned with estimating trends properties, attribution causes,...
Abstract A reanalysis is a physically consistent set of optimally merged simulated model states and historical observational data, using data assimilation. High computational costs for modeled processes assimilation algorithms has led to Earth system specific products the atmosphere, ocean land separately. Recent developments include advanced uncertainty quantification generation biogeochemical ocean. Here, we review atmospheric oceanic reanalyzes, more in detail terrestrial reanalyzes. In...