In hot weather, thermal heat generated by the body, combined with environmental from sun, can lead outdoor workers to experience heat-related stress, severe illness, or even death. The aims of this study were estimate prevalence symptoms and potential risk factors associated sun safety–related behavior among Latino farmworkers. Data interviewer-administered questionnaires collected a cross-sectional survey farmworkers (N = 158) August September 2013. analysis assessed associations between...

The first aim of this study was to investigate mesoporous activated carbon adsorbents from sisal, hemp, and flax fibers by cost-effective methods. Fibers were impregnated with low concentration (20 wt.%) phosphoric acid. Carbonization temperatures defined thermal analysis. Bast (hemp, flax) decompose at lower (419.36℃, 434.96℃) than leaf (sisal, 512.92℃). second compare bast fibers-derived determining physical adsorption properties, chemical compositions, scanning electron microscope,...

The wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index is the preferred environmental heat metric for occupational heat-related illness prevention but may not always be readily accessible in workplace. Thus, there a need well-designed WBGT-based tools that are reliable, accessible, and inexpensive. A novel WBGT app prototype was developed to calculate current forecasted outdoor WBGT. purpose of this study assess reliability providing accurate stress risk information workplace settings eastern North...

Agricultural work is one of the highest-risk U.S. occupations for heat-related illness (HRIs). Some tall-growing crops can block cooling effects wind or contribute to environmental humidity creating warm and humid microclimates (environments directly surrounding workers). The purpose this study was assess differences in heat stress within center crop fields compared field perimeter. In summer 2023, two monitors collected daily measurements wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) sweet corn tobacco...

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Agricultural work is a physically demanding occupation. The purpose of this project was to describe the prevalence work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and self-reported pain among Latino farmworkers who extensively hand harvesting sweet potatoes. Data were obtained from cross-sectional survey (N = 120) in eastern North Carolina. Univariate bivariate analyses used personal, characteristics, associated with injuries. Overall, 79% reported any type or discomfort. highest areas back...

Mosquitoes may develop resistance to insecticide active ingredients (AI). Thus, mosquitoes should be tested for confirm efficacy of insecticide-based control, inform management decisions, and protect public environmental health. Our objectives were determine a baseline six AIs used in mosquito control the United States assess how differs between collection location, AI, species (container-ovipositing Aedes Culex that oviposit containers or other sources). Field-collected eggs from 26...

The purpose of this study was to assess the attitude toward noise, perceived hearing symptoms, noisy activities that were participated in, and factors associated with protection use among college students. A 44-item online survey completed by 2,151 students (aged 17 years above) attitudes symptoms related noise exposure, around activities. Among participants, 39.6% experienced at least one symptom, ear pain as most frequently reported (22.5%). About 80% participants involved in activity, out...

Mosquitoes exposed to sublethal doses of insecticides may be selected for resistance insecticide active ingredients (AIs). are AIs through agricultural, public/private mosquito control programs, homeowners, and other sources. Hence, programs should routinely measure the resistance/susceptibility status populations public health concern. The objectives here were determine six used in adult United States assess how differs between AI, species (states where > 1 collected), years (some sampled 2...

Adolescents and young adults have higher injury rates than their adult counterparts in similar jobs. This study used the working college student population to assess health safety hazards workplace, characterize related occupational diseases injuries, describe worker health/safety activities provided by employers.College students (≥17 years old) were assessed via online surveys about work history, workplace exposure hazards, diseases/injuries, activities.Approximately half (51%) of...

Agriculture consistently ranks among the top hazardous occupations, accounting for a significant number of injuries and fatalities in workplace. Eastern North Carolina has small, independent, family-run, owned, operated farms. However, little is known about perception, behavior, training, accessibility, or purchasing personal protective equipment (PPE) safety farmers region. In this study, telephone interviews were conducted participating between March June 2012 (N = 129). Univariate...

Due to the nature of working outdoors, many farmers experience high levels exposure ultraviolet radiation (UVR) whereby, increasing their risk for skin cancer. The primary goal this study was evaluate personal behavior and perception on sun protection among attending a regional farm show in North Carolina.Farmers (n = 397) were asked complete self-administered questionnaire regarding importance using (i.e., sunblock, etc.,) when outdoors.There 285 (71.8%) male 79 (19.9%) female with mean age...

Zika virus (ZIKV) is primarily transmitted to humans by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Vector⁻virus interactions influencing vector competence vary depend on biological environmental factors. A mosquito's chronological age may impact its immune response against infection. Insecticides, source reduction, and/or public education are currently the best defense mosquitoes that transmit ZIKV. This study assessed effects of a at time infection ZIKV We exposed young (6⁻7 d post-emergence) old...

Activated carbon fiber (ACF) has been demonstrated to be a good adsorbent for the removal of organic vapors in air. Some ACF comparable or larger surface area and higher adsorption capacity when compared with granular activated (GAC) commonly used respiratory protection devices. is an attractive alternative GAC because its ease handling, light weight, decreasing cost. may offer potential short-term first responders emergency personnel. This study compares critical bed depths capacities...

Granular activated carbon (GAC) is currently the standard adsorbent in respirators against several gases and vapors because of its efficiency, low cost, available technology. However, a drawback GAC due to granular form need for containment, adding weight bulkiness respirators. This makes uncomfortable wear, resulting poor compliance their use. Activated fibers (ACF) are considered viable alternative materials developing thinner, light-weight, efficient larger surface area, lighter weight,...

Vector-borne diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA. Effective, convenient prevention methods needed. Long-lasting permethrin-impregnated (LLPI) clothing can prevent tick bites, however, additional information is needed on real-world effectiveness safety this preventative measure. In pilot study, we recruited state county park employees from North Carolina to wear LLPI uniforms for three months during summer 2016. We collected spot urine samples biomonitoring...

Mosquitoes are a nuisance and potentially transmit pathogens causing numerous diseases worldwide. Homeowners others may hire private companies to alleviate mosquito-related issues. Here, two pyrethroids (Suspend Polyzone [deltamethrin] Bifen Insecticide/Termiticide [bifenthrin]) were evaluated on properties in North Carolina for 23 wk from 18 May through 19 October 2015. Properties treated using backpack mist blowers every 21 d. At 17 fixed sampling locations, Centers Disease Control...

Mosquitoes can transmit pathogens through blood feeding. Mosquito control programs conduct surveillance and source reduction, treat mosquito oviposition sites spray adulticides to protect public health. In some areas, homeowners may contract with private companies address mosquito-related issues.We evaluated the efficacy of barrier sprays by comparing weekly host-seeking abundance at treatment properties in a residential neighborhood. The chemical concentration bifenthrin residue on foliage...

Groundskeepers spend most of the year working outdoors, exposing them to heat and solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation increasing their risk related adverse health effects. Various studies on UV exposures in different occupations have been published, but those groundskeepers are rare. The purpose this study was assess exposure stress among an eastern North Carolina university setting. Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index using a monitor effective irradiance (UVeff) digital meter were recorded...

Minimizing arthropod exposure (e.g. mosquito and tick bites) is vital to protect health of outdoor workers. Personal protective measures can help against exposure. Here, the quantity permethrin was evaluated for different fabric types after washing. Cone petri dish assays were used investigate knockdown/mortality permethrin-susceptible permethrin-resistant populations mosquitoes. Permethrin-treated clothing effective tested population that susceptible but not a population. Permethrin...

Outdoor workers are at risk from mosquito and tick bites the extent to which exposures linked vector-borne disease is not understood. This pilot study characterizes for ester exposure mosquitoes ticks, assesses effectiveness of permethrin-treated clothing prevention bites. Foresters (N = 34) Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia were placed into treatment (permethrin-treated clothing) or control (untreated groups. completed questionnaires about work-related...

Each year, the average number of nonfatal occupational injuries among landscaping and groundskeeping workers are consistently above total for all other worker in U.S. From 2004 to 2007, fatalities groundskeepers averaged 13.3 per 100,000 compared an overall rate 4.0 with majority reported as either Hispanic or Latino.The aims this project were describe use personal protective equipment work safety climate a sample employed by public universities North Carolina (N = 67).Data from...