A5030631502- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Cognitive Science and Mapping
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
Liverpool John Moores University
2022-2025
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
2018-2023
Swiss Centre for Scientific Research
2020-2023
Max Planck Society
2020
University of Roehampton
2014-2019
Google (United States)
2019
University of Bristol
2005
Individuals with more or stronger social bonds experience enhanced survival and reproduction in various species, though the mechanisms mediating these effects are unclear. Social thermoregulation is a common behaviour across many species which reduces cold stress exposure, body heat loss, homeostatic energy costs, allowing greater energetic investment growth, reproduction, survival, larger aggregations providing benefits. If individuals form due to having potential partners, this would...
Maternal cannibalism has been reported in several animal taxa, prompting speculations that the behavior may be part of an evolved strategy. In chimpanzees, however, maternal conspicuously absent, despite high levels infant mortality and reports non-maternal cannibalism. The typical response chimpanzee mothers is to abandon their deceased infant, sometimes after prolonged periods carrying grooming corpse. Here, we report two anomalous observations communities wild chimpanzees Uganda Ivory...
Abstract Background In animals with altricial offspring, most growth occurs after birth and may be optimized by post-natal maternal care. Maternal effects on influenced individual characteristics of the mothers, such as social status, investment strategies length association offspring. The prolonged juvenile dependence seen in humans is a distinctive life history adaptation, which have evolved to facilitate sustained somatic brain growth. chimpanzees, offspring are typically weaned at...
Several theories have been generated to understand the socio-cognitive mechanisms underlying unique cooperative abilities of humans. The 'interdependence hypothesis' posits first, that cognitive dimension human cooperation evolved in contexts when several individuals needed act together achieve a common goal, like hunting large prey. Second, more interdependent are, likely they are provide services conspecifics other contexts. Alternatively, 'social tolerance proposes higher social allows...
Abstract Postnatal development is protracted relative to lifespan in many primates, including modern humans ( Homo sapiens ), facilitating the acquisition of key motor, communication and social skills that can maximize fitness later life. Nevertheless, it remains unclear what evolutionary drivers led extended immature periods. While developmental milestone literature well established humans, insight we gain from one‐species models limited. By comparing timing relatable milestones a closely...
There is a vast and ever-accumulating amount of behavioural data on individually recognised animals, an incredible resource to shed light the ecological evolutionary drivers variation in animal behaviour. Yet, full potential such lies comparative research across taxa with distinct life histories ecologies. Substantial challenges impede systematic comparisons, one which lack persistent, accessible standardised databases. Big-team approaches building databases offer solution facilitating...
Consistent individual differences in social phenotypes have been observed many animal species. Changes demographics, dominance hierarchies or ecological factors, such as food availability disease prevalence, are expected to influence decision-making processes regarding interactions. Therefore, it should be that individuals show flexibility rather than stability behaviour over time maximize the fitness benefits of living. Understanding create and maintain requires data encompassing a range...
The biological embedding model (BEM) suggests that fitness costs of maternal loss arise when early-life experience embeds long-term alterations to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Alternatively, the adaptive calibration (ACM) regards physiological changes during ontogeny as short-term adaptations. Both models have been tested in humans but rarely wild, long-lived animals. We assessed whether, humans, had short- and impacts on orphan wild chimpanzee urinary cortisol levels...
Investigating the repeatability of trait variation between individuals, that is amount individual in relation to overall phenotypic variation, indicates an upper level heritability and reveals whether a given may be subject selection. Labile traits are characterized by high levels flexibility consequently low expected. Indeed, research examining glucocorticoid various non-mammal species found scores. However, mammals different this respect as (i) differential maternal care early life has...
The social complexity hypothesis for the evolution of communication posits that complex environments require greater individuals to effectively manage their relationships. We examined how different socially uncertain contexts, reflecting an increased level complexity, relate variation in signalling within and between two species, which display varying levels fission–fusion dynamics (sympatric-living chimpanzees sooty mangabeys, Taï National Park, Ivory Coast). Combined may improve message...
DAO Diseases of Aquatic Organisms Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsSpecials 66:29-32 (2005) - doi:10.3354/dao066029 Effect Australian tea tree oil on Gyrodactylus spp. infection three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus Dietmar Steverding*, Edward Morgan, Patrick Tkaczynski, Foster Walder, Richard Tinsley School Biological Sciences, University Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG,...
Compared with most mammals, postnatal development in great apes is protracted, presenting both an extended period of phenotypic plasticity to environmental conditions and the potential for sustained mother-offspring and/or sibling conflict over resources. Comparisons cortisol levels during ontogeny can reveal physiological species or population specific socioecological factors turn how these might ameliorate exaggerate conflict. Here, we examine developmental patterns two wild chimpanzee...
Three popular approaches exist for quantifying personality in animals: behavioral coding unconstrained and experimental settings trait assessment. Both an setting assessment aim to identify overview of structure by reducing the repertoire a species into broad dimensions, whereas assays quantify as reactive tendencies particular stimuli. Criticisms these methods include that they generate dimensions with low levels cross-study or cross-species comparability (behavioral settings) generated are...
Behavioural syndromes are a well-established phenomenon in human and non-human animal behavioural ecology. However, the mechanisms that lead to correlations among behaviours individual consistency their expression at apparent expense of plasticity remain unclear. The ‘state-dependent' hypothesis posits inter-individual variation behaviour arises from state relative stability these states within an leads behaviour. endocrine stress response, part mediated by glucocorticoids (GCs), is proposed...
Strategic microhabitat selection allows animals in seasonally cold environments to reduce homeostatic energy costs, particularly overnight when thermoregulatory demands are greatest. Suitable sleeping areas may therefore represent important resources for winter survival. Knowledge of use and potential impacts anthropogenic habitat modification can aid species conservation through development targeted management plans. Wild, endangered Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) logged cedar-oak...
Early-life experiences, such as maternal care received, influence adult social integration and survival. We examine what changes to behavior through ontogeny lead these lifelong effects, particularly whether early-life environment impacts the development of communication. Chimpanzees experience prolonged communication development. Focusing on a central communicative trait, "pant-hoot" contact call used solicit engagement, we collected cross-sectional data wild chimpanzees (52 immatures 36...
Abstract Infant care from adult males is unexpected in species with high paternity uncertainty. Still, of several polygynandrous primates engage frequent affiliative interactions infants. Two non‐exclusive hypotheses link male infant to mating strategies. The paternal investment hypothesis views as a strategy maximize the survival sired offspring, while effort predicts that females reward who cared for their by preferably them. Both predict positive relationship between and matings...
Abstract Mechanisms of inheritance remain poorly defined for many fitness-mediating traits, especially in long-lived animals with protracted development. Using 6,123 urinary samples from 170 wild chimpanzees, we examined the contributions genetics, non-genetic maternal effects, and shared community effects on variation cortisol levels, an established predictor survival primates. Despite evidence consistent individual levels across years, between-group were more influential made overwhelming...
Abstract Animals living in social groups navigate challenges when competing and cooperating with other group members. Changes demographics, dominance hierarchies or ecological factors, such as food availability disease prevalence, are expected to influence decision-making processes regarding interactions. Therefore, it could be individuals show flexibility behaviour over time maximise the fitness benefits of living. To date, research across species has shown that stable inter-individual...