Urea and ammonium sulfate are principal nitrogen (N) sources for crop production. Two field experiments were conducted during three consecutive years to evaluate influence of urea application on grain yield, soil pH, calcium (Ca) saturation, magnesium (Mg) base aluminum (Al) acidity (H + Al) saturation in lowland rice Grain yield was significantly influenced by as well fertilization. Soil pH linearly decreased with the N fertilizers. However, magnitude decrease greater than urea. The Ca Mg...

The ionome is defined as the elemental composition of a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, organ or organism. subset comprising mineral nutrients termed functional ionome. A 'standard ionome' leaves an 'average' angiosperm, nutrient when growth not limited by nutrients, presented and can be used to compare effects environment genetics on plant nutrition. leaf influenced interactions between its genetics. Examples are consequences deficiencies described. physiological reasons for (1)...

Soybean is one of the most important legume crops in world. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine influence liming and gypsum application on yield components soybean changes soil chemical properties an Oxisol. Lime rates used 0, 0.71, 1.42, 2.14, 2.85, 4.28 g kg−1 soil. Gypsum applied 0.28, 0.57, 1.14, 1.71, 2.28 as well significantly increased grain a quadratic fashion. Maximum was achieved with 1.57 lime per kg soil, whereas requirement for maximum 1.43 improved pH,...

Micronutrient deficiencies have been reported in food crops worldwide. Several macro- and micronutrients are essential for human health. However, among these elements, the trace elements zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), iodine (I), selenium (Se), cobalt (Co) limiting diets of much world's population. According to United Nations estimates, about 1 billion people, especially woman children, suffering from malnutrition Africa, Asia, South America. Improving bioavailability is an important strategy...

Abstract The export of nitrogen (N) from senescent plant parts is important for the efficient use this macronutrient. objective study was to establish correlations among photosynthetic pigment content, total N, and variables with SPAD‐502 readings in Coffea arabica leaves. Correlations were established chlorophyll N a b taken on coffee leaves at different months. results show that all decreased time. However, correlation increased linearly doses. Total presented direct linear portable meter....

Among the toxic elements, Cd has received considerable attention in view of its association with a number human health problems. The objectives this study were to evaluate availability and accumulation soil, transfer rate toxicity lettuce rice plants grown Cd-contaminated Typic Hapludox. Two simultaneous greenhouse experiments test conducted randomized complete block design four replications. treatments consisted rates (CdCl2), 0.0; 1.3; 3.0 6.0 mg kg-1, based on guidelines recommended by...

Nitrate reductase is the first enzyme in pathway of nitrate reduction by plants, followed glutamine synthetase, which incorporates ammonia to glutamine. The purpose this study was evaluate and synthetase activity, total soluble protein content, N Ni content coffee leaves during fruit development under field conditions establish new informations help assess nutritional status fertilizer management. experimental design randomized complete blocks, arranged a 3 x 6 factorial design, with five...

Upland rice is an important crop in South America, including Brazil. Nitrogen (N) one of the most yield-limiting nutrients upland production A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate N uptake and use efficiency as influenced by sources. The soil used Oxisol. sources were ammonium sulfate urea, rates 0, 50, 100, 150, 300, 400 mg kg−1 soil. concentrations root, shoot, grain significantly rate source grain. Similarly, nitrogen interaction also significant for grain, indicating has a...

Abstract Soya bean yield gap can be caused by different factors resulting in uncertainties when the objective is to use such information for farm decision‐making and reference determination. Thus, this study aimed quantify soya four sites, located Southern Midwestern Brazil, as well of that related cultivars, sowing dates, soil types yields. The crop simulation model DSSAT ‐ CSM CROPGRO ‐Soybean was calibrated cultivars with similar maturity groups, based on data obtained from best farmers...

Abstract Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient for higher plants. Information on K uptake and use efficiency of upland rice under Brazilian conditions limited. A greenhouse experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate influence yield, uptake, six genotypes grown Oxisol. The rate used zero (natural soil level) 200 mg kg–1 soil. Shoot dry weight grain yield were significantly influenced by level genotype treatments. However, × interactions not significant, indicating similar...

Roots are important organs that supply water and nutrients to growing plants. Data related root growth nutrient uptake by tropical legume cover crops limited. The objective of this study was evaluate use efficiency under different phosphorus (P) levels. P levels used were 0 (low), 100 (medium), 200 (high) mg kg−1 soil, five evaluated. Root dry weight, maximum length, specific length significantly influenced crop treatments. Maximum values these parameters achieved with the addition soil. ×...

Rice is a main food crop for about half of the world's population, and phosphorus (P) limiting nutrient in rice production tropical lowlands. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate P requirements lowland grown on soil (Inceptisol). Dry matter, grain yield, yield-attributing characteristics were significantly (P < 0.01) influenced by fertilization. Based quadratic response, maximum shoot dry weight yield obtained with application 190 mg kg−1 soil. Maximum panicle, tiller number,...

In comparison with other micronutrients, the levels of nickel (Ni) available in soils and plant tissues are very low, making quantification difficult. The objective this paper is to present optimized determination methods Ni availability by extractants total content for routine commercial laboratory analyses. Samples natural agricultural were processed analyzed Mehlich-1 extraction DTPA. To quantify tissues, samples digested nitric acid a closed system microwave oven. measurement was...

Nitrogen losses from the soil-plant system may be influenced by herbicide applications. In order to evaluate N loss in brachiaria (Brachiaria decumbens) after application of herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate-ammonium, an experiment was carried out a greenhouse as completely randomized design, with three treatments six replicates. Treatments were follows: i) desiccation brachiaria-plants glyphosate; ii) glufosinate-ammonium; iii) control, without application. The plants cultivated 4 kg...

The deleterious effects of both Mn deficiency and excess on the development plants have been evaluated with regard to aspects shoot anatomy, ultrastructure biochemistry, focusing mainly manifestation visual symptoms. However, there is little information in literature changes root system response supply. objective this study was evaluate doses (0.5, 2.0 200.0 μmol L-1) a nutrient solution anatomy leaves roots Glycine max (L.) cultivars Santa Rosa, IAC-15 IAC-Foscarin 31. Visual symptoms were...

Abstract High-technology coffee cultivation systems involving fertigation commonly apply high rates of nitrogen (N). However, there is little information on the plants' uptake N under these conditions. The objective this study was to evaluate changes in nutritional status plants during a phenological cycle response applied by fertigation. conducted with 7-year-old trees Coffea arabica L., pivot irrigation and fertigation, five (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 kg ha−1) plants. were monitored cycle,...

Soybean is an important crop for the Brazilian economy, and soil acidity one of main yield-limiting factors in Oxisols. A field experiment was conducted during three consecutive years with objective to determine soybean response liming grown on Liming rates used were 0, 3, 6, 12, 18 Mg ha−1. significantly increased grain yield a quadratic trend. Ninety percent maximum economic (2900 kg ha−1) achieved application about 6 lime Shoot dry weight, number pods per plant, 100-grain weight also...

The ionome is the elemental composition of a living organism, its tissues, cells or cell compartments. ionomes roots, stems and leaves 14 native Brazilian forest species were characterised to examine relationships between plant organ phylogenetic ecological affiliations species. null hypothesis that their organs do not differ was tested. Concentrations mineral nutrients in determined for species, representing seven angiosperm orders, grown hydroponically complete nutrient solution. could be...

Upland rice plants, cultivar ‘IAC 202,’ were grown in nutrient solution until full tillering. Treatments consisted of ammonium nitrate (AN) or urea (UR) as nitrogen (N) source plus molybdenum (Mo) and/or nickel (Ni): AN + Mo Ni, − UR and Ni. The experiment was carried out to better understand the effect these treatments on dry‐matter yield, chlorophyll, net photosynthesis rate, (NO3 −‐N), total N, vitro activities urease reductase (NR), Ni concentrations. In UR‐grown addition increased yield...

Nutritional and physiological significance of micronutrients in coffee plants, especially with regard to nickel (Ni) is still unknown. The dynamics nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) Ni accumulation fruits, as well their relationships total soluble protein, amino acids, reducing sugars, starch content during fruit development (green, ripe, dry fruits), were investigated. Coffee trees received three N fertilizer rates (0, 150, 300 kg ha−1) ammonium sulfate split into applications per...