ABSTRACT The middle Miocene sedimentary fill of the Calatayud Basin in north‐eastern Spain consists proximal to distal alluvial fan‐floodplain and shallow lacustrine deposits. Four main facies groups characteristic different environments are recognized: (1) medial fan that comprise clast‐supported gravel subordinate sandstone mudstone, latter exhibiting incipient pedogenic features; (2) facies, formed mainly massive carbonate‐rich palaeosols local carbonate pond deposits; (3) lake margin...

Lacustrine laminated sediments (laminites) present in Late Miocene formations of the Híjar Basin, SE Spain, display well developed loop bedding, a structure consisting bundles laminae that are sharply constricted at intervals, giving morphology loops or links chain. The laminite sequences, which interbedded with turbidite marlstones, were accumulated on bottom permanently stratified lake rapidly subsiding basin limited by 010° and 105° normal faults. As deduced from both macro‐...

ABSTRACT Carbonate pond deposits occur associated with alluvial sediments in Miocene sequences of the Madrid Basin, central Spain. The ponds developed near basin margins, either floodplain environments (north) or mud‐flat settings (south). Three main facies assemblages are recognized: (1) floodplain/mud‐flat, (2) palaeosols and (3) deposits. In northern part basin, on terminal fluvial systems. typically red mudstones interbedded sandstones siltstones. Palaeosols show a pedofacies...

Upper Pliocene dolomites (‘white earth’) from La Roda, Spain, offer a good opportunity to evaluate the process of dolomite formation in lakes. The relatively young nature deposits could allow link between precipitated modern lake systems and those present older lacustrine formations. Roda Mg‐carbonates (dolomite unit) occur as 3·5‐ 4‐m‐thick package poorly indurated, white, massive beds with interbedded thin porous carbonate displaying root desiccation traces well local lenticular gypsum...

We present an astronomically tuned polarity timescale for the late middle Miocene based on a cyclic shallow lacustrine/mudflat succession exposed in Orera Composite Section (OCS; Calatayud basin, NE Spain). Spectral analysis and band‐pass filtering of high‐resolution carbonate color reflectance records depth domain reveal changes with different cycle lengths, which correspond to lithological alternations observed field. An initial age model was constructed by calibrating OCS...

ABSTRACT The Miocene alluvial‐lacustrine sequences of the Madrid Basin, Spain, formed in highly varied landscapes. presence various types palaeosols allows assessment effects local and external factors on sedimentation, pedogenesis geomorphological development. In northern, more arid, tectonically active area, soils were weakly developed aggrading alluvial fans, dominated by mass flows, reflecting high sedimentation rates. distal parts fans playa lakes calcretes dolocretes developed; former...

Abstract Fossil mammal sites of late Miocene age ( ca 9 Ma) occur in hourglass‐shaped, non‐interconnected cavities up to 15 m deep, hosted mudstone (mostly sepiolite), chert and carbonate bedrock Cerro de los Batallones. This paper provides a model for the sedimentary infilling cavities, which functioned as traps vertebrate faunas contain one richest best preserved Neogene assemblages Iberian Peninsula. Generation mammal‐bearing started with solution underlying evaporites, resulted fissures...

Based on petrographic, mineralogical, isotope, and facies assemblage analysis, a microbial origin is established for the formation of dolomite associated with gypsum in Miocene evaporite lake deposits Madrid Basin, central Spain.In these deposits, present as both intercalated carbonate beds, locally showing domal stromatolite structures between packages selenite Christmas tree-like gypsum, patches replacing macrocrystalline gypsum.Texture characterized by crystal aggregates variety sizes...

Abstract Results are presented of a detailed carbonate petrographic study an Upper Miocene lacustrine mixed carbonate–siliciclastic succession in the Teruel Basin (Spain) with aim constraining lake‐level variability at different stratigraphic scales. Regular alternations red to green mudstone and limestone, termed ‘basic cycle’, reflect variations metre‐scale. In earlier study, basic cycle was shown be controlled by climatic precession cycle. Petrographic analysis made it possible...

Abstract Carbonate rocks are present in many geological formations of the Mediterranean region, thus having favoured their common use as building stone for civilizations that inhabited area throughout history. The wide presence carbonate has been supplemented by a large variety rock types can be found monumental, funerary and normal constructions. Five main used differentiated: metamorphic marble; banded fine-grained limestone; shell travertine; brecciated–nodular rocks. In most cases these...