The notable increases in funding from various donors for health over the past several years have made examining effectiveness of aid all more important. We examine extent to which donor substitutes for—rather than complements—health financing by recipient governments. find evidence a strong substitution effect. proportionate decrease government spending associated with an increase is largest low-income countries. results suggest that needs be structured way better aligns donors' and...

This study estimated the impacts of PEPFAR on all-cause mortality (ACM) rates (deaths per 1,000 population) across recipient countries from 2004–2018. As moves into its 3rd decade, this supplements existing literature ‘s overall effectiveness in saving lives by focusing impact estimates important subgroups that received different intensities aid, and provides for phases 15-year period study. The uses a country-level panel data set 157 low- middle-income (LMICs) 1990–2018, including 90...

The United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has been credited with saving millions lives and helping to change the trajectory of global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. This study assesses whether PEPFAR had impacts beyond health by examining changes in five economic educational outcomes countries: gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth rate; share girls boys, respectively, who are out school; female male employment rates. We constructed a panel...

Objectives This study examined whether the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) funding had effects beyond HIV, specifically on several measures of maternal and child health in low-income middle-income countries (LMICs). The results previous research question PEPFAR spillovers have been inconsistent. study, using a large, multicountry panel data set 157 LMICs including 90 recipient countries, adds to literature. Design Seven indicators mortality, vaccination rates anaemia...

The evidence on nurses' wage rates is examined to determine whether higher credentials command a premium in the marketplace. Also are private of return if nursing education worthwhile investment for individuals. Our findings that, after taking into account experience and job requirements, employers pay only modest enhanced educational leading licensure basic practice. A more substantial paid small segment profession which holds master's degree. These confirm other studies that show subtle...

To describe the status of telemedicine in rural America, characteristics health care facilities using technologies to serve patients, volume and scope services delivered, costs associated with this care, funding sources.A screening survey was mailed all 2472 nonfederal U.S. hospitals located outside metropolitan areas. Nonrespondents were interviewed by telephone. Those who reported some form capability, affiliates they named, became sample for a detailed follow-up (N = 558) January...

Gender inequality and poverty exacerbate the burden of HIV/AIDS among women in Africa. AIDS awareness educational campaigns have been inadequate many countries rates HIV testing adherence to condom use remains considerably low, especially married women. We investigate whether higher knowledge is equally effective lowering risky behaviors groups with different levels wealth agency.Pooled data on 113 151 adult from Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) 25 African was used (2010 2016). Agency...

Prospective reimbursement (PR) programs were implemented in a number of states the 1970s to reduce rate inflation hospital costs. The associated savings have prompted concern about whether administrators been able economize ways that do not compromise patient care. This study examined effects PR on mortality 15 states. A quasi-experimental design was used compare 10-year trend standardized rates hospitals these with those national sample receiving PR. Although introduction higher all groups...

The purpose of this study is to describe the use information technology by advance practice nurses. A survey 519 graduates Simmons College nurse practitioner program was conducted. Areas investigation included practitioner's informatics technology, perception competence, adequacy training and support in workplace, specific health functions used perceived benefits using technology. data on 249 usable responses were analyzed descriptive statistics. These analyses compare type job, specialty,...

Abstract The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has been credited with saving millions lives and helping to change the trajectory of global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. This study assesses whether PEPFAR had impacts beyond health by examining changes in five economic educational outcomes countries: gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth rate; share girls boys, respectively, who are out school; female male employment rates. We constructed...

To estimate the use of telemedicine in rural hospitals U.S. and to identify describe those that are active telemedicine. Nationwide mailed survey, with telephone follow-up, all not located a Metropolitan Statistical Area. The overall response rate was 95% hospitals. Of these, 416 (17.55%) reported having telemedicine, more than 530 have plans begin programs during next few years. Rural sizes regions country initiating programs, but there is significant variation by region. Specifically,...

A national survey conducted for the Office of Rural Health Policy in 1995 identified 558 participants rural telemedicine; 499 (89%) responded to a detailed follow-up describe type use. While 84% respondents reported using interactive video, only 25% access e-mail exchange data. The challenge medical informatics is connect dispersed providers, not just with videoconferencing, but also other information-sharing methods.

Background: In 2014, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) introduced 90-90-90 goals to eliminate AIDS epidemic. Namibia was first African country meet these goals. Objective: To construct a comparative historical narrative of international and government responses epidemic in two countries, identify enabling non-enabling factors key mitigate pandemic. Methods: We conducted desk review public documents, peer-reviewed articles, media reports evaluate actions taken by Ghana’s...