The ability to incorporate individual atoms in a surface following predetermined arrangements may bring future atom-based technological enterprises closer reality. Here, we report the assembling of complex atomic patterns at room temperature by vertical interchange between tip apex an force microscope and semiconductor surface. At variance with previous methods, these manipulations were produced exploring repulsive part short-range chemical interaction closest tip-surface atoms. By using...

We present dynamic force-microscopy experiments and first-principles simulations that contribute to clarify the origin of atomic-scale contrast in Kelvin-probe (KPFM) images semiconductor surfaces. By combining KPFM bias-spectroscopy imaging with force bias-distance spectroscopy, we show a significant drop local contact potential difference (LCPD) correlates development tip-surface interatomic forces over distinct atomic positions. suggest variations this LCPD different sites are responsible...

Local defects in water layers growing on metal surfaces have a key influence the wetting process at surfaces; however, such minor structures are undetectable by macroscopic methods. Here, we demonstrate ultrahigh-resolution imaging of single copper(110) surface using non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM) with molecular functionalized tips 4.8 K. AFM probe tip terminated carbon monoxide predominantly images oxygen atoms, whereas contribution hydrogen atoms is modest. Oxygen skeletons...

A core-expanded, pyrrole-fused azacoronene analogue containing two unusual N-doped heptagons was obtained from commercially available octafluoronaphthalene and 3,4-diethylpyrrole in steps as a heteroatom-doped nonplanar nanographene. Full fusion with the formation of tetraazadipleiadiene framework longitudinally twisted structure unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The edge-to-edge dihedral angle along acene moiety 63°. This electron-rich π-system showed...

Abstract Atomic force microscopy is capable of resolving the chemical structure a single molecule on surface. In previous research, such high resolution has only been obtained at low temperatures. Here we demonstrate that can be clearly revealed even room temperature. 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, which strongly adsorbed onto corner-hole site Si(111)–(7 × 7) surface in bridge-like configuration used for demonstration. Force spectroscopy combined with first-principle...

Achieving atomic-level characterization of the diamond (001) surface has been a persistent goal over recent decades. This pursuit aims to understand smooth growth diamonds and investigate defects adsorbates relevant applications. However, inherently low conductivity short C–C bonds present significant challenges for atomic resolution imaging. Here, we successfully addressed these using near-contact force microscopy with reactive Si tips, achieving resolution, even at room temperature....

By combining dynamic force microscopy experiments and first-principles calculations, we have studied the adhesion associated with a single atomic contact between nanoasperity--the tip apex--and semiconductor surface--the Ge(111)-c(2 x 8). The nanoasperity's termination has been atomically characterized by extensive comparisons of measured short-range at specific sites chemical forces calculated using many models that vary in structure, composition, relative orientation respect to surface....

A method for reproducible site-specific force spectroscopic measurements using frequency modulation atomic microscopy at room temperature is presented. The stability and reproducibility requirements, fulfilled so far only in cryogenic environment, are provided through the compensation of thermal drift atom-tracking technique. has been tested performing on positions Si(111)-(7×7) surface with Si tips. room-temperature results presented here compare quality to previously reported quantitative...

Vacancy-mediated lateral manipulations of intrinsic adatoms the Si(111)-(7x7) surface at room temperature are reported. The topographic signal during manipulation combined with force spectroscopy measurements reveals that these can be ascribed to so-called pulling mode, and Si were manipulated in attractive tip-surface interaction regime relatively low short-range value associated set point. First-principles calculations reveal presence tip induces structural relaxations weaken adatom bonds...

Abstract Controlling the structural deformation of organic molecules can drive unique reactions that cannot be induced only by thermal, optical or electrochemical procedures. However, in conventional synthesis, including mechanochemical procedures, it is difficult to control skeletal rearrangement polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Here, we demonstrate a reaction scheme for PAHs on metal surface using high-resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy. By combination synthesis and...

Abstract Bottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) may open new possibilities in future electronic devices owing to their tunable structure, which depends strongly on well-defined width and edge geometry. For instance, armchair-edged GNRs (AGNRs) exhibit width-dependent bandgaps. However, the bandgaps AGNRs synthesized experimentally so far are relatively large, well above 1 eV. Such a large bandgap deteriorate device performance due Schottky barriers carrier effective masses. Here,...

Experimental results on the lateral manipulation of single atoms at semiconductor surfaces using non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) are presented. These experiments prove that deposited adsorbates top a surface, as well intrinsic adatoms surfaces, suitable for being manipulated short-range interaction acting between outermost tip and surface. The analysis data from some presented here indicates pulling process atoms. atom-by-atom creation, room temperature, patterns composed by few...

The authors have performed distortionless atom imaging and force mapping experiments, under a large thermal drift condition at room temperature (RT), using frequency modulation atomic microscopy (FM-AFM) that had been done previously only low temperature. In the authors’ experimental scheme, three-dimensional position feedback with tracking detects velocity is constant for period of time RT. detected then used as model implementing feedforward in order to compensate drift. This technique can...

Little is known about the origin or metabolism of otoconia. Streptomycin sulfate was found to cause a decrease in their number on otolithic membrane utricle and saccule guinea pigs. The remaining otoconia varied shape size giant with multilayered arrangement were observed by means scanning electron microscope. These contained normal amount calcium form standard calcite crystal. lost attached surface some vestibular dark cells. Otoconia this new position irregular, shrunken fragmented. Their...

We demonstrated that a nitric oxide (NO) molecule on Cu(110) acts as an ``ON-OFF-ON toggle switch'' can be turned and off by repulsive force electron injection, respectively. On the surface, NO molecules exist in three configurations: flat along [001] direction (ON), upright (OFF), $[00\overline{1}]$ (ON). An NO-functionalized tip, which was characterized scanning tunneling microscopy inelastic spectroscopy, convert adsorbate into flat-lying NO. Atomic simulation of interactions between...

The effects of Pb intercalation on the structural and electronic properties epitaxial single‐layer graphene grown SiC(0001) substrate are investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), noncontact atomic force microscopy, Kelvin probe (KPFM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) methods. STM results show formation an ordered moiré superstructure pattern induced by atom underneath layer. ARPES measurements reveal presence two additional...

Abstract Electronegativity is a fundamental concept in chemistry. Despite its importance, the experimental determination has been limited only to ensemble-averaged techniques. Here, we report methodology evaluate electronegativity of individual surface atoms by atomic force microscopy. By measuring bond energies on using different tips, find characteristic linear relations between chemical species. We show that relation can be rationalized Pauling’s equation for polar covalent bonds. This...

Anisotropic Tensor Renormalization Group (ATRG) is a powerful algorithm for four-dimensional tensor network calculations. However, the larger bond dimensions are known to be difficult achieve in practice due higher computational cost. Adopting methods of minimally decomposed TRG and its triad prescriptions, we construct representation four- dimensional ATRG by decomposing unit-cell tensor. We observe that this combining approach can significantly improve cost even with maintaining...

Abstract Local structure analysis in physically adsorbed small molecule systems on metal surfaces remains challenging. The structural models of monolayers formed by weakly CO molecules Ag(111) have long been controversial. In this study, the monolayer is determined through high‐resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations at 4.5 K. Contrary to a previously proposed model based scanning tunneling experiments [Phys. Rev. B 71, 153405 (2005)], it found that adopts close‐packed...

We have investigated the phases of $\mathrm{Sn}∕\mathrm{Si}(111)\text{\ensuremath{-}}(\sqrt{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{3})R30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ surface below $\frac{1}{3}$ ML coverage at room temperature by means atomic force microscopy (AFM) and density functional theory based first-principles calculations. By tuning Sn concentration we been able to discriminate between Si adatoms, assure that AFM topography for different resembles one reported using...

We have performed simultaneous scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force measurements in the dynamic mode using metal-coated Si cantilevers at room temperature. Frequency shift (Δf) time-average current (⟨It⟩) images are obtained by tip on Si(111)-(7×7) surface constant height mode. By measuring site-specific Δf(⟨It⟩) versus tip-surface distance curves, we derive (tunneling current) closest separation between sample oscillating tip. observe drop due to chemical interaction apex atom...