A5069595414- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Maritime Navigation and Safety
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Climate variability and models
- Offshore Engineering and Technologies
- Geological formations and processes
- Marine and environmental studies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Climate change and permafrost
- Marine animal studies overview
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Environmental Monitoring and Data Management
- Marine and fisheries research
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
2016-2025
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
2015
Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy
2011
Universität Hamburg
2011
Arctic Ocean properties and processes are highly relevant to the regional global coupled climate system, yet still scarcely observed, especially in winter. Team OCEAN conducted a full year of physical oceanography observations as part Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for Study Climate (MOSAiC), drift with sea ice from October 2019 September 2020. An international team designed implemented program characterize system unprecedented detail, seafloor air-sea ice-ocean interface,...
A breeding colony of notothenioid icefish (Neopagetopsis ionah, Nybelin 1947) globally unprecedented extent has been discovered in the southern Weddell Sea, Antarctica. The was estimated to cover at least ∼240 km2 eastern flank Filchner Trough, comprised fish nests a density 0.26 per square meter, representing an total ∼60 million active and associated biomass >60,000 tonnes. majority were each occupied by 1 adult guarding 1,735 eggs (±433 SD). Bottom water temperatures measured across...
The rapid melt of snow and sea ice during the Arctic summer provides a significant source low-salinity meltwater to surface ocean on local scale. accumulation this on, under, around floes can result in relatively thin layers upper ocean. Due small-scale nature these upper-ocean features, typically order 1 m thick or less, they are rarely detected by standard methods, but nevertheless pervasive critically important summer. Observations Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for Study Climate...
The retreating ice cover of the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) fuels speculations on future fisheries. However, very little is known about existence harvestable fish stocks in this 3.3 million–square kilometer ecosystem around North Pole. Crossing Eurasian Basin, we documented an uninterrupted 3170-kilometer-long deep scattering layer (DSL) with zooplankton and small Atlantic water at 100- to 500-meter depth. Diel vertical migration central DSL was lacking most year when daily light variation...
The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC, 2019–2020), a year-long drift with sea ice, has provided scientific community an unprecedented, multidisciplinary dataset from Eurasian Ocean, covering high atmosphere to deep ocean across all seasons. However, heterogeneity data and superposition spatial temporal variability, intrinsic campaign, complicate interpretation observations. In this study, we have compiled quality-controlled physical hydrographic...
Abstract Sea ice mediates the transfer of momentum, heat, and gas between atmosphere ocean. However, under‐ice boundary layer is not sufficiently constrained by observations. During Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for Study Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), we collected profiles in upper 50–80 m using a new ascending vertical microstructure profiler, resolving turbulent structure within 1 to ice. We analyzed 167 dissipation rate February mid‐September 2020, from 89°N 79°30′N through Amundsen...
The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC, 2019--2020), a year-long drift with sea ice, has provided scientific community an unprecedented, multidisciplinary dataset from Eurasian Ocean, covering high atmosphere to deep ocean across all seasons. However, heterogeneity data and superposition spatial temporal variability, intrinsic campaign, complicate interpretation observations. In this study, we have compiled quality-controlled physical hydrographic...
Abstract The Transpolar Drift (TPD) plays a crucial role in regulating Arctic climate and ecosystems by transporting fresh water key substances, such as terrestrial nutrients pollutants, from the Siberian Shelf across Ocean to North Atlantic. However, year-round observations of TPD remain scarce, creating significant knowledge gaps regarding influence sea ice drift ocean surface circulation on transport pathways associated matter. Using geochemical provenance tracer data collected over...
Abstract Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is a ubiquitous component in marine environments, and substantial changes its sources distribution, related to the carbon cycle Arctic Ocean, are expected due warming. In this study, we present unique CDOM data Eurasian Ocean derived from year‐round MOSAiC expedition. We used absorbance spectra fluorescence excitation‐emission matrices combination with parallel factor analysis characterize differences DOM composition. Our results...
Microalgae are the main source of omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), essential for healthy development most marine terrestrial fauna including humans. Inverse correlations algal EPA DHA proportions (% total acids) with temperature have led to suggestions a warming-induced decline in global production these biomolecules an enhanced importance high latitude organisms their provision. The cold Arctic Ocean is potential hotspot production, but consequences...
Abstract. Measuring temperature and salinity profiles in the world's oceans is crucial to understanding ocean dynamics its influence on heat budget, water cycle, marine environment our climate. Since 1983 German research vessel icebreaker Polarstern has been platform of numerous CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth instrument) deployments Arctic Antarctic. We report a unique data collection spanning 33 years polar data. In total 131 sets (1 set per cruise leg) containing from 10 063 casts...
Abstract This study presents recent observations to quantify oceanic heat fluxes along the continental slope of Eurasian part Arctic Ocean, in order understand dominant processes leading observed along‐track loss Boundary Current (ABC). We investigate fate warm Atlantic Water (AW) Ocean margin Siberian Seas based on 11 cross‐slope conductivity, temperature, depth transects and direct flux estimates from microstructure profiles obtained summer 2018. The ABC loses average (10 8 ) J m −2 per...
Abstract. Around most of Antarctica, the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) shows a warming trend. At same time, thermocline is shoaling, thereby increasing potential for CDW to enter shallow continental shelves and ultimately increase basal melt in ice shelf cavities that line coast. Similar trends, on order 0.05 ∘C 3 m per decade, have been observed Warm (WDW), slightly cooled derivative found at depth Weddell Sea. Here, we report sudden, local temperature maximum WDW above slope north Filchner...
We report on a new design of vacuum ultra violet (VUV) lamp for direct optical excitation high laying atomic states e.g. metastable rare gas atoms. The can be directly mounted to vessels (p <= 10^(-10) mbar). It is driven by 2.45 GHz microwave source. For optimum operation it requires powers approximately 20 W. VUV light transmitted through magnesium fluoride window, which known have decreasing transmittance photons with time. In our special setup, after run-time the 550 h detected signal...
Abstract The Denmark Strait Overflow (DSO) contributes roughly half to the total volume transport of Nordic overflows. overflow increases its by entraining ambient water as it descends into subpolar North Atlantic, feeding deep branch Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. In June 2012, a multiplatform experiment was carried out in DSO plume on continental slope off Greenland (180 km downstream sill Strait), observe variability associated with entrainment waters plume. this study, we...
Abstract. The Arctic Ocean is a region important for global and regional climate. Although generally quiescent compared to mid-latitudes, the upper ocean hosts mesoscale smaller scale processes. These processes can have profound impact on vertical fluxes, stratification, feedback with sea ice atmosphere. Sparse non-synoptic in-situ observations of polar oceans are limited by distribution manual observing platforms autonomous instrumentation. Analyzing observational data assess tracer field...
We present results from a coordinated frontal survey in Fram Strait summer 2016 using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) combined with shipboard and zodiac-based hydrographic measurements. Based on satellite information, we identified front between warm Atlantic Water cold Polar Water. The AUV, equipped oceanographic biogeochemical sensors, profiled the upper 50 m along 10 km-long cross-front oriented transect resulting high-resolution snapshot of ocean. was dominated by 6 km-wide,...
Abstract. Systematic long-term studies on ecosystem dynamics are largely lacking from the East Antarctic Southern Ocean, although it is well recognized that they indispensable to identify ecological impacts and risks of environmental change. Here, we present a framework for establishing cross-disciplinary study decadal timescales. We argue eastern Weddell Sea adjacent sea east, off Dronning Maud Land, particularly suited area such study, since based findings previous expeditions this region....
Abstract. This paper presents a methodological tool for dynamic reconstruction of the state ocean, based, as an example, on observations from Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory Study Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) experiment. The data used in this study were collected Amundsen Basin between October 2019 and January 2020. Analysing observational to assess tracer field upper-ocean dynamics is highly challenging when measurement platforms drift with ice pack due continuous speed direction changes....