Chemical reactions with nonlinear kinetic behavior can give rise to a remarkable set of spatiotemporal phenomena. These include periodic and chaotic changes in concentration, traveling waves chemical reactivity, stationary spatial (Turing) patterns. Although chemists were initially skeptical the existence relevance these phenomena, much progress has been made past two decades characterizing, designing, modeling, understanding them. Several dynamical phenomena systems provide simpler...

Populations of certain unicellular organisms, such as suspensions yeast in nutrient solutions, undergo transitions to coordinated activity with increasing cell density. The collective behavior is believed arise through communication by chemical signaling via the extracellular solution. We studied large, heterogeneous populations discrete oscillators (approximately 100,000) well-defined kinetics characterize two different types density-dependent synchronized oscillatory behavior. For exchange...

Chimera states occur spontaneously in populations of coupled photosensitive chemical oscillators. Experiments and simulations are carried out on nonlocally oscillators, with the coupling strength decreasing exponentially distance. synchronized phase waves, clusters coexisting unsynchronized oscillators analyzed. Irregular motion cores asynchronous is found spiral-wave chimeras.

The properties of excitable media are exploited to find minimum-length paths in complex labyrinths. Optimal pathways experimentally determined by the collection time-lapse position information on chemical waves propagating through mazes prepared with Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. corresponding velocity fields provide maps optimal from every point an image grid a particular target point. Collisions that were temporarily separated obstacles mark boundary lines between Significantly different...

A prototype model is exploited to reveal the origin of mixed-mode oscillations. The initial oscillatory solution born at a supercritical Hopf bifurcation and exhibits subsequent period doubling as some parameter varied. This period-2 subsequently loses stability, but continues exist−regaining stability form 11 state (one large plus one small excursion). Other states lie on isolated branches or ‘‘isolas’’ limit cycles in one-parameter diagram are separated by regions chaos. As second varied,...

Logic gates based on chemical wave propagation in geometrically constrained excitable media are demonstrated a Belousov−Zhabotinsky membrane system. The catalyst of the reaction is printed specific predetermined patterns with geometries designed to provide various logic operations. Computational studies serial coupling elements form multicomponent and general circuitry presented.

Intricate patterns of wave propagation are exhibited in a chemical reaction-diffusion system with spatiotemporal feedback. Wave behavior is controlled by feedback-regulated excitability gradients that guide specified directions. Waves interacting boundaries and other waves observed when interaction terms incorporated into the control algorithm. Spatiotemporal feedback offers wide flexibility for designing controlling excitable media.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTControlling chemical chaosBo Peng, Valery Petrov, and Kenneth ShowalterCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 13, 4957–4959Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100166a013https://doi.org/10.1021/j100166a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations178LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetailed studies of propagating fronts in the iodate oxidation arsenous acidAdel Hanna, Alan Saul, and Kenneth ShowalterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 14, 3838–3844Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00378a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00378a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...

When two food sources are presented to the slime mold Physarum in dark, a thick tube for absorbing nutrients is formed that connects through shortest route. light-avoiding organism partially illuminated, however, connecting follows different Defining risk as experimentally measurable rate of movement, minimum-risk path exhibited by organism, determined integrating along path. A model an adaptive-tube network good agreement with experimental observations.

Silica microspheres that are half-coated with platinum metal undergo self-propulsion in solutions of H2O2, the average speed increasing H2O2 concentration. Microscopic observation particle motion, segmentation image data, demonstrates particles move, on average, platinum-coated region oriented opposite to direction motion. Velocity autocorrelation and motion analyses show is highly correlated orientation. The effect time interval measured translational diffusion coefficient apparent analyzed.

A reversible Oregonator model has been used to simulate recent experimental measurements by Schmitz, Graziani, and Hudson of complicated oscillations a Belousov–Zhabotinsky system in stirred tank reactor. The observations indicate chaotic behavior the small amplitude occurring between major excursions, but our computer simulation with error parameter apparently generates true limit cycle six relative maxima before pattern repeats. differences experiment suggest observed experimentally may...

Multistability refers to the coexistence of different stable states in nonlinear dynamical systems. This phenomenon has been observed laboratory experiments and nature. In this introduction, we briefly introduce classes systems which found discuss extension new system classes. Furthermore, concept critical transitions approaches distinguish them according their characteristics. Finally, present some specific applications physics, neuroscience, biology, ecology, climate science.

We report the first experimental observation of extreme multistability in a controlled laboratory investigation. Extreme arises when infinitely many attractors coexist for same set system parameters. The behavior was predicted earlier on theoretical grounds, supported by numerical studies models two coupled identical or nearly systems. construct and couple analog circuits based modified R\"ossler demonstrate occurrence through switching to different attractor states purely change initial...

The interaction of chemical waves propagating through capillary tubes is studied experimentally and numerically. Certain combinations two or more give rise to logic gates based on input output signals in the form wave initiations. geometrical configuration, temporal synchronization waves, ratio tube radius critical excitable medium determine features gates.

The effects of light on the Ru(bpy)32+-catalyzed Belousov−Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction are investigated. Experiments were carried out an organic subset comprised bromomalonic acid, sulfuric and Ru(bpy)32+ as well inorganic bromate, Ru(bpy)32+. also full BZ system. experiments, together with modeling studies utilizing Oregonator scheme modified to account for sensitivity, show that irradiation gives rise two separate processes: photochemical production bromide from acid bromous bromate.

Simple reaction-diffusion fronts are examined in one and two dimensions. In one-dimensional configurations, arising from either quadratic or cubic autocatalysis typically choose the minimum allowable velocity an infinite spectrum of possible wave speeds. These speeds depend on both diffusion coefficient autocatalytic species pseudo-first-order rate constant for reaction. mixed-order case, where channels contribute, speed depends constants channels, provided channel dominates. Wave...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvective effects on chemical waves. 2. Simple convection in the iodate-arsenous acid systemJohn A. Pojman, Irving R. Epstein, Terence J. McManus, and Kenneth ShowalterCite this: Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 3, 1299–1306Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100156a049https://doi.org/10.1021/j100156a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest...