To address the challenges of balancing accuracy and speed, as well parameters FLOPs in current insulator defect detection, we propose an enhanced detection algorithm, ML-YOLOv5, based on YOLOv5 network. The backbone module incorporates depthwise separable convolution, feature fusion C3 is replaced with improved C2f_DG module. Furthermore, enhance pyramid network (MFPN) employ knowledge distillation using YOLOv5m teacher model. Experimental results demonstrate that this approach achieved a...

To address the issues of strong subjectivity, low efficiency, and difficulty in on-site model deployment encountered existing CCTV defect detection pipelines, this article proposes an object based on improved YOLOv5s algorithm. Firstly, involution modules GSConv simplified models are introduced into backbone network feature fusion network, respectively, to enhance accuracy. Secondly, a CBAM attention mechanism is integrated improve accuracy overlapping targets complex backgrounds. Finally,...

Thus far, the vector field of light probed by a nanostructured super-oscillatory lens (SOL) has mostly been studied approximate theoretical means. Here first rigorous electromagnetic (EM) test presented through an established model solved three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. It is found comparisons that scalar/vectorial theories currently used for designing metal-film-coated SOL can effectively predict on-axis intensity behind simulated FDTD both linearly and...

Current ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) always proves inadequate in terms of large attenuation and short working time air due to water leakage. To address this problem, a feasible effective solution was proposed study enhance IPMC performance operating by doping polyethylene oxide (PEO) with superior retention capacity into Nafion membrane. The investigation physical characteristics membranes blended varying PEO contents revealed that PEO/Nafion membrane 20 wt% exhibited homogeneous...

An axial spot size formula is given for a standard binary Fresnel zone plate (FZP) illuminated with linearly polarized beam. The size, characterized by the full width at half-maximum (FWHM), can be accurately expressed Jiang–Wilson formula, viz., dz=0.9λ0/[η−(η2−NA2)1/2], when number of transparent annuli no less than 3. λ0 illumination light wavelength, η refractive index, and NA equivalent numerical aperture FZP. transverse sizes are near linear radial outmost annulus corresponding not...

In order to improve the actuation stability and non-water working time (NWT) of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) in air, polyethylene oxide (PEO) with superior water retention ability was firstly blended into Nafion matrix enhance uptake capacity corresponding IPMCs. The influences molecular weight PEO on ration, ion exchange micromorphology PEO/Nafion membranes, electromechanical properties IPMCs were investigated detail. results showed that ration membranes air greatly improved. IPMC...

Droplet fusion technology is a key for many droplet-based biochemical medical applications. By integrating symmetrical flow channel structure, we demonstrate an acoustics-controlled method of microdroplets using surface acoustic waves. Different kinds can be staggered and ordered in the channel, proving good arrangement effect microfluidic chip. This realize not only effective microbubbles but also different sizes without any modification. Further, investigate influence input frequency...

There has been a significant recent surge in deep neural network (DNN) techniques. Most of the existing DNN techniques have restricted model formats/assumptions. To overcome their limitations, we propose nonparametric transformation model, which encompasses many popular models as special cases and hence is less sensitive to mis-specification. This also potential accommodating heavy-tailed errors, robustness property not broadly shared. Accordingly, new loss function, fundamentally differs...

The refractive index of the immersion medium has a significant influence on shape focal spot in field diffraction optics. For that varies from designed one, change properties diffractive optical elements needs to be verified. By combining vectorial angular spectrum (VAS) theory with genetic algorithm, multiannular nanostructured metasurfaces super-resolution focusing abilities were linearly polarized beam an oil medium. intensity distribution was calculated via finite-difference time-domain,...

With the development of industrial information technology, an online quality inspection technology which can make computer quickly and efficiently obtain 3D production line environment is particularly important. extensive application stereo matching more systems have adopted monitoring programs such as binocular vision. Due to shortage traditional algorithm, complicated process demanding hardware conditions, a fast AD-Census algorithm was proposed in this paper, combining idea image pyramid,...

Current ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) always shows large attenuation and short working time in air because of cracks metal electrodes water leakage. In order to address this problem, a feasible effective solution has been proposed enhance IPMC performance operating by doping polyethylene oxide (PEO) study. The investigation physical characteristics blending membranes varying PEO contents 200k molecular weight revealed that PEO/Nafion membrane with 20 wt% exhibited high uptake ratio...

In response to the challenges of low efficiency and extended computation time in road crack detection, we propose a lightweight real-time segmentation model, LS-UNet, built upon improvements UNet architecture. This approach utilizes deep separable convolutions reduce feature redundancy. Furthermore, it incorporates skip connections with SE attention mechanisms extract cross-level encoder decoder features. Additionally, hybrid loss function combining generalized Dice L1 is employed enhance...