Advanced materials such as continuous carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRP) laminates are commonly used in many industries, mainly because of their strength, stiffness to weight ratio, toughness, weldability, and repairability. Structural components working harsh environments satellites permanently exposed some sort damage during lifetimes. To detect characterize these damages, non-destructive testing evaluation techniques essential tools, especially for composite materials. In this...

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates are widely used in aerospace, automotive, and infrastructure industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, defect detection CFRP remains challenging, particularly low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Conventional segmentation methods often struggle with noise interference signal variations, leading reduced accuracy. In this study, we evaluate the impact of thermal image preprocessing on improving inspected via pulsed...

Abstract The corner echo is a well-known effect in ultrasonic testing, which allows detection of surface breaking cracks with predominantly perpendicular orientation to the as, for example, corrosion metal pipes or shafts. This formed by two planes, crack and breaks. It can also be classified as half-skip method, since reflection pulse occurs on backwall before at defect takes place. In combination diffraction from tip, sizing. As shown this paper, used civil engineering nondestructive...

Micromagnetic materials characterization requires sensors which essentially consist of two critical elements: an electromagnet introduces a well-defined magnetic field to the material, and sensor system detects material's response applied field. The devices developed at Fraunhofer IZFP obtain multiparametric "magnetic fingerprint" with these by means several methods. fingerprints calibration samples are used as input for pattern recognition or regression analysis, thus allowing prediction...

Correlative microscopy approaches are attracting considerable interest in several research fields such as materials and battery research. Recent developments regarding X-ray computer tomography have made this technique available a compact module for scanning electron microscopes (SEMs). Nano-computed (nanoCT) allows morphological analysis of samples nondestructive way to generate 2D 3D overviews. However, alone is not sufficient advanced studies, draw conclusions beyond morphology, chemical...

In lightweight design, developers are used to face the conflicting objectives of functional fulfillment, economic performance, and sustainability. Against this background, however, a clearly structured approach for satisfied use specific engineering methods within product development is still missing. Thus, contribution deals with fundamental conception first implementation systematic methodology covering disciplines mechanics, electrics/electronics software just like focus on an integrated...

Polyamide 6 (PA6) is able to absorb water from the surrounding air and bond it by forming hydrogen bonds between carbonamide groups of its molecular chains. Diffusion processes cause locally different concentrations in (component) cross-section during sorption process, resulting mechanical properties due water-induced plasticisation effect. However, content PA6 usually specified as an integral value, so no information about a local distribution within component provided. This paper shows...

Generating polymer-metal structures by means of additive manufacturing offers huge potential for customized, sustainable and lightweight solutions. However, challenges exist, primarily with regard to reliability reproducibility the additively generated joints. In this study, polymers ABS, PETG PLA, which are common in material extrusion, were joined grit-blasted aluminum substrates. Temperature dependence polymer melt rheology, wetting tensile single-lap-shear strength examined order obtain...

For hypersonic transport vehicles with combined turbo-ramjet engines operating in the Mach 0 to 6+ regime exhaust nozzle/aftbody configuration is one of most important areas. The variable and controllable hot gas single expansion ramp nozzles coupled different bypass boundary layer flows represent highly integrated propulsion/airframe-systems. These systems influence considerably vectorial force moment balance total aircraft. This paper presents examples some concept studies generic nozzle...

Growing requirements of Sheet Molding Compound (SMC) parts make new material combinations necessary. One strategy is to reinforce SMC with unidirectional carbon fiber tapes improve its mechanical properties. As quality assessment cured necessary, examination semi-finished materials would be favorable. Two types nondestructive testing methods, Thermography and Ultrasound, are compared determine the best control method. These methods examined on plates identify defects like air inclusions,...

Early damage detection and classification by condition monitoring systems is crucial to enable predictive maintenance of manufacturing industrial facilities. Data analysis can be improved applying machine learning algorithms fusion data from heterogenous sensors. This paper presents an approach for a step-wise integration classifications gained vibration acoustic emission sensors in order combine the information signals acquired low high frequency ranges. A test rig comprising drive train...

Over the past few decades, there has been a growing trend in designing multifunctional materials and integrating various functions into single component structure without defects. This research addresses contemporary demand for multiple seamlessly thermoplastic laminate structures. Focusing on NiTi-based shape memory alloys (SMAs), renowned their potential introducing functionalities like strain measurement change, this study explores diverse surface treatments SMA wires. Techniques such as...

Current resource and energy requirements call for the use of most beneficial materials with suitable design at right place as well appropriate manufacturing technologies associated process chains. Additive (AM) can play a key role prospective multi-material components, particular its versatile advantages in design-driven flexibility, customization, lightweight design. However, obstacles to industrialization are less due technology itself rather than actual chain integration, from conception...

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a powerful and versatile technique for materials characterization present in many laboratories. The integration of an X-ray target holder detector allows expanding the modalities SEM by imaging. These little hardware adaptations enable radiography or computed tomography (CT) to gain three-dimensional (3D) information about sample be investigated. Since SEM-based CT non-destructive technique, method can also image time-dependent changes microstructure....

Using additive manufacturing to generate a polymer-metal structure offers the potential achieve complex customized polymer joined metal base of high stiffness and strength. A tool evaluate generated interface during process is fundamental interest, as sequential deposition well temperature gradients within substrate lead local variations in adhesion depending on processing conditions. On preheated aluminum substrates, 0.3 0.6 mm traces polylactic acid (PLA) were deposited. Based differential...

Non-destructive testing of objects and structures is a valuable tool, especially in cultural heritage where the preservation inspected sample vital importance. In this paper, decorative marquetry with three non-destructive (NDT) techniques: air-coupled ultrasound, X-ray micro-tomography, infrared thermography. Results from techniques were compared discussed. micro-tomography presented most detailed results. On other hand, thermography provided interesting results advantage being cheap easy...