The epigenetic repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) in winter-annual ecotypes Arabidopsis by prolonged cold ensures that plants flower spring and not during winter. Resetting the FLC expression level progeny is an important step life cycle plant. We show both paternally derived maternally FLC:GUS genes are reset to activity but timing their first differs. paternal gene vernalized expressed male reproductive organs, anthers, somatic tissue sporogenous pollen mother cells, there no mature...

An Arabidopsis oleosin was used as a model to study topology and targeting oil bodies. Oleosin mRNA in vitro translated with canine microsomes range of truncated forms. This allowed proteinase K mapping the membrane topology. maintains conformation membrane-integrated hydrophobic domain flanked by N- C-terminal domains located on outer microsome surface. is unique endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Three universally conserved proline residues within "proline knot" motif were substituted leucine...

Traditional course deadline policies uphold the myth of “normal” student, assuming students face few and equal barriers to completing work on time. In contrast, flexible acknowledge that unequal seek mitigate them. Flexible maintain structure while transferring some decision-making power from instructor into hands student. These practices align with current pedagogical movements in higher education empower all meet learning goals. This study explores student perspectives on, use of,...

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) strategies aim to reduce learning barriers in the classroom all students and remove need with disabilities advocate on their own behalf. Leadership Scholarship of Teaching has a role play advancing inclusive cultures higher education. At frontline education delivery, faculty are best positioned implement UDL practices. Initiatives encourage broader implementation require an understanding opportunities Published studies that investigate have been almost...

Alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is a telomere length maintenance mechanism based on recombination, where use other telomeric DNA as template for synthesis. About 10% all human tumors depend ALT their continued growth, and understanding its molecular details critically important the development cancer treatments that target this mechanism. We have previously shown ALT-positive cells can become lengthened via inter-telomeric copying, i.e. by copying another chromosome. The...

Walsh, K. D., Puttick, D. M., Hills M. J., Yang R.-C., Topinka, C. and Hall, L. 2012. Short Communication: First report of outcrossing rates in camelina [ Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz], a potential platform for bioindustrial oils. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 681–685. Outcrossing were low (0.09–0.28%), suggesting is primarily self-pollinated species. was affected by flowering synchrony influenced planting date as well direction distance (20, 40 or 60 cm) from the pollen source. Pollen-mediated...

MacroH2A (mH2A) is one of the most recently identified members heteromorphous histone variant family. It unique among this group because it contains an unusually large non-histone C-terminal end, from where its name derives, and appears to be restricted subphylum vertebrata. Although a concerted effort has been carried out in order characterize physiological relevance mH2A, little known comparison about structural importance molecule. Elucidating biophysical conformational proprieties mH2A...

Lipase (triacylglycerol lipase, EC 3.1.1.3) activities have been reported previously in the lipid body and microsomal membranes of oilseed-rape (Brassica napus cv. Andor) seedlings, but conflicting data made it unclear whether there was one lipase bodies, with activity being attributable to fragments lipid-body membrane, or if were two separate activities. In present study, simultaneous characterization lipases under identical conditions showed they differed substantially their pH-activity...

Development of transgenic triticale as a platform for novel bio-industrial products is predicated on an environmental biosafety assessment that quantifies the potential risks associated with its release.Pollen-mediated gene flow to related species and conventional varieties one pathway transgene movement.A tier 1 quantification hybridization was conducted by emasculating hand pollinating flowers under greenhouse conditions.Approximately 2000 manual pollinations were each cross reciprocal...

ABSTRACT Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz is a biofuel crop with application on the Great Western Plains of North America that being developed using genetic engineering. Before release genetically engineered cultivars, potential for pollen‐mediated gene flow (PMGF) needs to be assessed determine if they can coexist conventional cultivars without causing market harm. Medium‐scale field experiments (40‐m diameter) were conducted in 2011 and 2012 quantify PMGF seed‐expressed florescent marker bar...

Abstract Anticipated learning outcomes (LOs) were defined and used for the backward design of a Course‐based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE). These LOs reflect inquiry‐based nature CUREs capture key knowledge skills inherent to scientific practice essential in research. The plan formative summative assessment strategy support evaluate student achievement. A research question was identified that aligned with goals course, provided an opportunity discovery iteration, introduced...

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyses the acylation of sn-3 hydroxy group sn-1,2-diacylglycerol using acyl-CoA. The gene encoding DGAT from Arabidopsis thaliana has been cloned and function enzyme proved by expression coding sequence a bacculovirus system in insect cell cultures. expressed protein catalysed synthesis [(14)C]triacylglycerol [(14)C]diacylglycerol oleoyl-CoA. heterologously activity was found mostly associated with 100000 g pellet. optimum achieved at neutral pH,...

Commercial varieties of canola (Brassica napus L. and B rapa L.) are susceptible to infestations by the root maggots Delia radicum (L.) floralis (Fallén) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in western Canada. Although cultural strategies can ameliorate crop damage from maggot infestations, these methods not sufficiently effective prevent substantial economic losses. In this paper we report development germplasm for resistance introgression genes a resistant relative (Sinapis alba The effectiveness...

Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) is being evaluated as a platform crop for genetically engineered (GE) novel oils but it must be able to coexist with non‐GE flax without causing market harm. The GE volunteers are potential source of gene flow via pollen and seed. Field experiments in 2005 2006 quantified emergence periodicity volunteer direct seeded conventionally tilled fields. Germination rates naked seeds seed retained bolls were compared laboratory greenhouse trials. Lastly, 20 commercial...

ABSTRACT Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus) is primarily an animal feed crop with promising qualities for a bioindustrial crop. Development of genetically modified (GM) triticale in progress and before release GM cultivars, the potential pollen‐mediated gene flow (PMGF) needs to be assessed determine if it can coexist conventional cultivars without causing market harm. Small large plot experiments were conducted quantify PMGF using experimental blue aleurone line as pollen donor...

Flax is a minor oilseed crop in Canada largely exported to the European Union for use as source of industrial oil and feed ingredient. While flax could be genetically engineered (GE) enhance nutritional value, adoption transgenic technologies threatens conventional market acceptability. Harvest seed loss GE crops persistence volunteers bank are major factors influencing transgene persistence. Ten commercial fields Alberta, Canada, were sampled after harvesting 2006 2007, density viability...

Global expansion in the cultivation of genetically engineered (GE) crops has raised concerns about adventitious presence GE seeds non-GE and organic products. Flax is second most important oilseed crop western Canada currently being evaluated as a potential platform for production bio-products. Before transgenic flax released commercial production, mitigation measures must be identified to reduce subsequent crops. To quantify volunteer spring wheat identify efficacy herbicide treatments on...

Acyl-CoA esters inhibit the plastidial glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) transporter and adenylate transporter; IC(50) values for inhibition by oleoyl-CoA (18:1-CoA) are 200-400 nM 1-2 microM respectively. The of either these processes significantly reduces flux carbon from Glc-6-P or acetate into long-chain fatty acids. effect is dependent on acyl chain length, e.g. lauryl-CoA less inhibitory than oleoyl-CoA, causing 34 68% respectively uptake after 30 s. ATP transport alleviated addition an...

A rapid and accurate assay for lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of radioactively labeled triacylglycerols has been developed. Aliquots reaction mixtures are applied directly, i.e., without extraction the lipolysis products, to thin-layer chromatography plates coated with Silica Gel H containing 5% Na2CO3 (w/w), heated 10 sec, developed diethyl ether-methanol 97:3 (v/v) a height 4-5 cm. About 98.5% fatty acids immobilized as sodium salts at origin chromatogram, whereas tri-, di-, monoacylglycerols...

Triticale is a low input crop, produced in North America primarily for silage animal feed. Currently, seed growers have few herbicide options producing certified seed. There anecdotal evidence that triticale tolerates many of the same herbicides as wheat. In 2004 and 2005, tolerance three spring varieties (AC Alta, AC Ultima, Pronghorn) was tested with four registered wheat: florasulam + MCPA ester, clodinafop-propargyl, thifensulfuron-methyl/tribenuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron-methyl 2,4-D...

Cell-based therapies offer a promising strategy to treat tendon injuries and diseases. Both mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) pluripotent stem (PSCs) are good candidates for such applications due their self-renewing differentiation capacity. However, the translation of cell-based from bench bedside can be hindered by use animal-derived components in ancillary materials lack standardised media protocols vitro tenogenic differentiation. To address this, we have optimized animal component-free...