A5084576239- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Forest Management and Policy
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Heavy metals in environment
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Climate change and permafrost
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Duke University
2015-2024
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2024
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
2011-2023
Kerntechnische Entsorgung Karlsruhe (Germany)
2013
St Nicholas Hospital
2013
University of New Hampshire
2009
University of Toronto
2001
Bedrock weathering runs to the hills Fractures in bedrock drive breakdown of rock into soil. Soil makes observations processes challenging. St. Clair et al. combined a three-dimensional stress model with geophysical measurements show that erosion rates mirror changes topography (see Perspective by Anderson). Seismic reflection and electromagnetic profiles allowed mapping fracture density. The surface elevation thus provide way study critical zone between Science , this issue p. 534 ; see also 506
Abstract Stratigraphy provides insights into the evolution and dynamics of Earth System over its long history. With recent developments in science, changes can now be observed directly projected near future. An integration two approaches powerful nature significance contemporary to Earth. From both perspectives, has been pushed out Holocene Epoch by human activities, with mid‐20th century a strong candidate for start date Anthropocene, proposed new epoch Here we explore contrasting scenarios...
Pedology was born in the 18th and 19th centuries, when soil first conceived as a natural body worthy of its own scientific investigation. For well over century, pedology explored system developed from complex processes. By mid-20th however, human activities began to affect substantial global changes with influence on dynamics Earth's environment. Such anthropedogenesis defined "metapedogenesis" by Yaalon Yaron (1966), definition that we propose here be important development natural-body...
In 1961, the late Marlin G. Cline wrote a remarkable essay entitled, “The Changing Model of Soil” for 25th Anniversary Issue Soil Science Society America Proceedings. was most impressed with how geomorphology enriching pedology, and increasingly sophisticated views soil time processes formation. We revisit Cline's general objectives by re‐evaluating changing model from perspective early 21st century, taking stock application models to contemporary needs challenges. Today, three ongoing...
Earth's rapidly changing near-surface environment needs systematic observation to better manage future crop production, climates, and water quality.
Abstract Reforestation of formerly cultivated land is widely understood to accumulate above‐ and belowground detrital organic matter pools, including soil matter. However, during 40 years study reforestation in the subtropical southeastern USA , repeated observations carbon documented that significant gains ( SOM ) surface soils (0–7.5 cm) were offset by losses subsoils (35–60 cm). Here, we extended observation period this long‐term experiment an additional decade, used fractionation stable...
Abstract Biospheric relationships between production and consumption of biomass have been resilient to changes in the Earth system over billions years. This relationship has increased its complexity, from localized ecosystems predicated on anaerobic microbial a global biosphere founded primary oxygenic photoautotrophs, through evolution Eukarya, metazoans, complexly networked microbes, animals, fungi, plants that characterize Phanerozoic Eon (the last ∼541 million years history). At present,...
Research Article| September 01, 2012 Coupling meteoric 10Be with pedogenic losses of 9Be to improve soil residence time estimates on an ancient North American interfluve Allan R. Bacon; Bacon 1University Program in Ecology, and Nicholas School the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328, Durham, Carolina 27708, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Daniel deB. Richter; Richter Paul Bierman; Bierman 2Department Geology Natural Resources, University Vermont, 180...
A number of scientists have named our age the Anthropocene because humanity is globally affecting Earth systems, including soil. Global soil change raises important questions about future soil, environment, and human society. Although many strive to understand forcings as integral genesis, there remains an explicit need for a science anthropedology detail how fully fledged soil-forming factor affects well being. The development maturation critical achieving land-use sustainability needs be...
A holistic investigation considering the sugarcane bagasse characterization, fast pyrolysis and upgrading of bio-oil applying two nickel-based catalysts is presented. The composition correlated to building blocks, hydrotreatment reaction pathways are identified. Despite high ash content 6.75 wt%, 60.1 wt% was obtained by pyrolysis, attributed low concentration potassium (0.08 wt%) humidity (2.80 observed in bagasse. Upgraded with 60.3% less water 43.3% oxygen were Ni/SiO2, resulting an HHV...
Postfire changes in the local energy balance and soil chemistry may significantly alter rates of carbon turnover organic‐rich soils boreal forests. This study combines field measurements uptake emission along a 140‐year chronosequence burned black spruce stands to evaluate timescales over which these disturbance effects operate. Soil CO 2 efflux increased as function stand age at mean rate 0.12 Mg C ha −1 yr −2 up maximum 2.2 140‐year‐old stand. During this same time period, organic horizons...
Roots and associated microbes generate acid-forming CO2 organic acids accelerate mineral weathering deep within Earth’s critical zone (CZ). At the Calhoun CZ Observatory in USA’s Southern Piedmont, we tested hypothesis that deforestation-induced root losses reduce root- microbially-mediated agents well below maximum density (to 5 m), impart land-use legacies even after ~70 y of forest regeneration. In forested plots, declined with depth to 200 cm; cultivated roots approached zero at depths...
Abstract Soil acidification is a very important process in the functioning of earth's ecosystems. A major source soil acidity CO 2 , derived from respiration plant roots and microbes, which forms carbonic acid waters. Because elevated atmospheric often stimulates biota experiments that test ecosystem effects we hypothesize rising (which has increased ∼200 ppm since interglacial may exceed 550 by end 21st century) significantly increasing inputs to soils. Here, using column‐leaching with...