In a construction project, the cost and duration of activities could change due to different uncertain variables such as weather, resource availability, etc. Resource leveling allocation strategies also influence total time costs projects. this paper, two concepts time-cost trade-off have been embedded in stochastic multiobjective optimization model which minimizes project time, cost, moments. proposed time-cost-resource utilization (TCRO) model, are considered be fuzzy, increase flexibility...

The problem of selection or ranking alternatives based on multiple criteria is not an easy problem, neither economically nor mathematically. recent advancements in various structural systems have made the appropriate system for a specific project challenging decision-making process. This process involves different economic and technical representing availability experienced technicians engineers necessary machinery construction materials. Economic life cycle, environmental protection related...

The Tehran metropolitan area is one of the mega cities world and has an annual domestic water consumption close to billion cubic meters. sewer system mainly consists traditional absorption wells. Therefore, return flow from been main sources groundwater recharge. Some part this sewage drained into local rivers drainage channels partially contaminates surface runoff flows. These polluted waters are used in conjunction with for irrigation purposes southern Tehran. In paper, a systematic...

ABSTRACT In this paper, an extension of the statistical downscaling model ( SDSM ), namely data‐mining DMDM has been developed. same platform as most cited models, and ASD . Multiple linear regression MLR ridge RR multivariate adaptive splines MARS ) tree MT constitute mathematical core uses basis functions in rules to keep structure ; therefore, all assumptions are also valid These methods highlight effect data partitioning for meteorological predictors procedure. Inputs output presented...

Introduction of new structural systems into construction industry has created a competitive environment wherein selecting the most appropriate system become increasingly difficult. Some have priority over others due to their unique features,as well as special requirements various projects. The system's selection process is intended show trade-off among different alternatives when evaluated by technical and nontechnical professionals maximize agreement between all interested parties. This...

Abstract This article aimed to investigate the potential of using three large‐scale precipitation products (PPs), including TRMM, ERA5‐Land, and MSWEP, two land surface characteristics, NDVI Land Surface Temperature (LST), improve accuracy an elevation‐based spatial non‐stationary, Locally Weighted Linear Regression (LWLR) method. A two‐step approach consisting downscaling merging was proposed assessed across orographically complex region in Iran construct monthly maps for 2001–2015 period....

Abstract Climate change is expected to the frequency, duration, intensity, and pattern of precipitation, underscoring need for accurate predictive tools. Earth system models (ESMs) serve as invaluable instruments in this endeavour, simulating climate variable variations across temporal spatial dimensions. This study aims develop a methodology generating precise daily precipitation maps by rectifying biases inherent ESM outputs. The proposed includes downscaling outputs simulate historical...

Abstract Water quality management is a critical aspect of environmental sustainability, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran where water scarcity compounded by degradation. This study delves into the causal relationships influencing quality, focusing on Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) primary indicator Karkheh River, southwest Iran. Utilizing comprehensive dataset spanning 50 years (1968–2018), this research integrates Machine Learning (ML) techniques to examine correlations...

Abstract In this paper, a genetic algorithm model is developed to optimise the crop pattern of irrigation networks, considering water allocation priorities and surface groundwater availability. The objective function maximise net benefits agricultural products, allowable table fluctuations, pumping costs, as well impacts supply deficit on production. formulated in such way that both from or resources are simultaneously optimized. Due large number decision variables non‐linearity problem,...

Abstract Excessive demand for water due to a growing population, agricultural, and industrial development, along with climate change depletion of nonrenewable resources have intensified the need integrated management pollution control. This paper presents different aspects master plan control results case study developing in Isfahan Province Iran. Different components system sources area were identified effects each on surface groundwater contamination investigated. Two Multiple Criterion...