A5083451522- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Research Data Management Practices
- Forest ecology and management
- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Landslides and related hazards
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies
- Aerospace and Aviation Technology
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Pasture and Agricultural Systems
- Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
National Ecological Observatory Network
2012-2024
Battelle
2019-2021
Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research
2008-2019
University of Colorado Boulder
2008-2014
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2003
Decomposition is a critical source of plant nutrients, and drives the largest flux terrestrial C to atmosphere. Decomposing soil organic matter typically contains litter from multiple species, yet we lack mechanistic understanding how species diversity influences decomposition processes. Here, show that N cycling during are controlled by composition chemical compounds within mixtures, rather than simple metrics diversity. We amended native soils with mixtures containing up 4 alpine used 9...
With a growing number of Earth observation (EO) products available through operational programmes such as the European Union's Copernicus, there is increasing emphasis on product accuracy and uncertainty, necessitating evaluation against in situ reference measurements. Whilst existing datasets have proven valuable resource, they incorporate little data with which from recent EO instruments can be assessed. A reliance individual field campaigns has also led to several inconsistencies, whilst...
The Sentinel-2 Level 2 Prototype Processor (SL2P) is made available to users for the retrieval of vegetation biophysical variables including leaf area index (LAI) from Multispectral Instrument (MSI) data within Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP). A limited number validation exercises have indicated SL2P LAI retrievals frequently meet user requirements over agricultural environments, but perform comparatively poorly heterogeneous canopies such as forests. Recently, a modified version was...
Rapid changes in climate and land use the resulting shifts species distributions ecosystem functions have motivated development of National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). Integrating across spatial scales from ground sampling to remote sensing, NEON will provide data for users address ecological responses climate, use, invasion United States at least 30 years. Although sensing tower sensor elements are relatively well known, biological measurements not. This manuscript describes...
Abstract Global change drivers influence ecological processes at multiple scales and manifest across most of Earth as changes in biodiversity, biogeochemical cycles, infectious disease incidence, ecohydrology. Small‐scale investigations provide compelling evidence specific effects global on local systems, but are limited use modeling complex continental‐to‐global scales. Long‐term observations distributed a diversity habitat types needed to improve the ability forecast large spatial temporal...
Canopy biophysical variables such as the fraction of canopy cover (fCOVER), absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR), and leaf area index (LAI) are widely used for ecosystem modelling monitoring. The Sentinel-2 mission was designed systematic global mapping these at 20 m resolution using imagery from MultiSpectral Instrument. Simplified Level 2 Prototype Processor (SL2P) is available a baseline solution. Previous validation over limited sites indicates that SL2P generally...
Abstract Digital hemispherical photography (DHP) is widely used to derive forest biophysical variables including leaf, plant, and green area index (LAI, PAI GAI), the fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (FIPAR), vegetation cover (FCOVER). However, majority software packages for processing DHP data are based on a graphical user interface, making programmatic analysis difficult. Meanwhile, few natively support RAW image formats, while none incorporate propagation or...
We measured the litter chemistry of two co‐dominant alpine species, Acomastylis rossii , a forb characterized by low growth rate and N uptake capacity, Deschampsia caespitosa grass high examined effect these species had on phytometers in greenhouse. also influence from microbial respiration immobilization N, separate laboratory microcosm experiments field. hypothesized that would reduce plant more than litter, corresponding with either 1) suppression activity thus decrease mineralization, or...
Increasing root carbon inputs into soils has been proposed as a solution to increasing soil organic (SOC). However, while fine (FRC) can increase SOC accrual in soils, FRC also enhance loss by stimulating microbial respiration and cause net of through priming. It remains unclear how varies function at broad spatial scales. Here, we tested the relationship using data from 43 sites across Continental USA. We found that total stocks top 2 meters were positively related with an across-ecosystem...
Abstract The National Ecological Observatory Network ( NEON ) seeks to facilitate ecological prediction at a continental scale by measuring processes that drive change and responses sites across the United States for thirty years. spatial distribution of observations terrestrial organisms soil within is determined according “design‐based” sample design relies on randomization sampling locations. Development was guided high‐level objectives multitude data products will be subjected numerous...
Abstract It is a critical time to reflect on the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) science date as well envision what research can be done right now with NEON (and other) data and training needed enable diverse user community. became fully operational in May 2019 has pivoted from planning construction operation maintenance. In this overview, history of foundational thinking around are discussed. A framework open described discussion how situated part larger constellation—across...
Summary 1. Plant carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) inputs to soil interact with microbes abiotic factors like climate pH influence fertility plant productivity. Although root exudates litter are important affecting the cycling of nutrients critical growth, many studies remain focused on effects above‐ground inputs. 2. Using two species that co‐dominate alpine moist meadows as a model system (the phenolic‐rich forb Geum rossii , fast‐growing grass Deschampsia caespitosa ), we asked whether C from...
Abstract The National Ecological Observatory Network Terrestrial Observation System (NEON TOS) produces open‐access data products that allow users to investigate the impact of change drivers on key “sentinel” taxa and soils. spatial temporal sampling strategy coordinates implementation these protocols enables integration across TOS with generated by NEON aquatic, remote sensing, terrestrial instrument subsystems. Here, we illustrate plots units make up physical foundation a site, describe...
Summary Phenolics are an important, biologically reactive component of the carbon (C) pool that moves from plants to soil. Once in soil, phenolics can regulate plant–soil feedbacks because their influence on soil nitrogen biogeochemistry. Roots a largely overlooked potential source below‐ground phenolic C. We examined fluxes alpine ecosystem, where associated with slow rates nutrient cycling. Using phenolic‐rich forb ( Acomastylis rossii ) and grass low tissue Deschampsia caespitosa ), we...
The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) aims to provide improved characterization of forest structure, and plant area index (PAI) is one many variables provided in the official GEDI Level 2B (L2B) product suite. However, since release, few quantitative validation studies have been conducted. To reach Stage 1 hierarchy proposed by Land Product Validation (LPV) sub-group Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Working Group Calibration (WGCV), we an initial assessment PAI...
Abstract A number of studies have previously examined the capacity intracellular Leishmania parasites to modulate macrophages process and present Ags MHC class II-restricted CD4+ T cells. However, bulk culture approaches used for assessing cell activation make interpretation some these difficult. To gain a more precise understanding interaction between Leishmania-infected effector cells, we analyzed various parameters in individual macrophage-T conjugates. efficiently stimulate...
The Copernicus Ground-Based Observations for Validation (GBOV) service aims to develop and distribute robust in-situ datasets from a selection of ground-based monitoring sites systematic quantitative validation Earth Observation (EO) land products. EO products particular interest are those the Global Land Service (CGLS), but GBOV data usage is not restricted CGLS fully open entire community, following general policy. In this paper, global overview shown, attention focused on vegetation type...
Achieving the Global Climate Observing System goal of 10 m resolution leaf area index (LAI) maps is critical for applications related to climate adaptation, sustainable agriculture, and ecosystem monitoring. Five strategies producing LAI from Sentinel-2 (S2) imagery are evaluated: i. bi-cubic interpolation 20 S2 Simplified Level 2 Prototype Processor Version 1 (SL2PV1) as currently performed by Sentinel Applications Platform (SNAP), ii. applying SL2PV1 reflectance bands spatially downscaled...
Here we review the numerous studies of plant–microbe interactions conducted at Niwot Ridge LTER site in Colorado, USA. By synthesising work scales ranging from rhizosphere to landscape, offer a mechanistic view how these are essential understanding spatial and temporal structuring plant microbial communities across this diverse changing landscape. These new insights also important for making predictions about both populations will respond future changes environment, especially with regard...
Abstract Biological invasions are a leading cause of rapid ecological change and often present significant financial burden. As vibrant discipline, invasion biology has made important strides in identifying, mapping, beginning to manage invasions, but questions remain surrounding the mechanisms by which invasive species spread impacts they bring about. Frequent, multiscalar monitoring such as that provided through National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) can be an tool for addressing...
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Following this protocol, students will identify a specific site for soil collection, test it suitability, and collect metadata about the sample including location coordinates, leaf litter depth, temperature. Students then cores (separated organic mineral horizon samples or combined samples) metagenomic analysis to measure pH moisture. Before sampling, have plan type, number, approximate of all collect, gather prepare necessary supplies, practice using corer other sampling devices. After...