A5065067181- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Color perception and design
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Education, Psychology, and Social Research
- Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
National Institute of Mental Health
2018-2023
Charles University
2022
Animal phobias are one of the most prevalent mental disorders. We analysed how fear and disgust, two emotions involved in their onset maintenance, elicited by common phobic animals. In an online survey, subjects rated 25 animal images according to disgust. Additionally, they completed four psychometrics, Fear Survey Schedule II (FSS), Disgust Scale - Revised (DS-R), Snake Questionnaire (SNAQ), Spider (SPQ). Based on a redundancy analysis, disgust image ratings could be described axes,...
Focusing on one group of animals can bring interesting results regarding our attitudes toward them and show the key features that evaluation such is based on. Thus, we designed a study human perception all reptiles focusing relationship between perceived fear, disgust, aesthetic preferences differences snakes other reptiles. Two sets containing 127 standardized photos were developed, with species per each subfamily. Respondents asked to rate according beauty seven-point Likert scale....
Humans perceive snakes as threatening stimuli, resulting in fast emotional and behavioral responses. However, snake species differ their true level of danger are highly variable appearance despite the uniform legless form. Different may evoke fear or disgust humans, even both emotions simultaneously. We designed three-step-selection experiments to identify prototypical evoking exclusively disgust. First, two independent groups respondents evaluated 45 images covering most natural variability...
Threat perception is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, shaped by evolutionary pressures and modern environmental demands. While ancestral threats (e.g., snakes) have been shown to elicit stronger neural responses than guns), less known about how the brain processes airborne threats, such as depictions individuals wearing face masks. This fMRI study investigates ancestral, modern, identify shared distinct activation patterns. Sixty participants viewed visual stimuli from three...
This paper continues our previous study in which we examined the respondents' reaction to two morphologically different snake stimuli categories – one evoking exclusively fear and another disgust. Here acquired Likert-type scale scores of disgust evoked by same a total 330 respondents. Moreover, collected data about age, gender, education, (Snake Questionnaire, SNAQ), propensity (Disgust Scale-Revised, DS-R), analyzed effect these variables on emotional (with special focus snake-fearful...
Snakes have been important ambush predators of both primates and human hunter-gatherers throughout their co-evolutionary history. Viperid snakes in particular are responsible for most fatal venomous snakebites worldwide thus represent a strong selective pressure. They elicit intense fear humans easily recognizable thanks to distinctive morphotype. In this study, we measured skin resistance (SR) heart rate (HR) subjects exposed snake pictures eliciting either high (10 viperid species) or...
To investigate a specificity of spiders as prototypical fear- and disgust-eliciting stimuli, we conducted an online experiment. The respondents rated images 25 spiders, 12 non-spider chelicerates, 10 other arthropods on fear disgust 7-point scale. evaluation 968 Central European confirmed the among supported notion cognitive category. We delineated this category covering extant spider species well some chelicerates bearing physical resemblance to mainly whip camel spiders. suggested calling...
Deep fear of spiders is common in many countries, yet its origin remains unexplained. In this study, we tested a hypothesis based on recent studies suggesting that might stem from generalized chelicerates or scorpions. To end, conducted an eye tracking experiment using spontaneous gaze preference paradigm, with and scorpions (previously neglected but crucial stimuli) as threatening stimuli grasshoppers control stimuli. total, 67 participants Somaliland the Czech Republic were recruited...
The administration of questionnaires presents an easy way obtaining important knowledge about phobic patients. However, it is not well known how these subjective measurements correspond to the patient's objective condition. Our study aimed compare scores on and image evaluation behavioral approach test (BAT) neurophysiological effect spiders extracted from fMRI measurements. was explore reliably statements physiological parameters discriminate between phobics non-phobics, what are best...
The aspects of facial attractiveness have been widely studied, especially within the context evolutionary psychology, which proposes that aesthetic judgements human faces are shaped by biologically based standards beauty reflecting mate quality. However, primates, who very similar to us yet still considered non-human, remain neglected. In this paper, we aimed study non-human primates as judged respondents. We asked 286 Czech respondents score photos 107 primate species according their...
Spiders are among the animals evoking highest fear and disgust such a complex response might have been formed throughout human evolution. Ironically, most spiders do not present serious threat, so evolutionary explanation remains questionable. We suggest that other chelicerates, as scorpions, potentially important in formation fixation of spider-like category. In this eye-tracking study, we focused on attentional, behavioral, emotional to images spiders, snakes, crabs used task-irrelevant...
Zvířata vždy představovala důležitou součást života člověka, a proto v něm mohou vyvolávat nejrůznější emoce.V této práci jsme se zaměřili na pozitivní emoce, které nás zvířata vzbuzují, to zejména krásu viděnou lidskýma očima.Jelikož světě existuje velké množství druhů patřících do různých taxonomických skupin, je důležité podívat, jak lidé kognitivně kategorizují jaké charakteristiky ovlivňují hodnocení krásy každé skupině zvířat zvlášť
Abstract Spiders evoke significant fear and disgust in many people; such a complex response has been formed throughout human evolution. However, most spiders do not present serious threat, so the evolutionary explanation is controversial. We suggest that other chelicerates, e.g., scorpions, might have important formation fixation of spider-like category. In this eye-tracking study, we checked for some aspects attentional, behavioral, emotional to spider, scorpion, snake, crab stimuli used as...