A5088184958- Gut microbiota and health
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microscopic Colitis
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Spondyloarthritis Studies and Treatments
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Immune cells in cancer
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health and Medical Research Impacts
- Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
University of Oxford
2020-2025
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
2023-2025
Institute of Rheumatology
2025
John Radcliffe Hospital
2020
Stanford University
2009-2018
Significance Gram-negative bacteria use the type VI secretion system (T6SS) to deliver effectors into adjacent cells. Salmonella Typhimurium is an enteric pathogen that causes disease in millions of individuals each year. Its ability infect mammalian gut a key factor contributes its virulence and transmission new hosts. However, many details on how successfully colonizes persists among members microbiota remain be deciphered. In this work, we provide evidence uses antibacterial weapon,...
Aims: This study evaluated the use of Enterococcus species differentiation as a tool for microbial source tracking (MST) in recreational waters. Methods and Results: Avian, mammalian human faecal samples were screened occurrence avium, casseliflavus, durans, gallinarum, faecium, faecalis, hirae saccharolyticus using multiplex PCR. Host-specific patterns presence observed only when data multiple considered aggregate. Conclusions: The results suggest that no single is reliable indicator host...
Musculoskeletal diseases affect up to 20% of adults worldwide. The gut microbiome has been implicated in inflammatory conditions, but large-scale metagenomic evaluations have not yet traced the routes by which immunity affects arthritis. To characterize community structure and associated functional processes driving microbial involvement arthritis, Inflammatory Arthritis Microbiome Consortium investigated 440 stool shotgun metagenomes comprising 221 diagnosed with rheumatoid ankylosing...
In order to be transmitted, a pathogen must first successfully colonize and multiply within host. Ecological principles can applied study host-pathogen interactions predict transmission dynamics. Little is known about the population biology of Salmonella during persistent infection. To define enterica serovar Typhimurium structure in this context, 129SvJ mice were oral gavaged with mixture eight wild-type isogenic tagged (WITS) strains. Distinct subpopulations arose intestinal systemic...
Abstract Background Identifying which taxa are targeted by immunoglobulins can uncover important host-microbe interactions. Immunoglobulin binding of commensal be assayed sorting bound bacteria from samples and using amplicon sequencing to determine their taxonomy, a technique most widely applied study A (IgA-Seq). Previous experiments have scored taxon in IgA-Seq datasets comparing abundances the IgA unbound sorted fractions. However, as these relative abundances, such scores influenced...
We examine disease-specific and cross-disease functions of the human gut microbiome by colonizing germ-free mice, at risk for inflammatory arthritis, colitis, or neuroinflammation, with over 100 fecal microbiomes from subjects rheumatoid ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, ulcerative Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer. find common phenotypes driven individuals intestinal inflammation as well distinct specific to sclerosis patients. Inflammatory disease in mice colonized correlated...
Vibrio cholerae strains are capable of inhabiting multiple niches in the aquatic environment and some cases cause disease humans. However, ecology biodiversity these bacteria environmental settings remains poorly understood. We used genomic fingerprinting technique enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence PCR (ERIC-PCR) to profile 835 isolates from waters sediments obtained at nine sites along central California coast. identified 115 ERIC-PCR genotypes 998 fingerprints, with...
The association between cancer and thrombogenesis has been recognized since 1865, tissue factor (TF) is important at various stages in the natural history of disease. It involved angiogenesis, growth metastasis. TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI), being major physiological regulator TF-dependent coagulation pathway, also establishing net procoagulant potential. In this study, we determine TFPI levels three prostate epithelial cell lines, one normal two malignant origin. Cells were grown standard...
T cell cross-reactivity ensures that diverse pathogen-derived epitopes encountered during a lifetime are recognized by the available TCR repertoire. A feature of where previous exposure to one microbe can alter immunity subsequent, non-related pathogens has been mainly explored for viruses. Yet additional microbes is important consider, especially in HIV infection gut-intestinal barrier dysfunction could facilitate commensal/pathogenic microbes. Here we evaluated 'public', HIV-specific, CD8...
Summary Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is characterized by type-17 immune-driven joint inflammation, and intestinal inflammation present in around 70% of patients. In this study, we asked whether axSpA stool contained Th17-associated cytokines related to systemic Th17 activation. We measured cytokine calprotectin levels ELISA found that patients with have increased IL-17A, IL-23, GM-CSF, calprotectin. further identified circulating IL-17A+ IL-17F+ T-helper cell lymphocytes compared healthy...
Abstract Background Identifying which taxa are targeted by immunoglobulins can uncover important host-microbe interactions. Immunoglobulin binding of commensal be assayed sorting bound bacteria from samples and using amplicon sequencing to determine their taxonomy, a technique most widely applied study A (IgA-Seq). Previous experiments have scored taxon in IgA-Seq datasets comparing abundances the IgA unbound sorted fractions. However, as these relative abundances, such scores influenced...